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Abies lasiocarpa - Picea engelmannii / Linnaea borealis Forest | NatureServe Biotics 2019
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Name: Abies lasiocarpa - Picea engelmannii / Linnaea borealis Forest
Reference: NatureServe Biotics 2019
Description: This widespread forest association occurs in the subalpine zone in the central and northern Rocky Mountains. Elevations are 1145-2135 m (3750-7000 feet) throughout most of the range. Sites are relatively cool and moist, occurring on all aspects, but are typically found on northern slopes (especially mid to lowslopes), valley bottoms and benches. Soils are typically medium- to fine-textured and are derived from a variety of parent materials. Litter dominates ground surface often 3 cm deep with low cover of bare soil and rock (except boulders). The vegetation is characterized by <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i> and <i>Picea engelmannii</i> codominating the tree canopy with <i>Linnaea borealis</i> present to dominant in the dwarf-shrub layer and <i>Vaccinium scoparium</i> and <i>Xerophyllum tenax</i> with less than 5% cover. The evergreen needle-leaved tree canopy is moderately dense to dense (over 55% cover) and is typically dominated by <i>Picea engelmannii</i> and mature seral tree species, with <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i> dominating the subcanopy and regeneration layers. Important seral species in the tree canopy are <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii, Larix occidentalis</i>, and <i>Pinus contorta</i>. Undergrowth is variable; however, an open to dense dwarf-shrub layer is present and usually dominated or codominated by <i>Linnaea borealis</i>. Consistent shrubs and dwarf-shrubs include <i>Amelanchier alnifolia, Mahonia repens, Ribes lacustre, Rosa</i> spp., <i>Rubus parviflorus, Shepherdia canadensis, Spiraea betulifolia, Vaccinium membranaceum</i> and <i>Vaccinium scoparium</i>. The sparse to moderate herbaceous layer is a mixture of graminoids and forbs such as <i>Actaea rubra, Arnica</i> spp., <i>Calamagrostis rubescens, Carex geyeri, Carex rossii, Galium</i> spp., <i>Maianthemum stellatum, Osmorhiza berteroi, Orthilia secunda</i>, and <i>Thalictrum occidentale</i>. 
Accession Code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29224-{A3DDCBE7-5EE5-4A8C-9F92-988FAECBA514}
Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 2
      Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization)
Perspective from: 11-Mar-2004 to: ongoing
      Names:   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.684337 NatureServe ExplorerNatureServe Explorer logo
  Code: CEGL000315
  Translated: Subalpine Fir - Engelmann Spruce / Twinflower Forest
  Scientific: Abies lasiocarpa - Picea engelmannii / Linnaea borealis Forest
(convergence) and Synonyms:
(similar) CEGL000315
(similar) Abies lasiocarpa - Picea engelmannii / Linnaea borealis Forest
(similar) Abies lasiocarpa / Linnaea borealis Forest