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Reference
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Description |
Comm #11831
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Abies grandis / Cornus nuttallii - Acer glabrum Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.34701.CEGL001104
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This closed to open forest occurs in the east Cascades of Washington near Mount Adams. This association occurs between 884 and 1128 m (2900-3700 feet) elevation and primarily on north to east aspects. <i>Abies grandis</i> dominates the canopy that occasionally contains <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii, Tsuga heterophylla</i>, or <i>Pinus monticola</i> trees. Shrubs are a common feature of the undergrowth with a combined cover exceeding 30%. <i>Cornus nuttallii</i> is the most abundant tall shrub or short tree that is often joined by <i>Corylus cornuta</i> and <i>Acer glabrum</i>. Shorter deciduous shrubs include <i>Rosa gymnocarpa, Rubus parviflorus, Vaccinium membranaceum, Mahonia nervosa</i>, and <i>Symphoricarpos hesperius</i>. <i>Paxistima myrsinites</i> and <i>Chimaphila umbellata</i> are common short evergreen shrubs. Graminoids are unusual. Forbs are diverse but infrequently display high cover. High constancy forbs are <i>Linnaea borealis, Clintonia uniflora, Goodyera oblongifolia</i>, and <i>Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia</i>. |
Comm #11832
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CEGL000216
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accession code: VB.CC.2842.CEGL000216
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
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Comm #11833
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CEGL000222
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accession code: VB.CC.2848.CEGL000222
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11834
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Alnus incana / Cornus sericea Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.34424.CEGL001145
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This riparian, tall-shrub association is present throughout Idaho and Montana, eastern Oregon and Washington, and the mountains of Colorado. It is considered a minor type throughout Utah and north-northeastern Nevada and is largely restricted to the higher, more northerly mountains of California. This type is predominantly present in narrow V-shaped canyons between 1219 and 2438 m (4000-8000 feet) elevation on gentle undulating, low to moderate-height terraces of various aspects. Stands primarily occupy streambanks but may also be found on floodplains and alluvial bars. Soils are of a sandy loam formed by fluvial deposits. <i>Alnus incana</i> dominates the low tree overstory with a dense shrub layer of <i>Cornus sericea</i>. Common shrubs usually intermixed within this layer include <i>Amelanchier alnifolia, Lonicera involucrata, Ribes hudsonianum, Rosa</i> spp., <i>Salix</i> spp., and <i>Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i>. The density of the shrub layer determines the presence of the herbaceous understory. When present, common species include <i>Agrostis stolonifera, Angelica arguta, Calamagrostis canadensis, Equisetum arvense, Galium</i> spp. and <i>Maianthemum stellatum (= Smilacina stellata)</i>. |
Comm #11835
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Quercus gambelii / Amelanchier utahensis Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.32698.CEGL001110
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This mixed mountain shrubland occurs in southern Utah and western Colorado. Stands occur in canyons, or on mesas, benches, plateaus, ridges, foothills scarps and mountains. Elevation ranges from 1525 to 2700 m (5000-8860 feet). Slopes are gentle to steep (1-100%) and may be oriented to any aspect. Soil are generally deep, well-developed and are derived from a variety of sources, including sandstones, shales and metamorphic rocks. The vegetation is characterized by a sparse to dense (10-100+% cover) tall-shrub layer (2-5 m tall) codominated by <i>Quercus gambelii</i> and <i>Amelanchier utahensis</i>. Common shrub associates include <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> and <i>Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i>. <i>Cercocarpus montanus</i> is absent or poorly represented (<5% cover). Other shrubs and dwarf-shrubs present with low cover may include <i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Ephedra viridis, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Mahonia repens, Opuntia</i> spp., <i>Purshia tridentata</i>, and <i>Prunus virginiana</i>. Graminoids, such as <i>Pascopyrum smithii, Achnatherum hymenoides, Carex geyeri, Hesperostipa comata</i>, or <i>Poa fendleriana</i>, dominate the sparse herbaceous layer (<10% total cover). Common forbs include <i>Achillea millefolium, Artemisia ludoviciana, Allium acuminatum, Comandra umbellata, Erigeron speciosus, Lathyrus lanszwertii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Packera multilobata, Phlox austromontana, Thalictrum fendleri</i>, or <i>Vicia americana</i>. Occasionally, scattered individual trees are present in the overstory, including <i>Pinus edulis, Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, or <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i>. |
Comm #11836
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Quercus gambelii / Robinia neomexicana / Symphoricarpos rotundifolius Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.32696.CEGL001116
