Name:
Fagus grandifolia - Quercus (alba, nigra) / Symplocos tinctoria - (Stewartia malacodendron) Forest
Reference:
NatureServe Biotics 2019
Description:
These mesic mixed hardwood forests of the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain are dominated by <i>Fagus grandifolia</i> and various combinations of oaks, particularly <i>Quercus nigra</i> or <i>Quercus alba</i>. Other mesophytic hardwoods such as <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, bottomland oaks, or <i>Carya</i> spp. may be present or abundant. This community grades into drier zones in which <i>Quercus falcata, Pinus echinata</i>, and <i>Pinus taeda</i> are common. <i>Vaccinium</i> sp. and <i>Arundinaria gigantea</i> are important in the shrub layer. Other canopy species that may be present include <i>Nyssa sylvatica, Quercus alba, Quercus laurifolia, Quercus michauxii, Quercus pagoda, Ulmus alata, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>. <i>Pinus taeda</i> may also be present and may have increased in occurrences with a history of disturbance. The understory may include a variety of species in addition to those regenerating in the canopy, including <i>Ilex opaca, Ostrya virginiana, Carpinus caroliniana, Cornus florida</i>, and <i>Stewartia malacodendron</i>. The well-developed shrub layer may contain a variety of species, including <i>Euonymus americanus, Rhododendron canescens, Vaccinium elliottii, Vaccinium pallidum, Gaylussacia dumosa, Gaylussacia frondosa, Symplocos tinctoria, Arundinaria gigantea, Asimina triloba, Callicarpa americana</i>, and others. The herbaceous layer ranges from sparse to moderately well-developed and among the species that occur are <i>Osmunda cinnamomea, Polystichum acrostichoides, Mitchella repens, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Malaxis unifolia, Arisaema triphyllum, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Dichanthelium boscii, Goodyera pubescens, Carex debilis, Carex abscondita</i>, and <i>Tipularia discolor</i>. The vine/liana stratum is sparse and can contain <i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax bona-nox, Toxicodendron radicans, Bignonia capreolata</i>, and <i>Smilax tamnoides</i>, among others. The South Carolina example occurs on middle to lower convex slopes.
Accession Code:
urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35482-{9ADED6FD-B8CD-4A89-A594-EA114DA73EA5}
Plot-observations of this Community Concept:
71
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