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Name
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Reference
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Description |
Comm #11591
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Quercus phellos - (Quercus lyrata) / Carex spp. - Leersia spp. Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.33367.CEGL002102
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Southeastern Ecology Working Gro... |
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This willow oak flatwoods forest occurs in bottomland flatwoods environments of major rivers in the south-central United States. This type most often occurs on first bottoms and terrace flats with poorly drained, heavy silty clay soils that are flooded with shallow water each winter and spring. The relatively high clay content in these soils produces a perched water table that contributes to prolonged wet conditions and equally severe summer dry periods when soils become hard and develop excessive cracks. This restricted soil permeability is characteristic of flatwoods, which contain species typical of drier upland sites on slight rises and shallow ephemeral seasonal ponds in depressions. The perched water table situation can also occur in distinctly upland situations as well as in floodplains. Dominant trees in this community include <i>Quercus phellos, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. <i>Quercus lyrata</i> and <i>Quercus texana</i> are also frequently encountered. Unfavorable soil conditions often cause the trees to be stunted. The understory and shrub layers are poorly developed (less than 50% cover) consisting primarily of <i>Acer rubrum, Ilex decidua</i>, and <i>Forestiera acuminata</i>. The herbaceous stratum is dominated by <i>Carex</i> spp., <i>Leersia</i> spp., and <i>Cinna arundinacea</i>. Herbaceous density is generally low but fluctuates with canopy openness. Elevated rises exhibit plants common of dry and dry-mesic soils such as <i>Porteranthus stipulatus</i> and <i>Pycnanthemum tenuifolium</i>, while wet and wet-mesic soils found in shallow ephemeral or seasonal ponds in depressions are dominated by <i>Carex</i> spp. <i>Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum (= Aster simplex)</i> is often encountered in flatwoods, as are <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i> and <i>Campsis radicans</i>. |
Comm #11592
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Salix nigra Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.35469.CEGL002103
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Southeastern Ecology Working Gro... |
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The black willow forest type is found widely but sporadically across the eastern United States. Stands occur on the banks of small to large rivers where they are a component of point bar succession. It may also be present in the inflows of manmade lakes where similar sand bars may develop over time and where the seasonal draining patterns of the lake may mimic similar natural processes. Surface water is present for brief periods during the growing season, but the water table usually lies well below soil surface. The vegetation is a closed-canopy forest dominated by <i>Salix nigra</i>. Associates may include <i>Populus deltoides, Planera aquatica, Betula nigra, Platanus occidentalis, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Carya illinoinensis, Diospyros virginiana, Quercus nigra, Cornus drummondii, Ulmus americana, Acer rubrum, Acer negundo</i>, and <i>Acer saccharinum</i>. Shrubs and herbaceous plants are absent to fairly dense. They include <i>Ampelopsis arborea, Mikania scandens, Toxicodendron radicans, Polygonum</i> spp., <i>Erechtites hieraciifolia, Boehmeria cylindrica, Commelina virginica, Phytolacca americana</i>, and <i>Asplenium platyneuron</i>. In Kentucky, stands may contain <i>Dichanthelium commutatum</i>. |
Comm #11593
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Pinus tropicalis / Byrsonima pinetorum - Pachyanthus poiretii / Mesosetum liliiforme - Rhynchospora spp. Woodland
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accession code: VB.CC.36491.CEGL007630
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Areces-Mallea, A. E., A. S. Weak... |
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Comm #11594
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Cereus hildmannianus / Plumeria tuberculata - Neea shaferi - Capparis ferruginea Woodland
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accession code: VB.CC.36292.CEGL007631
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Southeastern Ecology Working Gro... |
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Comm #11595
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Fraxinus nigra - Mixed Hardwoods - Conifers / Cornus sericea / Carex spp. Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.36913.CEGL002105
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Midwestern Ecology Working Group... |
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This black ash - mixed hardwoods and conifer swamp forest is found widely in the northern midwestern region of the United States and into the hemi-boreal region of central Canada. Sites are found on well-decomposed woody peat or fine mineral soil. The type is found where perched wet pockets occur on fine sandy, clay loamy to fine loamy soils in valleys with impeded drainage or near shores. Hydrology can vary from seasonally flooded to saturated. Conditions are often transitional to uplands. Canopy structure is variable, ranging from 30-90% cover. The canopy is dominated by <i>Fraxinus nigra</i> (at least 50% cover), with a diverse mix of hardwoods and conifers in the main and subcanopies, including <i>Abies balsamea, Acer rubrum, Betula papyrifera, Betula alleghaniensis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera, Populus tremuloides, Thuja occidentalis, Tilia americana</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. Shrub and sapling species include <i>Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Cornus sericea, Corylus cornuta, Lonicera canadensis, Prunus virginiana, Ribes triste, Rubus idaeus</i>, and <i>Rubus pubescens</i>. Herbaceous species include <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Athyrium filix-femina, Carex gracillima, Carex intumescens, Cinna latifolia, Circaea alpina, Clintonia borealis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Equisetum sylvaticum, Fragaria virginiana, Maianthemum canadense, Mitella nuda, Streptopus lanceolatus var. longipes (= Streptopus roseus), Thalictrum pubescens</i>, and <i>Trientalis borealis</i>. Mosses include <i>Climacium dendroides, Plagiomnium</i> spp. A floodplain variant may also occur, with more hardwood dominance, with wetter species present, such as <i>Alnus incana, Calamagrostis canadensis</i>, and <i>Caltha palustris</i>. Diagnostic features include the dominance by <i>Fraxinus nigra</i>. |
Comm #11596
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CEGL000588
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accession code: VB.CC.3197.CEGL000588
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11597
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CEGL002046
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accession code: VB.CC.4593.CEGL002046
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11598
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Purshia tridentata / Festuca idahoensis Shrub Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.32803.CEGL002674
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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Comm #11599
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CEGL002047
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accession code: VB.CC.4594.CEGL002047
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11600
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CEGL003618
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accession code: VB.CC.5564.CEGL003618
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EcoArt 2002 |
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