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This poorly known association is reported from the Sandia Mountains in north-central New Mexico and the Mogollon Rim in north-central Arizona. Sites include steep, exposed slopes at higher elevation, or north aspect midslopes and riparian areas in canyons at lower elevation. Slopes and aspects are variable. Substrates are generally coarser textured soils with a high percentage of mixed gravel, cobble and/or boulder-sized rock. Vegetation is characterized by a moderately dense to dense, deciduous tall-shrub layer that is dominated by <i>Quercus gambelii</i> with <i>Robinia neomexicana</i> often codominating. Scattered conifer trees may be present including <i>Pinus edulis, Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, or <i>Juniperus</i> spp. Riparian stands may have an occasional <i>Acer negundo</i> tree or <i>Salix</i> spp. shrub. The short-shrub layer is dominated by species of <i>Symphoricarpos</i> that vary depending on geography and include <i>Symphoricarpos rotundifolius, Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i>, or <i>Symphoricarpos palmeri</i>. Other shrubs may include <i>Amelanchier utahensis, Chamaebatiaria millefolium, Forestiera pubescens</i>, or <i>Rosa woodsii</i>. The herbaceous layer is generally sparse because of shading from dense shrub cover. Associates include <i>Achillea millefolium, Artemisia ludoviciana, Campanula rotundifolia, Hedeoma drummondii, Heterotheca villosa, Penstemon</i> spp., <i>Poa fendleriana, Solidago velutina</i>, and <i>Thalictrum fendleri</i>. |
Comm #11837
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Rosa woodsii Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.32461.CEGL001126
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This shrubland occurs in the foothills and plains of Montana, Idaho, Nevada, and eastern California. Elevations range from 650-2490 m. Stands occur in floodplains and on alluvial terraces along rivers and streams, on hillsides below springs, and in ravines and swales where overland flow from snowmelt and summer thunderstorms provides additional moisture. It can also occur on disturbed sites with little moisture, such as steep south-facing hill slopes. Sites are flat to moderately steep. Floodplain sites are temporarily flooded, well-drained with no perched water table. Soils range from sandy loams to silt loams. Stands typically have a moderately dense short-shrub layer which <i>Rosa woodsii</i> dominates. Some stands have moderate cover of <i>Rosa acicularis, Symphoricarpos occidentalis</i>, or <i>Toxicodendron rydbergii</i>. Other shrubs can include <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> and <i>Ribes aureum</i>. Some stands have an herbaceous layer dominated by the exotic grasses <i>Poa pratensis</i> or <i>Bromus tectorum</i> and the weedy forb <i>Cirsium arvense</i>. Other common herbaceous species include perennial graminoids, such as <i>Elymus glaucus, Leymus cinereus, Carex</i> spp., <i>Juncus balticus</i>, and <i>Muhlenbergia racemosa</i>, and the forbs <i>Achillea millefolium, Ambrosia psilostachya, Artemisia ludoviciana, Fragaria virginiana, Galium boreale, Geum macrophyllum</i>, and <i>Solidago canadensis</i>. |
Comm #11838
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Rhamnus alnifolia Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.32631.CEGL001132
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
0
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This association is known from the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon, scattered locations in moist mountainous regions of Idaho, Montana, and in western Wyoming. Stands of this <i>Rhamnus alnifolia</i> association occur at low to mid elevations (e.g., up to 2074 m [6800 feet]) in seeps, along sloped spring-fed creeks, on alluvial terraces of small streams (orders 1 and 2), and in broad basins or fens. Soils are typically loams and contain coarse rock fragments. Soils often show signs of a seasonally high water table (e.g., mottling), but the association also occurs on semipermanently saturated sites. Nearly complete cover of <i>Rhamnus alnifolia</i> characterizes this association, with few associates having consistently high cover due to the dense canopy. Associated shrubs that may be present include <i>Alnus incana, Lonicera involucrata, Ribes</i> spp., <i>Salix geyeriana</i>, and <i>Symphoricarpos albus</i>. The herbaceous understory is diverse, but most species have low to moderate cover. Common graminoid species include <i>Bromus</i> spp., <i>Calamagrostis canadensis, Cinna latifolia, Elymus glaucus</i>, and <i>Glyceria</i> spp. Tall forbs are characteristically present, including <i>Heracleum maximum, Mertensia</i> spp., <i>Thalictrum occidentale</i>, and <i>Urtica dioica</i>, but no single species has high cover and constancy throughout the association's range. |
Comm #11839
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Alnus incana / Mesic Graminoids Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.34334.CEGL001148
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
0
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This shrubland association is a widespread community of limited extent in the western states of Idaho, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, and Nevada. Stands occur in narrow to moderately wide floodplains on stream benches, in association with abandoned meanders, on islands and pointbars, and on hillside seeps. These shrublands are characterized by stands of medium-tall and tall, deciduous shrubs and a thick herbaceous undergrowth of wetland-indicator grasses, and little to no overstory tree canopy. Total shrub cover is usually over 50% and is dominated by <i>Alnus incana</i>, the diagnostic shrub. Other shrubs include <i>Salix</i> spp., <i>Betula occidentalis</i>, and <i>Cornus sericea</i>. The understory of undisturbed stands has a dense herbaceous cover including <i>Glyceria</i> spp., <i>Calamagrostis canadensis, Elymus glaucus, Carex</i> spp., and <i>Equisetum</i> spp. Heavily disturbed stands have abundant non-native grasses. In Nevada, Utah, southeastern Idaho, and Wyoming, this type is considered a grazing-induced community derived from ~<i>Alnus incana</i> / Mesic Forbs Shrubland (CEGL001147)$$. However, several stands in Colorado are undisturbed and the undergrowth is dominated by native graminoid cover. |
Comm #11840
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Tsuga mertensiana - Tsuga heterophylla / Vaccinium ovalifolium / Nephrophyllidium crista-galli Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.32615.CEGL003221
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
0
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