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SHNP078
» Citation URL: http://vegbank.org/cite/VB.Ob.25538.SHNP078
» Citing info
Plot ID Fields: 
Author Plot Code ? SHNP078
Author Observation Code ? SHNP078
Original Data Location ? Virginia Natural Heritage Program, Richmond
Location Fields: MAP: Google | Yahoo | TopoZone | MapQuest
Location Accuracy ? 100 m
Confidentiality Status ? NOT IMPLEMENTED: public embargo
Latitude ? 38.7716 º
Longitude ? -78.2904388888889 º
Author Location ? Bearwallow
State or Province ? Virginia
Country ? United States
Named Places
area|country|territory: United States
county: Warren
continent: North America
region|state|province: Virginia
quadrangle: Bentonville
Layout Fields: 
Shape ? Rectangular
Area ? 200
Permanence ? not permanent
Environment Fields: 
Elevation ? 774 m
Slope Aspect ? (n/a, flat) º
Slope Gradient ? (n/a, too irregular to determine) º
Topographic Position ? Low level
Homogeneity ? homogeneous
Hydrologic Regime ? Saturated
Soil Moisture Regime ? Subhydric
Soil Drainage ? poorly drained
Percent Rock / Gravel ? 6 %
Percent Wood ? 3 %
Percent Litter ? 88 %
Percent Water ? 3 %
Soil Taxon ? ULTICHAPLUDALFS
Soil Taxon Source ? USDA county soil survey
Methods Fields: 
Observation Start Date ? 18-Jul-2000 ± exact
Date Accuracy ? exact
Project ? Shenandoah National Park
Cover Method ? Virginia Heritage Cover Method
Stratum Method ? VA-Heritage Strata
Stem Size Limit ? 2.5 cm
Taxon Observation Area ? 200
Cover Dispersion ? Entire
Overall Taxon Cover Values are Automatically Calculated? ? no
Stem Observation Area ? 200
Stem Sample Method ? Full census
Plot Quality Fields: 
Effort Level ? Accurate
Plot Validation Level ? (2) classification plot: sufficient for inclusion in a classification revision
Floristic Quality ? High
Overall Plot Vegetation Fields: 
Basal Area ? 46.7232184037566 m²/ha
Tree Height ? 25 m
Tree Cover ? 50 %
Shrub Cover ? 50 %
Field Cover ? 90 %
Nonvascular Cover ? 30 %
Dominant Stratum ? Tree
Misc Fields: 
Observation Narrative ? This headwaters swamp was devastated by a gypsy moth outbreak in the early 1990s. Hundreds of red and white oaks growing on hummocks and low rises between braided streams died, resulting in an opened canopy over large areas. Because of pervasive canopy
Taxa occurring on this plot-observation
Change plant label:
Change Strata Shown:
ord Author Plant Name ?Original Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Original Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Original Interpretation, Common Name ?Original Interpretation, USDA Code ?Current Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Current Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Current Interpretation, Common Name ?Current Interpretation, USDA Code ? Stratum ?Cover ?Original Cover Code ?Basal Area ?Biomass ?Inference Area ? Stems: Stem Diameters (graphically):
1 Liriodendron tulipifera L. Liriodendron tulipifera L. Liriodendron tulipifera tuliptree Liriodendron tulipifera L. **   Liriodendron tulipifera L. Liriodendron tulipifera tuliptree Liriodendron tulipifera L. **   tree 20m
37.5 %
7       -none-
2 Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   tree 20m
17.5 %
6       -none-
3 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   tree 10m
7.5 %
5       -none-
4 Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Fraxinus nigra black ash Fraxinus nigra Marsh. **   Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Fraxinus nigra black ash Fraxinus nigra Marsh. **   tree 10m
7.5 %
5       -none-
5 Vitis vulpina L. Vitis vulpina L. Vitis vulpina frost grape Vitis vulpina L. **   Vitis vulpina L. Vitis vulpina frost grape Vitis vulpina L. **   tree 10m
0.55 %
2       -none-
6 Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   tree 6m
17.5 %
6       -none-
7 Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch Ostrya virginiana hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch **   Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch Ostrya virginiana hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch **   tree 6m
17.5 %
6       -none-
8 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   tree 6m
1.5 %
3       -none-
9 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   shrub
37.5 %
7       -none-
10 Rubus allegheniensis Porter var. allegheniensis Rubus allegheniensis Porter var. allegheniensis Rubus allegheniensis var. allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry Rubus allegheniensis Porter var. allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis Porter var. allegheniensis Rubus allegheniensis var. allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry Rubus allegheniensis Porter var. allegheniensis **   shrub
1.5 %
3       -none-
11 Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   shrub
1.5 %
3       -none-
12 Robinia pseudoacacia L. Robinia pseudoacacia L. Robinia pseudoacacia black locust Robinia pseudoacacia L. **   Robinia pseudoacacia L. Robinia pseudoacacia black locust Robinia pseudoacacia L. **   shrub
1.5 %
3       -none-
13 Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   Hamamelis virginiana L. Hamamelis virginiana American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana L. **   shrub
1.5 %
3       -none-
14 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   shrub
1.5 %
3       -none-
15 Smilax rotundifolia L. Smilax rotundifolia L. Smilax rotundifolia roundleaf greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia L. **   Smilax rotundifolia L. Smilax rotundifolia roundleaf greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia L. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
16 Tilia americana L. Tilia americana L. Tilia americana American basswood Tilia americana L. **   Tilia americana L. Tilia americana American basswood Tilia americana L. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
17 Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. **   Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
18 Rubus occidentalis L. Rubus occidentalis L. Rubus occidentalis black raspberry Rubus occidentalis L. **   Rubus occidentalis L. Rubus occidentalis black raspberry Rubus occidentalis L. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
19 Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   shrub
0.55 %
2       -none-
20 Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   Fraxinus americana L. Fraxinus americana white ash Fraxinus americana L. **   woody seedlings
7.5 %
5       -none-
21 Viburnum acerifolium L. Viburnum acerifolium L. Viburnum acerifolium mapleleaf viburnum Viburnum acerifolium L. **   Viburnum acerifolium L. Viburnum acerifolium mapleleaf viburnum Viburnum acerifolium L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
22 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Lindera benzoin northern spicebush Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
23 Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. **   Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn Crataegus flabellata (Spach) Kirchn. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
24 Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   Quercus rubra L. Quercus rubra northern red oak Quercus rubra L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
25 Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   Acer rubrum L. Acer rubrum red maple Acer rubrum L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
26 Betula lenta L. Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   Betula lenta L. Betula lenta sweet birch Betula lenta L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
27 Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch **   Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
28 Quercus alba L. Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   Quercus alba L. Quercus alba white oak Quercus alba L. **   woody seedlings
0.55 %
2       -none-
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.

