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Betula papyrifera - Conifer / Clintonia uniflora Woodland | Western Ecology Working Group of...
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Name: Betula papyrifera - Conifer / Clintonia uniflora Woodland Reference: Western Ecology Working Group of... Description: This association is locally common on moderate to steep slopes on the west side of Glacier National Park, Montana. This mesic, montane association is located on moderately steep to very steep toeslopes to midslopes with mostly south and east aspects. Elevations range between 1000 and 1190 m (3300-3900 feet). Soils are moderately well- to well-drained sandy or silty loams or clay loams. Litter comprises 40-90% of the ground cover. This mixed conifer-deciduous forest occurs as a result of disturbance, either fire or avalanche. Total tree canopy cover ranges from 5-60% with heights between 5-35 m; some emergent trees may reach heights of 50 m. Betula papyrifera and Pseudotsuga menziesii codominate the canopy layer, each with 3-30% cover. Trees tend to range in age from 30 to 65 years. Larix occidentalis may also be common, while Pinus contorta and Picea engelmannii remain scattered in the overstory with low constancy. Tall-shrub cover is high, ranging from 20-50% with heights mostly measuring 1-5 m. Acer glabrum and Amelanchier alnifolia dominate the tall-shrub layer with 1-20% cover. Rubus parviflorus and Cornus sericea are also common; other common shrubs with lower cover include Lonicera utahensis, Salix scouleriana, and Holodiscus discolor. Taxus brevifolia, Ribes lacustre, and Sorbus scopulina may be present in certain areas with moderate to high cover. Short-shrub cover ranges from 1-30% with heights from less than 0.5 to 1m. Symphoricarpos albus and Paxistima myrsinites are the most common short shrubs, while Spiraea betulifolia, Vaccinium membranaceum, and Shepherdia canadensis are often also present with low cover. The herbaceous cover ranges from 10-50%. The presence of Clintonia uniflora is the indicator for this association, even if other herbaceous species have higher cover. Other common forbs include Aralia nudicaulis, Prosartes hookeri (= Disporum hookeri), and Viola orbiculata with 1-25% cover. Other high-constancy species include Adenocaulon bicolor, Bromus vulgaris, Fragaria vesca, Osmorhiza berteroi, and Elymus glaucus with 1-3% cover. Nonvascular cover is low (0-5%).  Accession Code: VB.CC.28244.BETULAPAPYRIFER Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 09-Feb-2004 to: 17-Nov-2014
	status: accepted Community's Parent: Betula papyrifera Woodland Alliance This Community's Level: Association This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   Translated: Paper Birch - Conifer / Bride's-bonnet Woodland   UID: HIGHER_CLASS_UNIT.2.124699 NatureServe Explorer   Scientific: Betula papyrifera - Conifer / Clintonia uniflora Woodland   Code: CEGL005904 (convergence) and Synonyms: (undetermined) Betula papyrifera - Conifer / Clintonia uniflora Woodland