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Comm #1111	Populus tremuloides / Vaccinium myrtilloides / Solidago uliginosa Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.37495.CEGL006594		16	This successional deciduous forested swamp occurs on moist to temporarily flooded soils in headwater basins of the Allegheny Mountains region of West Virginia, at elevations between 950 and 1200 m. This community is an outlier that occurs well south of the primary range of <i>Populus tremuloides</i> wetlands. It is a small-patch clonal type that occupies flat to very gently sloping land (0- to 1-degree slopes) in larger wetland mosaics, often surrounded by successional shrub swamps or peatlands. It is part of a natural (beaver-influenced) disturbance regime, although its natural extent would be less than the current extent, which has been enlarged due to extensive logging and burning about 1900, and subsequent grazing. Median stand age ranges from 30-40 years. This type represents important habitat that was once covered by <i>Picea rubens</i> swamps and is likely to eventually recover if natural succession is allowed to proceed unhindered. Soils are poorly drained, mottled silt or clay loam, underlain by clay or clay loam. Organic soils are absent, although a few centimeters of litter or duff cover the soil surface. The community is characterized by an open to closed canopy of clonal <i>Populus tremuloides</i> with diverse shrub and herb layers. The canopy is strongly dominated by <i>Populus tremuloides</i>, occasionally including very low cover of <i>Crataegus punctata, Picea rubens, Amelanchier laevis</i>, and <i>Crataegus macrosperma</i>. Canopy height is less than 20 m, and sometimes it is as low as 5 m, essentially crossing the transition between woodland and shrubland physiognomy. The shrub strata are dominated by young <i>Populus tremuloides, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides</i>, and <i>Viburnum recognitum</i>. <i>Spiraea alba</i> or <i>Photinia melanocarpa</i> may be locally abundant. The herbaceous layer is typically diverse, with high cover and constancy by <i>Solidago uliginosa, Rubus hispidus, Danthonia compressa, Solidago rugosa, Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia, Potentilla simplex, Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata</i>, and <i>Juncus effusus</i>. The non-native species <i>Anthoxanthum odoratum ssp. odoratum</i> is often present with low cover. Nonvascular plants typically include <i>Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum</i> spp., and <i>Callicladium haldanianum</i>. Mean species richness of all vascular plants and any nonvascular plants with cover >1% ranges from 14-57 (mean=29) taxa per 400 square meters, with most of the diversity in the herb layer.
Comm #1112	Black Greasewood Intermittently Flooded Shrub Herbaceous Alliance » more details accession code: VB.cc.29913.BLACKGREASEWOOD	NVC 2004	16
Comm #1113	Quercus lobata Woodland Alliance » more details accession code: VB.CC.24417.QUERCUSLOBATAWO	Western Ecology Working Group of...	16	This California woodland alliance of valley bottoms and gentle slopes requires intermittently flooded, seasonally saturated soils. The soils are deep and alluvial or residual, and the water must be fresh. Elevations range from sea level to 775 m. The climate regime throughout the range of this alliance is strongly Mediterranean, with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. Most precipitation falls as rain between November and April. Yearly rainfall totals average approximately 60 cm. Stands of this woodland are dominated by Quercus lobata. Other trees in the canopy may include Quercus kelloggii, Quercus douglasii, Quercus agrifolia, Platanus racemosa, and Fraxinus latifolia. Occasional shrubs may include Frangula californica ssp. californica, and Toxicodendron diversilobum. Lianas, such as Vitis californica, are common. Annual grasses dominate the ground layer.
Comm #1114	NY Heritage: Chestnut oak forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.28681.NYHERITAGECHEST	Ecological Communities of New York, 2nd Ed.	16	A hardwood forest that occurs on well-drained sites in glaciated portions of the Appalachians, and on the coastal plain. This forest is similar to the Allegheny oak forest; it is distinguished by fewer canopy dominants and a less diverse shrublayer and groundlayer flora. Dominant trees are typically chestnut oak (Quercus montana) and red oak (Q. rubra). Common associates are white oak (Q. alba), black oak (Q. velutina), and red maple (Acer rubrum). American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was a common associate in these forests prior to the chestnut blight; chestnut sprouts are still found in some stands. The shrublayer is predominantly ericaceous; characteristic shrubs are black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), and blueberry (Vaccinium pallidum). Common groundlayer plants are Pennsylvania sedge (Carex pensylvanica), wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens), and cushions of the moss Leucobryum glaucum. At least three edaphic variants with different understory dominants are known: 1) a tall shrub-dominated understory with 60-90% mountain laurel, 2) a short shrub-dominated understory with dense dwarf heaths, such as black huckleberry, and 3) a herb-dominated understory with Pennsylvania sedge.
