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Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis / Veratrum viride - Carex scabrata - Oclemena acuminata Forest | Fleming, G. P., and P. P. Coulli...
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Name: Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis / Veratrum viride - Carex scabrata - Oclemena acuminata Forest Reference: Fleming, G. P., and P. P. Coulli... Description: This community is currently known from scattered sites in the northern Blue Ridge and Ridge and Valley provinces of Virginia. Similar communities have been observed in the high Allegheny Mountains of Virginia and West Virginia, the Maryland Blue Ridge, and the Ridge and Valley of east-central West Virginia. Occurrences in Pennsylvania also seem likely. The type appears to be limited to high-elevation montane wetlands in a portion of the central Appalachians where Rhododendron maximum is infrequent to absent. Sites are usually located in high-elevation valleys or slope concavities, in diffuse stream headwaters and lateral, groundwater-saturated flats along larger streams. Occasionally, stands occupy gentle depressions or basins influenced by seasonally perched groundwater but without flowing streams. Elevation ranges from 700-1170 m (2300-3840 feet), though most occurrences are above 900 m (3000 feet). Habitats are flat to moderately sloping and typically have >20% surface cover of boulders and stones weathered from metabasalt, granitic rocks, or sandstone. Stream-bottom habitats have pronounced hummock-and-hollow microtopography, with moss-covered mounds and intertwining roots of Betula alleghaniensis, mucky pools, and braided drainage channels. Canopy dominance is shared by Tsuga canadensis and Betula alleghaniensis in variable proportions. Minor canopy associates include Acer rubrum, Fraxinus americana, Pinus strobus, Quercus alba, and Quercus rubra. Small-tree and shrub layers are open to sparse, with Acer pensylvanicum, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex verticillata, and Kalmia latifolia the most frequent species. Alnus incana ssp. rugosa is a dominant shrub in one sampled plot. Rhododendron catawbiense is scattered in some stands of this community in the southern part of the northern Blue Ridge but does not form dense stands. The herb layer is well-developed and usually lush with forbs.  Accession Code: VB.CC.22570.TSUGACANADENSIS Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 01-Jun-2001 to: 17-Nov-2014
	status: accepted Community's Parent: Tsuga canadensis - Acer rubrum Saturated Forest Alliance This Community's Level: Association This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   Translated: Eastern Hemlock - Yellow Birch / American False Hellebore - Eastern Rough Sedge - Whorled Wood Aster Forest   Code: CEGL008533   Scientific: Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis / Veratrum viride - Carex scabrata - Oclemena acuminata Forest   Common: High-Elevation Hemlock - Yellow Birch Seepage Swamp   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.687138 NatureServe Explorer (convergence) and Synonyms: (undetermined) Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis / Veratrum viride - Carex scabrata - Oclemena acuminata Forest