Name:
Quercus (rubra, velutina, alba) - Betula lenta - (Pinus strobus) Forest
Reference:
Eastern Ecology Working Group of...
Description:
This association covers mid-successional forests developing after heavy cutting or other disturbance in the mid-Atlantic states, where dry-mesic oak species and earlier successional trees predominate, typically with a supercanopy of <i>Pinus strobus</i>. It is usually found on dry-mesic sites that are flat to gently rolling. Characteristic structure is large <i>Pinus strobus</i> over a layer of young, small-diameter hardwoods, such as <i>Acer rubrum, Betula lenta</i>, and mesic oaks, including <i>Quercus rubra</i> and <i>Quercus palustris</i>. <i>Juniperus virginiana</i> and <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> may be common in the canopy or subcanopy. Other common associates include <i>Prunus serotina, Fagus grandifolia, Fraxinus americana, Populus grandidentata, Acer saccharum, Carya cordiformis, Betula alleghaniensis</i>, and occasional dry oak species such as <i>Quercus alba</i> or <i>Quercus velutina</i>. The subcanopy may contain <i>Carpinus caroliniana</i> and/or <i>Ostrya virginiana</i>. The tall-shrub layer is sparse to moderately dense, consisting of <i>Lindera benzoin, Ilex verticillata, Viburnum prunifolium, Viburnum recognitum</i>, and saplings of canopy tree species. Common short shrubs are <i>Berberis thunbergii, Viburnum acerifolium, Rubus occidentalis, Rubus flagellaris</i>, and <i>Rubus allegheniensis</i>. Ericaceous shrubs may be scattered in this type, however, they generally do not cover greater than 25% of the forest floor. The herbaceous layer is sparse to moderately dense; characteristic herbs include <i>Maianthemum canadense, Dennstaedtia punctilobula, Lycopodium digitatum, Chimaphila maculata, Galium circaezans, Galium mollugo, Mitchella repens, Polystichum acrostichoides, Dryopteris intermedia, Ageratina altissima var. altissima, Podophyllum peltatum</i>, and <i>Oxalis stricta</i>. <i>Alliaria petiolata</i> is a common invasive plant in these forests. Vines are usually sparse, with <i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia</i> and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i> typically present at low cover.
Accession Code:
VB.CC.31006.CEGL006454
Plot-observations of this Community Concept:
0
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- status: accepted
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This Community's Level:
association
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 This Community's Children:
[none]
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Names:
UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.791646
NatureServe
Explorer
Common: Mid-Atlantic Oak - Pine Successional Forest
Translated: (Northern Red Oak, Black Oak, White Oak) - Sweet Birch - (Eastern White Pine) Forest
Scientific: Quercus (rubra, velutina, alba) - Betula lenta - (Pinus strobus) Forest
Code: CEGL006454
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