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Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest | Western Ecology Working Group of...
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Name: Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest Reference: Western Ecology Working Group of... Description: This association occurs in the northwestern Cascade Range of Washington and the coastal mountains of British Columbia. This is a needle-leaved evergreen conifer forest or woodland, with relatively short trees. <i>Tsuga mertensiana</i> and <i>Abies amabilis</i> are the most abundant trees, averaging 32-37% cover each; <i>Chamaecyparis nootkatensis</i> is also sometimes prominent. The understory typically has a semi-open layer of deciduous broad-leaved shrubs about 0.5-1.5 m tall, mostly <i>Vaccinium ovalifolium</i>, and to a lesser degree <i>Vaccinium membranaceum, Menziesia ferruginea</i>, or <i>Rubus spectabilis</i>. The shrubs are typically clumped near the bases of trees. A relatively lush forb-dominated herbaceous layer always has abundant <i>Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii</i>. Several other herbaceous species can be important, especially <i>Rubus pedatus, Streptopus lanceolatus var. curvipes (= Streptopus roseus), Athyrium filix-femina, Veratrum viride, Lysichiton americanus</i>, and <i>Valeriana sitchensis</i>. It occurs at elevations of 800-1550 m, on very moist to wet, poorly-drained, concave sites, with springs or seeps, typically occurring in linear stringers. Soils are saturated year-round and the snowpack is very deep (about 4 m). This association is distinguished from similar associations by at least 10% cover of <i>Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii</i> and little to no <i>Oplopanax horridus</i> or <i>Nephrophyllidium crista-galli (= Fauria crista-galli)</i>. <i>Sphagnum</i> spp. are documented as abundant in British Columbia and probably also in Washington.  Accession Code: VB.CC.32487.CEGL000501 Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 17-Nov-2014 to: 01-May-2019
	status: accepted This Community's Level: association This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683547 NatureServe Explorer   Translated: Mountain Hemlock - Pacific Silver Fir / Howell's Marsh-marigold Forest   Scientific: Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest   Code: CEGL000501