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Reference
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Description |
Comm #1021
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Acer saccharinum / Onoclea sensibilis - Boehmeria cylindrica Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34824-{6BA78896-F225-4B1A-842A-D745EDCDC820}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
18
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These silver maple floodplain forests of the northeastern United States are typical of riverbottoms, lakeplains, and the inner floodplain of medium to large rivers, mostly at less than 245 m (800 feet) elevation. They are most typical of third- and fourth-order rivers. They are subjected to spring flooding of high frequency and duration; their soils are poorly drained and deep. They are generally associated with calcareous or sedimentary bedrock and with fine-grained surficial deposits but may occur in coarser soils or tills. The canopy ranges from closed to somewhat open (in small inclusions, it may be quite sparse) and is high and arching. Shrubs are few; the herb layer is very well-developed. Bryoids are minor. The overall effect is of tall, well-spaced trees over a lush carpet of herbs. The canopy is strongly dominated by <i>Acer saccharinum</i>. Associated trees include <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Ulmus americana</i>, and occasionally <i>Quercus bicolor</i> or <i>Quercus macrocarpa</i>. <i>Prunus serotina, Picea glauca</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i> have been occasionally noted northward. The herb layer is seasonally variable, with spring ephemerals succeeded by dense cover of mixed ferns, forbs and graminoids. Summer-dominant herbs include <i>Onoclea sensibilis</i> and <i>Boehmeria cylindrica</i>. This type differs from <i>~Acer saccharinum - (Populus deltoides) / Matteuccia struthiopteris - Laportea canadensis</i> Floodplain Forest (CEGL006147)$$ in its somewhat more poorly drained soils, longer flood duration, and the reduced importance of <i>Matteuccia struthiopteris</i> relative to <i>Onoclea sensibilis</i> along with generally higher herb layer richness. It generally lacks <i>Populus deltoides</i> and <i>Salix nigra</i> in the canopy. It may be bordered on its upland edge by terrace forests dominated by <i>Acer saccharum</i>. |
Comm #1022
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Quercus virginiana - (Pinus elliottii, Sabal palmetto) / Persea borbonia - Callicarpa americana Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35349-{B6D24961-9C5C-498D-8BF2-388BAAC30E51}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
18
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This forest of barrier islands and related habitats from the Carolinas to Alabama has a low to moderately high tree canopy, often stunted and pruned by salt spray into streamlined shapes. The canopy is mostly closed with well-developed subcanopy and shrub layers and a sparse herb layer. Along the seaward edge of this community, the canopy tends to be quite low in stature with shrub species grading smoothly into the dominant canopy species. Vines are often an important component. This community ranges from Smith Island complex, Brunswick County, North Carolina, south to mid-peninsula, Atlantic Coast Florida (Cape Canaveral); the concept also includes temperate maritime hammocks of the northeastern and Panhandle coasts of Florida. The species composition varies along a latitudinal gradient throughout the geographic limits of its range. In general, from Cape Fear, North Carolina (Bald Head Island), south to mid-South Carolina, the canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus virginiana</i> and <i>Pinus taeda</i> occurring with <i>Sabal palmetto</i>. Farther south, <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii</i> replaces <i>Pinus taeda</i>, and <i>Sabal palmetto</i> becomes more prominent. Some floristic elements of the Georgia islands, such as <i>Lyonia ferruginea</i> and <i>Forestiera segregata</i>, are completely absent from barrier islands in the Carolinas. <i>Serenoa repens</i> does not occur on the North Carolina barrier islands. This association has been found along the St. Johns River in Florida on the Ocala National Forest, far upstream from brackish water influence. In mid-Florida, tropical species begin to dominate the understory while temperate species retain canopy dominance. South of Martin County, Florida, tropical species such as <i>Bursera simaruba, Sideroxylon foetidissimum</i>, and <i>Ficus aurea</i> begin to dominate the forest canopy and mark the northern limits of the Tropical Barrier Island Forest community. In northeastern Florida, at the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, dead and dying <i>Persea borbonia</i> indicate that these maritime hammocks are being affected by laurel wilt, which is caused by a vascular wilt fungus that is transmitted to species in the Lauraceae family via. the non-native redbay ambrosia beetle (<i>Xyleborus glabratus</i>). |
Comm #1023
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Selaginella rupestris - Schizachyrium scoparium - Hypericum gentianoides - Bulbostylis capillaris Rocky Grassland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35879-{AF49AC58-2232-4F14-A14C-F0BD74BC2FC0}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
18