Comm #1115	Quercus lobata – Quercus wislizeni Association » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/vegbranch:commConcept:28623-{31C6EDD5-90F7-46A6-9875-96F704881A87} NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	MCV2	16
Comm #1116	Taxodium ascendens - Nyssa biflora / Carex striata - Rhynchospora (careyana, cephalantha) Stringer Swamp Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32935-{C4985925-CD08-4006-9C21-897118E5C41E}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	16	This stringer woodland association is characterized by <i>Taxodium ascendens</i> and <i>Nyssa biflora</i> with a mixed sedge understory. These stringers occur in seasonally (or semipermanently) flooded flow-ways that include swales, limesinks and other depressional wetlands. The sedges <i>Carex striata, Rhynchospora cephalantha, Rhynchospora careyana</i>, and/or <i>Rhynchospora microcephala</i> tend to form a thick mat in the soggy substrate. Evergreen shrubs, such as <i>Lyonia lucida, Clethra alnifolia</i>, and <i>Cyrilla racemiflora</i>, will often be found growing in raised patches or around the bases of large trees. Periodic droughts allow for the occasional establishment of <i>Acer rubrum</i>, although it is less likely to persist over time given a relatively frequent fire regime. This regime will maintain the open herbaceous layer and remove other hardwood invaders as well.
Comm #1117	Taxodium ascendens / Aristida palustris Swamp Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32936-{4CD0AECA-7511-40BF-BE21-5C0414DF9779}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	16	This depression woodland is found in Carolina bays and swales in coastal South Carolina. <i>Taxodium ascendens</i>, and at a times <i>Pinus serotina</i>, sparsely populate these meadows. <i>Aristida palustris, Andropogon</i> spp. (<i>Andropogon capillipes, Andropogon glaucopsis, Andropogon virginicus</i>), and <i>Panicum rigidulum var. combsii </i>dominate the herb layer. <i>Amphicarpum muehlenbergianum, Panicum verrucosum</i>, and <i>Rhynchospora careyana</i> are also common graminoids in this type. At times an outer zone of this type may be present and exhibit a hybrid habitat between the pond-cypress and longleaf pine wet savannas. <i>Sarracenia flava</i> is common to these drawdown zones.
Comm #1118	Artemisia cana / Pascopyrum smithii Wet Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29981-{A449D46C-7981-4133-BEDA-838548C813C2}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	16	This silver or coaltown sagebrush shrubland is found in the northwestern Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of the western United States and Canada. Stands occur on flat alluvial deposits on floodplains, terraces or benches, or alluvial fans. The soils are moderately deep to deep and either silt loam, clay loam, or sandy loam. Flooding may occur periodically and this tends to retard soil development. This community is dominated by a combination of shrubs and graminoids. The total vegetation cover is moderate. The tallest and most conspicuous stratum in this community is a shrub layer that is usually 0.6-1.2 m. <i>Artemisia cana</i> is the dominant in this layer and may be accompanied by <i>Symphoricarpos occidentalis</i>. Also present are shorter shrubs such as <i>Artemisia frigida, Krascheninnikovia lanata, Rosa woodsii</i>, and <i>Gutierrezia sarothrae</i>. The most abundant graminoid is <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i>. This species is typically 0.5-1.0 m tall. It is often accompanied by <i>Nassella viridula</i> and sometimes <i>Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis</i>, and <i>Hesperostipa comata</i>. <i>Bouteloua gracilis</i> is the most abundant short graminoid. Typical forb constituents of this community are <i>Achillea millefolium, Gaura coccinea, Sphaeralcea coccinea</i>, and <i>Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella</i>.
Comm #1119	Peninsula Wet Flatwoods/Prairies » more details accession code: urn:lsid:cvs.bio.unc.edu:commConcept:28580-{A8146C06-0518-46FB-A14F-245387DB185F} NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	S. Carr PhD	16
Comm #1120	Quercus douglasii / Mixed Herbaceous Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34077-{2EBE1028-78D9-45EC-B47E-D220594F3690}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	16	This open to shaded woodland occurs across a wide range of elevations, between 30 and 1676 m (100-5500 feet), on moderate to steep slopes of all aspects, from bottom to upper slopes and ridgetops. The surface topography is variable, and soils are mostly sandy loam, but can be a wide variety of textures, including clay, clay loam, silt, silt loam, and sand. The vegetation is an overstory tree layer dominated by <i>Quercus douglasii</i>. A shrub layer is absent, although a few scattered individuals and even clumps of shrubs may occur. The herbaceous cover is typically the predominant undergrowth cover in this type and typically composed of a high cover of grasses (average 90%). However, no one species or suite of species are present in all stands. Commonly encountered native grass species include <i>Elymus glaucus, Leymus triticoides, Melica californica, Nassella pulchra, Poa secunda</i>, and <i>Vulpia microstachys</i>. Introduced grasses commonly include <i>Avena barbata, Bromus diandrus, Bromus hordeaceus, Bromus rubens, Brachypodium distachyon</i>, and <i>Cynosurus echinatus</i>. Forb species vary depending on yearly rainfall and are highly diverse.