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Tsuga heterophylla - (Thuja plicata, Alnus rubra) / Lysichiton americanus - Athyrium filix-femina Swamp Forest | NatureServe Biotics 2019
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Name: Tsuga heterophylla - (Thuja plicata, Alnus rubra) / Lysichiton americanus - Athyrium filix-femina Swamp Forest Reference: NatureServe Biotics 2019 Description: This association is currently described from San Juan Island National Historical Park, Washington. Additional global information will be added when available. This forested wetland association occurs in the lowlands throughout western Washington, except perhaps on the outer coastal plain of the Olympic Peninsula. This type occurs exclusively on poorly drained sites that are saturated or seasonally flooded. Soils are saturated throughout the growing season and are often organic (muck or woody peat) but may also be mineral. The semi-open to dense forest canopy is dominated by <i>Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata</i>, and/or <i>Alnus rubra</i>. Either <i>Tsuga heterophylla</i> or <i>Thuja plicata</i> are always at least codominant. <i>Picea sitchensis, Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, or <i>Abies amabilis</i> are sometimes present in lesser abundance. Tree regeneration is generally dominated by <i>Tsuga heterophylla</i>. The shrub layer varies from sparse to well-developed. <i>Rubus spectabilis</i> is usually the most abundant species. <i>Acer circinatum</i> is sometimes prominent. The herb layer is well-developed and dominated or codominated by <i>Lysichiton americanus</i>. <i>Athyrium filix-femina</i> is usually present to prominent. The understory is characterized by at least 5% cover of <i>Lysichiton americanus</i>, relatively low abundance of <i>Gaultheria shallon</i>, and the presence to prominence of <i>Rubus spectabilis</i> or <i>Athyrium filix-femina</i>. Species composition within the San Juan Island National Historical Park occurrences include an overstory dominated by <i>Thuja plicata</i> with <i>Alnus rubra</i> being prominent. <i>Rubus spectabilis</i> is the dominant shrub. Herbaceous species include <i>Lysichiton americanus, Polystichum munitum, Calamagrostis canadensis, Athyrium filix-femina, Galium aparine, Veronica americana</i>, and <i>Equisetum arvense</i>. This association occurs only in wetlands. It is sensitive to changes in hydrology or water quality and to logging disturbance.  Accession Code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35572-{B55C6449-631F-4685-AF01-3F2B777B2A52} Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 10-Jul-2018 to: ongoing
	status: accepted Community's Parent: Tsuga heterophylla - Picea sitchensis / Lysichiton americanus Swamp Forest Alliance This Community's Level: Association This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.979484 NatureServe Explorer   Code: CEGL007322   Translated: Western Hemlock - (Western Red-cedar, Red Alder) / American Skunk-cabbage - Common Ladyfern Swamp Forest   Scientific: Tsuga heterophylla - (Thuja plicata, Alnus rubra) / Lysichiton americanus - Athyrium filix-femina Swamp Forest