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Ulex europaeus / Holcus lanatus - Pennisetum clandestinum Ruderal Subalpine-Montane Shrubland & Grassland Group | NatureServe Biotics 2019
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Name: Ulex europaeus / Holcus lanatus - Pennisetum clandestinum Ruderal Subalpine-Montane Shrubland & Grassland Group Reference: NatureServe Biotics 2019 Description: This montane-subalpine ruderal shrubland and grassland group is characterized by a moderate to dense herbaceous layer (&lt;1 m tall) dominated by exotic species such as <i>Andropogon virginicus, Heterotheca grandiflora, Holcus lanatus, Melinis minutiflora, Melinis repens, Nephrolepis multiflora, Pennisetum clandestinum, Pityrogramma austroamericana</i>, and many others. Other than <i>Ulex europaeus</i> there are relatively few exotic shrubs that dominate montane and subalpine sites. However, this group also includes disturbed shrublands dominated by native shrub species such as <i>Dodonaea viscosa</i> and <i>Styphelia tameiameiae</i> with a moderate to dense herbaceous layer strongly dominated by exotic species (&gt;90% relative cover) that is so altered that the natural plant community cannot be determined. This shrubland and grassland group occurs on slopes of the larger islands in Hawai`i, from near 1000 to 3000 m (3280-9835 feet) elevation. Annual rainfall is generally 400-2500 mm. Soils are generally shallow, over soft, highly weathered `a`â or pâhoehoe basaltic lava that retains soil moisture, but includes thin mucky clays, deeper ash deposits and thin, well-drained, cinder-derived soil with many rock outcrops.  Accession Code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:40150-{F9C7ABEE-34C6-4B4E-8E52-6168BF46ABC9} Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 26-May-2016 to: ongoing
	status: accepted Community's Parent: Polynesian Ruderal Montane Shrubland, Grassland & Savanna Macrogroup This Community's Level: Group This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.860870 NatureServe Explorer   Code: G418   Scientific: Ulex europaeus / Holcus lanatus - Pennisetum clandestinum Ruderal Subalpine-Montane Shrubland & Grassland Group