085-BLRP-0135
» Citation URL: http://vegbank.org/cite/urn:lsid:cvs.bio.unc.edu:observation:12753-{B7C60596-112D-433D-B300-2829BF1A27D6} » Citing info
Plot ID Fields:
Author Plot Code	085-BLRP-0135
Author Observation Code	085-BLRP-0135
Location Fields:	MAP: Google | Yahoo | TopoZone | MapQuest
Location Accuracy	100 m
Confidentiality Status	100 km radius (nearest degree)
Latitude	38 º
Longitude	-79 º
State or Province	Virginia
Named Places	county: Bedford county: Bedford region|state|province: Virginia
Layout Fields:
DSG Polygon	20 x 50 m
Area	1000 m²
Permanence	not permanent
Environment Fields:
Elevation	536 m
Slope Aspect	78 º
Slope Gradient	18 º
Topographic Position	middle slope
Landform	side slope
Hydrologic Regime	terrestrial (upland)
Soil Moisture Regime	mesic
Soil Drainage	well drained
Methods Fields:
Observation Start Date	14-Aug-2003
Observation End Date	14-Aug-2003
Project	Virginia Heritage
Cover Method	Carolina Vegetation Survey
Stratum Method	No Strata
Method Narrative	releve Virginia Division of Natural Heritage, see http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/documents/nh_plotform_instructions.pdf
Overall Taxon Cover Values are Automatically Calculated?	no
Plot Quality Fields:
Plot Validation Level	(2) classification plot: sufficient for inclusion in a classification revision
Overall Plot Vegetation Fields:
Tree Height	40 m
Shrub Height	6 m
Field Height	5 m
Tree Cover	85 %
Shrub Cover	60 %
Field Cover	60 %
Misc Fields:
Observation Narrative	Maturing successional forest dominated by Liriodendron tulipifera, which approaches if not exceeds 40 m in height. Lindera benzoin forms dense shrub layer and Amphicarpaea bracteata is most abundant herb, but vegetation differs from typical successional Liriodendron / Lindera communities and Liriodendron / Amphicarpaea stands sampled elsewhere along Blue Ridge Parkway. This stand contains several herb species characteristic of well-developed, mature, rich herb guilds, including Asarum canadense, Trillium grandiflorum, Osmorhiza claytonii, Laportea canadensis, and Collinsonia canadensis. Directions to plot and tree tag: Park at James River Valley Overlook. Walk N along BRP ca. 500m. Look for very large (ca. 1m dbh) Liriodendron and Quercus rubra growing adjacent to one another. (Slope below road becomes less steep here). Descend to the right. Point located ca. 40m from road. Tagged tree is a Liriodendron tulipifera of 84cm dbh with tag# 483. Conduit is at a bearing of 158 degrees and 3.4 m from tree. Plot location selected in the field by DNH Ecologists.

Taxa occurring on this plot-observation
Change plant label: --Choose a value-- Author's plant name Original Interpretation, full Scientific Name Original Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors Original Interpretation, USDA Code Original Interpretation, Common Name Current Interpretation, full Scientific Name Current Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors Current Interpretation, USDA Code Current Interpretation, Common Name
Change Strata Shown: --choose one-- show strata (no strata on this plot) show overall cover show strata + overall
ord Author Plant Name Original Interpretation, full Scientific Name Original Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors Original Interpretation, Common Name Original Interpretation, USDA Code Current Interpretation, full Scientific Name Current Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors Current Interpretation, Common Name Current Interpretation, USDA Code Stratum Cover Original Cover Code Basal Area Biomass Inference Area Stems: Stem Diameters (graphically): 1 Liriodendron tulipifera Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   Liriodendron tulipifera **   -all-   62.5 % 8       -none- 2 Amphicarpaea bracteata Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   Amphicarpaea bracteata **   -all-   37.5 % 7       -none- 3 Lindera benzoin Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   Lindera benzoin **   -all-   37.5 % 7       -none- 4 Fraxinus americana Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   -all-   17.5 % 6       -none- 5 Acer rubrum Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   -all-   17.5 % 6       -none- 6 Carya ovalis Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   Carya ovalis **   -all-   17.5 % 6       -none- 7 Quercus montana Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   Quercus montana **   -all-   17.5 % 6       -none- 8 Acer pensylvanicum Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   Acer pensylvanicum **   -all-   7.5 % 5       -none- 9 Ostrya virginiana Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   Ostrya virginiana **   -all-   7.5 % 5       -none- 10 Asarum canadense Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   Asarum canadense **   -all-   7.5 % 5       -none- 11 Thalictrum coriaceum Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   Thalictrum coriaceum **   -all-   7.5 % 5       -none- 12 Solidago curtisii Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   Solidago curtisii **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 13 Quercus rubra Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 14 Actaea racemosa Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   Actaea racemosa **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 15 Magnolia acuminata Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   Magnolia acuminata **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 16 Betula lenta var. lenta Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   Betula lenta var. lenta **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 17 Prunus avium Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   Prunus avium **   -all-   3.5 % 4       -none- 18 Eurybia divaricata Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   Eurybia divaricata **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 19 Persicaria virginiana Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   Persicaria virginiana **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 20 Galium triflorum Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 21 Trillium grandiflorum Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   Trillium grandiflorum **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 22 Viburnum acerifolium Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   Viburnum acerifolium **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 23 Prunus serotina var. serotina Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 24 Cornus florida Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   -all-   1.5 % 3       -none- 25 Sassafras albidum Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   Sassafras albidum **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 26 Geranium