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A.245 | EcoArt 2002
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Name: A.245 Reference: EcoArt 2002 Description: This alliance is restricted to the northern Great Plains and the Black Hills. The canopy can be moderately closed to closed but is often relatively open for a forest alliance. The overstory of this alliance is usually dominated by ~Quercus macrocarpa$, although in some elements ~Tilia americana$ is a codominant. Associated trees include ~Ulmus americana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica$, and ~Betula papyrifera$ throughout its range, and ~Pinus ponderosa$ in the Black Hills. There is a subcanopy of ~Ostrya virginiana, Juniperus virginiana$, and small overstory species. In the eastern portion of its range, ~Juglans nigra, Populus tremuloides$, and ~Celtis$ spp. are often found in the canopy and subcanopy. A shrub layer may be present. It is usually made up of species 0.5-2 m tall, such as ~Symphoricarpos occidentalis, Prunus virginiana, Ribes$ spp., ~Amelanchier alnifolia, Corylus cornuta$, and ~Corylus americana$. Smaller shrubs like ~Mahonia repens$ and ~Rosa$ spp. are also commonly found in this alliance. The herbaceous layer typically contains ~Aralia nudicaulis, Caulophyllum thalictroides, Elymus virginicus, Carex$ spp., ~Maianthemum stellatum$, and ~Viola$ spp. ^~~Quercus macrocarpa$ Forest Alliance (A.245)$$ is found on rolling hills, mountain slopes (in the Black Hills), and along watercourses. These topographic positions provided some protection from the fires that regularly occurred in the surrounding grasslands. In the drier parts of its range, this alliance is predominantly found on north-facing slopes or along watercourses where the microclimate is more mesic. The soils of this alliance tend to be deep, loamy, and moderately well-drained to well-drained.  Accession Code: VB.CC.1756.A245 Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 26-Nov-1997 to: 17-Mar-2005
	status: accepted Community's Parent: I.B.2.N.a This Community's Level: Alliance This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   Common: Bur Oak Forest Alliance   Scientific: QUERCUS MACROCARPA FOREST ALLIANCE   Code: A.245 (convergence) and Synonyms: (undetermined) Quercus macrocarpa Forest Alliance