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SHNP030
» Citation URL: http://vegbank.org/cite/VB.Ob.25490.SHNP030
» Citing info
Plot ID Fields: 
Author Plot Code ? SHNP030
Author Observation Code ? SHNP030
Original Data Location ? Virginia Natural Heritage Program, Richmond
Location Fields: MAP: Google | Yahoo | TopoZone | MapQuest
Location Accuracy ? 100 m
Confidentiality Status ? NOT IMPLEMENTED: public embargo
Latitude ? 38.5765 º
Longitude ? -78.3758555555555 º
Author Location ? Limberlost
State or Province ? Virginia
Country ? United States
Named Places
area|country|territory: United States
county: Madison
continent: North America
region|state|province: Virginia
quadrangle: Big Meadows
Layout Fields: 
Shape ? Rectangular
Area ? 400
Permanence ? not permanent
Environment Fields: 
Elevation ? 988 m
Slope Aspect ? (n/a, flat) º
Slope Gradient ? (n/a, too irregular to determine) º
Topographic Position ? Toeslope
Rock Type ? basalt
Homogeneity ? homogeneous
Hydrologic Regime ? Upland
Soil Moisture Regime ? Subhygric
Soil Drainage ? moderately well drained
Percent Wood ? 2 %
Percent Litter ? 97 %
Soil Taxon ? UNISON
Soil Taxon Source ? USDA county soil survey
Methods Fields: 
Observation Start Date ? 13-Jul-1999 ± exact
Date Accuracy ? exact
Project ? Shenandoah National Park
Cover Method ? Virginia Heritage Cover Method
Stratum Method ? VA-Heritage Strata
Stem Size Limit ? 2.5 cm
Taxon Observation Area ? 400
Cover Dispersion ? Entire
Overall Taxon Cover Values are Automatically Calculated? ? no
Stem Observation Area ? 400
Stem Sample Method ? Full census
Plot Quality Fields: 
Effort Level ? Accurate
Plot Validation Level ? (2) classification plot: sufficient for inclusion in a classification revision
Floristic Quality ? High
Overall Plot Vegetation Fields: 
Basal Area ? 80.1982626523823 m²/ha
Tree Cover ? 70 %
Shrub Cover ? 15 %
Field Cover ? 15 %
Nonvascular Cover ? 1 %
Dominant Stratum ? Tree
Misc Fields: 
Observation Narrative ? The forest growth documented by this plot of part of the 25 acre old growth hemlock-hardwood stand occurring on gentle topography from the Limberlost east to the main headwaters branch of Whiteoak Canyon. The presence of Picea rubens, Circaea alpina ssp.
Taxa occurring on this plot-observation
Change plant label:
Change Strata Shown:
ord Author Plant Name ?Original Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Original Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Original Interpretation, Common Name ?Original Interpretation, USDA Code ?Current Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Current Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Current Interpretation, Common Name ?Current Interpretation, USDA Code ? Stratum ?Cover ?Original Cover Code ?Basal Area ?Biomass ?Inference Area ? Stems: Stem Diameters (graphically):
1 Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   tree 20m
37.5 %
7       -none-
2 Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   tree 20m
7.5 %
5       -none-
3 Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   tree 20m
7.5 %
5       -none-
4 Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   tree 20m
7.5 %
5       -none-
5 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   tree 20m
7.5 %
5       -none-
6 Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens red spruce Picea rubens Sarg. **   Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens red spruce Picea rubens Sarg. **   tree 20m
3.5 %
4       -none-
7 Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   tree 10m
17.5 %
6       -none-
8 Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   tree 10m
17.5 %
6       -none-
9 Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   tree 10m
7.5 %
5       -none-
10 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   tree 10m
1.5 %
3       -none-
11 Quercus alba L. Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   tree 10m
1.5 %
3       -none-
12 Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   tree 6m
17.5 %
6       -none-
13 Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   tree 6m
0.55 %
2       -none-
14 Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   shrub
3.5 %
4       -none-
15 Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
16 Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   Betula alleghaniensis Britt. Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. **   woody seedlings
1.5 %
3       -none-
17 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
18 Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. Amelanchier arborea common serviceberry Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. **   Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. Amelanchier arborea common serviceberry Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
19 Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
20 Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
21 Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina Prunus serotina var. serotina black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina **   Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina Prunus serotina var. serotina black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
22 Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
23 Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
24 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
25 Quercus alba L. Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
26 Acer pensylvanicum L. Acer pensylvanicum L. Acer pensylvanicum striped maple Acer pensylvanicum L. **   Acer pensylvanicum L. Acer pensylvanicum striped maple Acer pensylvanicum L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
27 Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens red spruce Picea rubens Sarg. **   Picea rubens Sarg. Picea rubens red spruce Picea rubens Sarg. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
28 Sorbus americana Marsh. Sorbus americana Marsh. Sorbus americana American mountain ash Sorbus americana Marsh. **   Sorbus americana Marsh. Sorbus americana American mountain ash Sorbus americana Marsh. **   woody seedlings
0.05 %
1       -none-
29 Crataegus sp. Crataegus L. Crataegus hawthorn Crataegus sp. **   Crataegus L. Crataegus hawthorn Crataegus sp. **   woody seedlings
0.05 %
1       -none-
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.

Stratum Definitions:
Stratum Type ?Stratum Base ?Stratum Height ?Stratum Cover ?
tree 35m 35 m    
tree 20m 20 m 35 m 62.5 %
tree 10m 10 m 20 m 37.5 %
tree 6m 6 m 10 m 17.5 %
woody seedlings 0 m 0.5 m 1.5 %
shrub 0.5 m 6 m 7.5 %
Herb 0 m   15 %
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.
Observation Contributors:
Party ?Role ?
Fleming, Gary PI
Community Classification:
More Classification Start Date ? Community AssignmentsContributors
Details 21-Oct-2003
Community Concept ?Class Fit ?Class Confidence ?Community Authority Reference ?Typal ?
Eastern Hemlock - Hardwood Forest Absolutely correct High   no
Fleming, Gary
Details 28-Feb-2001
Community Concept ?Class Fit ?Class Confidence ?Community Authority Reference ?Typal ?
Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis - Acer saccharum / Dryopteris intermedia Forest Good answer High   no
Fleming, Gary


Soil Observations:
Soil Horizon ?Soil Depth Top ?Soil Depth Bottom ?Soil Color ?Soil Organic ?Soil Texture ?Soil Sand ?Soil Silt ?Soil Clay ?Soil Coarse ?Soil PH ?Exchange Capacity ?Base Saturation ?Soil Description ?
A       41.6199989318848 %           3.3 26.5200004577637 11.0100002288818 % 0-5 cm= coarse duff, organic matter; 5-12 cm= dark brown, mottled brownish clay loam; 12+ cm= white and orange mottled brownish clay loam.


Disturbance Data:
Disturbance Type ?Disturbance Intensity ?Disturbance Comment ?
Herbivory, invertebrate   Hemlock woolly adelgid
Herbivory, vertebrates    
Other disturbances   One large dying Tsuga in plot. Herbs and tree seedlings heavily grazed by deer.
Trampling and trails    


User Defined Values
No User Defined Data for this plot