maculatum Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   Geranium maculatum **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 27 Dioscorea quaternata Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   Dioscorea quaternata **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 28 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 29 Uvularia perfoliata Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   Uvularia perfoliata **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 30 Aralia nudicaulis Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   Aralia nudicaulis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 31 Viola canadensis var. canadensis Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   Viola canadensis var. canadensis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 32 Toxicodendron radicans Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 33 Eurybia macrophylla Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   Eurybia macrophylla **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 34 Menispermum canadense Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   Menispermum canadense **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 35 Viola sororia Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   Viola sororia **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 36 Hylodesmum nudiflorum Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 37 Botrypus virginianus Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   Botrypus virginianus **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 38 Hydrangea arborescens Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   Hydrangea arborescens **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 39 Arisaema triphyllum Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   Arisaema triphyllum **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 40 Collinsonia canadensis Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   Collinsonia canadensis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 41 Viola subsinuata Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   Viola subsinuata **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 42 Juglans nigra Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   Juglans nigra **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 43 Osmorhiza claytonii Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   Osmorhiza claytonii **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 44 Galium latifolium Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   Galium latifolium **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 45 Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 46 Galium circaezans Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 47 Laportea canadensis Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   Laportea canadensis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 48 Hydrophyllum virginianum Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   Hydrophyllum virginianum **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 49 Sanguinaria canadensis Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   Sanguinaria canadensis **   -all-   0.505 % 2       -none- 50 Carex laxiflora Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   Carex laxiflora **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 51 Phytolacca americana var. americana Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   Phytolacca americana var. americana **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 52 Nabalus sp. Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   Nabalus sp. **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 53 Commelina communis Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   Commelina communis **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 54 Stellaria pubera Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   Stellaria pubera **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 55 Festuca subverticillata Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 56 Carex virescens Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   Carex virescens **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 57 Scrophularia sp. Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   Scrophularia sp. **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 58 Lilium sp. Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   Lilium sp. **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 59 Smilax herbacea Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   Smilax herbacea **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 60 Vitis vulpina Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 61 Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   Panax quinquefolius **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 62 Monarda clinopodia Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   Monarda clinopodia **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 63 Rubus allegheniensis Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   Rubus allegheniensis **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 64 Isotrema macrophyllum Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   Isotrema macrophyllum **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 65 Galearis spectabilis Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   Galearis spectabilis **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 66 Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 67 Thaspium barbinode Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   Thaspium barbinode **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 68 Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 69 Ulmus rubra Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   Ulmus rubra **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 70 Carex appalachica Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   Carex appalachica **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 71 Amelanchier laevis Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   Amelanchier laevis **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 72 Asplenium platyneuron Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   Asplenium platyneuron **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 73 Galium aparine Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   Galium aparine **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 74 Smilax rotundifolia Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   Smilax rotundifolia **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none- 75 Carex nigromarginata Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   Carex nigromarginata **   -all-   0.05 % 1       -none-
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