Old road grade lies just above the plot. Parkway runs 20-30m from plot and ca. 6-10 vertical m above, but effect of road is negligible within stand. Logging - past; Several trees originated as stump sprouts. CWD is probably from ice storms or moderate gypsy moth defoliation. Fire exclusion: One large (80+cm dbh?) Q. alba in plot with evident fire scar. Hydrologic: Culvert above plot may yield heavy runoff after major storm event.