Stratum Definitions:
Stratum Type ?Stratum Base ?Stratum Height ?Stratum Cover ?
tree 35m 35 m    
shrub 0.5 m 6 m 37.5 %
tree 20m 20 m 35 m 62.5 %
tree 10m 10 m 20 m 17.5 %
tree 6m 6 m 10 m 37.5 %
woody seedlings 0 m 0.5 m 7.5 %
Herb 0 m   90 %
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.
Observation Contributors:
Party ?Role ?
Fleming, Gary PI
Community Classification:
More Classification Start Date ? Community AssignmentsContributors
Details 21-Oct-2003
Community Concept ?Class Fit ?Class Confidence ?Community Authority Reference ?Typal ?
Mountain / Piedmont Basic Seepage Swamp Absolutely correct High   no
Fleming, Gary
Details 28-Feb-2001
Community Concept ?Class Fit ?Class Confidence ?Community Authority Reference ?Typal ?
Acer rubrum - Fraxinus nigra - Betula alleghaniensis / Veratrum viride - Carex bromoides Seep Forest Absolutely correct Medium   no
Fleming, Gary


Soil Observations:
Soil Horizon ?Soil Depth Top ?Soil Depth Bottom ?Soil Color ?Soil Organic ?Soil Texture ?Soil Sand ?Soil Silt ?Soil Clay ?Soil Coarse ?Soil PH ?Exchange Capacity ?Base Saturation ?Soil Description ?
A       15.7399997711182 %           5.6 16.1000003814697 66.8899993896484 % A = organic-rich in hollows and rills = silty brown colluvial on hummocks = silt and cobbles in main channel


Disturbance Data:
Disturbance Type ?Disturbance Intensity ?Disturbance Comment ?
Herbivory, invertebrate   Gypsy moth
Herbivory, vertebrates   Chelone has been heavily grazed.
Other disturbances   Numerous dead trees in vicinity; many damaged crowns.
Other disturbances   Wind/Ice damage


User Defined Values
No User Defined Data for this plot