Name:
Quercus (rubra, alba) / Carpinus caroliniana - (Halesia tetraptera) / Maianthemum racemosum Forest
Reference:
NatureServe Biotics 2019
Description:
This association is a closed-canopy to somewhat open-canopy deciduous floodplain forest on the highest positions of river floodplains. These alluvial terraces are infrequently flooded and some are possibly no longer flooded. Low frequency and low energy of flooding is evidenced by the development of litter layers and organic-enriched soil horizons. Soils are well-drained sands and sandy loams, and soil moisture regime may be somewhat dry. The soils are slightly to moderately acidic and have relatively high cation levels. Slopes range from level to steep. The canopy is frequently composed of very large-diameter, tall trees, with species more typical of uplands. Dominant trees in the canopy include <i>Quercus rubra, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera</i>, and <i>Acer saccharum</i>. Additional trees which may occur in the canopy and subcanopy include <i>Acer rubrum, Carya alba, Carya cordiformis, Carya ovata, Fagus grandifolia, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans nigra, Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia tripetala, Nyssa sylvatica, Platanus occidentalis, Prunus serotina var. serotina</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. The small tree <i>Halesia tetraptera</i> is dominant in some areas as a well-developed tall-shrub layer and may extend into the tree subcanopy; <i>Sassafras albidum</i> may also occur as a small tree. Additional shrubs include <i>Carpinus caroliniana, Dirca palustris, Hamamelis virginiana, Lindera benzoin, Smilax rotundifolia, Magnolia tripetala, Asimina triloba</i>, and <i>Viburnum prunifolium</i>. Low shrubs may be present, though typically sparse, and include <i>Xanthorhiza simplicissima, Chionanthus virginicus, Euonymus americanus, Hamamelis virginiana</i>, and <i>Smilax rotundifolia</i>. Characteristic herbs include <i>Ageratina altissima, Amphicarpaea bracteata, Arisaema triphyllum, Cynoglossum virginianum, Dichanthelium boscii, Eurybia divaricata, Galium circaezans, Galium triflorum, Hexastylis virginica, Hydrastis canadensis, Maianthemum racemosum, Packera aurea, Polygonatum biflorum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Sedum ternatum, Thelypteris noveboracensis</i>, and <i>Verbesina alternifolia</i>.
Accession Code:
urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35102-{D724889E-10E8-4C80-9CA1-81AE25697FAE}
Plot-observations of this Community Concept:
8
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