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This association includes vegetation found on granitic exfoliation domes of the Piedmont and lower elevation portions of the Blue Ridge. It occurs on gently sloping to steep exposures of smooth, exfoliating granite or similar massive igneous or metamorphic rock, such as granitic gneiss. The substrate has few cracks or irregularities for soil accumulation, and most of the areal extent is bare rock. This association typically occurs at elevations below 915 m (3000 feet) but may be found at slightly higher elevations. This community occurs in large patches, ranging in size from a few acres to over 100 acres. Vegetation consists primarily of lichens on bare rock or of shallow mats generally dominated by <i>Selaginella rupestris</i> occurring with other distinctive species. Woody species from adjacent woodlands and shrublands may be scattered components, rooted in deeper soil pockets, older stable vegetation mats, and in marginal zones between the exposed rock and adjacent forests. <i>Selaginella rupestris</i> is almost always a major dominant of the vegetation mats. However, distribution of <i>Selaginella rupestris</i> can be spotty, so there are examples of this association that do not contain this species. Other characteristic herbaceous species are <i>Baptisia tinctoria, Cheilanthes lanosa, Coreopsis major, Corydalis sempervirens, Danthonia sericea, Lindernia monticola, Phlox nivalis, Schizachyrium scoparium, Scleria triglomerata</i>, and <i>Phemeranthus teretifolius</i>. Common woody species include <i>Carya pallida, Chionanthus virginicus, Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana, Kalmia latifolia, Pinus echinata, Pinus rigida, Quercus montana, Rhododendron minus, Ulmus alata</i>, and <i>Vaccinium stamineum</i>. |
Comm #1024
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Liriodendron tulipifera - Quercus rubra - Magnolia acuminata / Cornus florida Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36571-{173BCB21-4973-4F04-9823-107027C7BD1A}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
18
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This Central Appalachian community type occurs throughout the Blue Ridge and Ridge and Valley portions of the Virginia mountains north of the New River and may extend throughout the Central Appalachian portions of West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Stands occupy mesic hollow sideslopes, ravines, and slope concavities at elevations from 240-800 m (800-2600 feet) and exceptionally to 1000 m (3300 feet). Underlying bedrock is variable and probably exerts less influence on vegetation than local soil conditions. Stands are associated both with sheltered sites on poor substrates, such as acidic sandstones, and with warmer, more exposed coves on fertile substrates. Vegetation consists largely of post-logging secondary forests with tall (>30 m), well-formed canopy trees. <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> is the characteristic, usually dominant canopy species in mixed stands with <i>Magnolia acuminata, Quercus rubra, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Carya ovalis</i>. <i>Quercus montana, Fraxinus americana, Betula lenta, Tilia americana</i> (including both <i>var. americana</i> and <i>var. heterophylla</i>), <i>Carya glabra, Carya alba</i>, and <i>Quercus alba</i> are minor canopy associates. Understory tree layers are very open and contain young reproduction of the canopy species along with <i>Cornus florida</i> (often dominant) and <i>Ostrya virginiana</i>. <i>Cornus florida, Viburnum acerifolium</i>, and climbing or scrambling <i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia</i> are usually the most abundant species of a sparse shrub layer. The herb layer varies in density from open to moderately dense, but generally lacks the lush aspect of other communities in the Rich Cove and Slope Forests group. |
Comm #1025
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Quercus lobata – Quercus agrifolia / Grass Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegtwig.vegbank.org:commconcept:441-{BDBC1260-DA87-44CE-9D01-5E1873363918}
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MCV2 |
18
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71.040.06 |
Comm #1026
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Eriogonum fasciculatum – Salvia apiana Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegtwig.vegbank.org:commconcept:67-{E691F5A4-A90F-4269-87A0-4E0556690277}
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MCV2 |
18
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32.100.01 |
Comm #1027
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Keckiella antirrhinoides – Artemisia californica Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegtwig.vegbank.org:commconcept:55-{0C722A51-5E07-40F3-A16B-C35D2F750D6C}
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MCV2 |
18
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32.065.02 |
Comm #1028
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Periodically Exposed Shoreline Community
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accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:17547-{B19CAAB6-92EC-44D6-BF11-BF2294584211}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
18
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Comm #1029
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Juglans californica / Ceanothus spinosus Woodland
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accession code: VB.CC.37418.CEGL002853
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18
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This woodland association occurs on somewhat steep to steep slopes, usually on northeast aspects, at low elevations between 193 and 616 m. It is dominated by <i>Juglans californica</i> in the tree layer, <i>Ceanothus spinosus</i> in the understory shrub layer, and a mixture of grasses and forbs in the herbaceous layer. |
Comm #1030
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Cercocarpus montanus Woodland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30653.CERCOCARPUSMONT
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NVC 2004 |
18
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