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Comm #11931
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Phyllodoce glanduliflora / Sibbaldia procumbens Dwarf-shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.28068.PHYLLODOCEGLAND
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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Documented from Glacier National Park, Montana. This community is found as small patches from the upper subalpine to alpine environments, its documented elevation range being from 1930 to 2320 m (6330-7610 feet). It is a moderately chionophilous type often noted as a dark green ericaceous border around long-persisting snowbed depressions. It also occurs on somewhat exposed ridges of terraced landscapes on positions where the ericaceous dwarf-shrubs are projecting through the snow in late June and July and the lower, less exposed positions in the landscape are still snow covered. It occurs on gentle terrain with slopes mostly less than 15% and noted to not exceed 35%. The accumulated peat layer is hypothesized to isolate the ericaceous root mat from differences in rock chemistry; therefore the community is found on both calcareous limestones and non-calcareous siltstones and argillites. The amount of exposed rock (which is frost-heaved to the surface) and soil is generally less than 5%, whereas litter in combination with moss and lichen cover form a nearly continuous cover. The heath species, Phyllodoce glanduliflora, Phyllodoce empetriformis, and/or their hybrid Phyllodoce X intermedia, having at least 10% cover, are diagnostic for this community. In general the cover of these dwarf-shrubs exceeds 25% and they form a discontinuous layer about 0.15 m high. Salix arctica and Kalmia microphylla are the only other dwarf-shrubs of note. Carex nigricans is the one graminoid consistently present, though cover seldom exceeds 10%. Other high constancy graminoids include Phleum alpinum, Luzula glabrata, and a variable combination of Juncus species, Juncus mertensianus, Juncus drummondii, and Juncus parryi. Though its cover seldom exceeds 5%, Sibbaldia procumbens is diagnostic of the chionophilous nature of this community; other high-constancy forbs include Erigeron peregrinus, Packera streptanthifolia (= Senecio cymbalarioides), Hieracium gracile, Arenaria capillaris, Hypericum scouleri (= Hypericum formosum), and Veronica wormskjoldii. |
Comm #11932
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Salix arctica / Carex nigricans Dwarf-shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.28070.SALIXARCTICACAR
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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Documented from Glacier National Park, Montana. This community occurs primarily as small patches, from the uppermost subalpine to mid-alpine elevations, ranging from 2000 to 2320 m (6560-7610 feet). It is mainly associated with receiving positions, the toeslopes and lower to midslopes of gentle terrain; slopes range from flat to moderate with all aspects represented, though steeper slopes tend to have northerly or easterly exposures. This community is considered a snowbed type having deep and late-persisting snow cover, which augments its moisture supply late into the growing season. Substrates include various sedimentary rock types, both calcareous (limestone) and not (siltstones, argillite). There is a nearly continuous mat of vegetation comprised of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens (aggregate usually exceeding 80% cover). In its modal form this community resembles a nubby green carpet with tufts of graminoids and forbs projecting. Vascular plant cover generally exceeds 50% but may range from 20 to 98%. Salix arctica forms a short-shrub layer (<0.03 m) having more than 10% cover and in most cases more than 25% cover. Other dwarf-shrubs, including Kalmia microphylla and Phyllodoce glanduliflora, generally have less than 5% cover and are present in a small fraction of the stands. The graminoid component is dominated by Carex nigricans, a sod-forming, rhizomatous species well known as a snowbed indicator. The forb layer may be species-rich but its cover is usually not greater than 20%. The presence of forbs Trollius laxus, Parnassia fimbriata, Triantha glutinosa (= Tofieldia glutinosa), and Veronica wormskjoldii are indicative of the hygric nature of these sites; other forbs more mesic in their affinities and having at least 75% constancy include Packera streptanthifolia (= Senecio cymbalarioides), Sibbaldia procumbens, Erigeron peregrinus, Hypericum scouleri, Castilleja occidentalis, and Potentilla diversifolia. Mosses contributing the most cover to what often appears to be a continuous carpet include Aulacomnium palustre, Philonotis fontana, and various species of Bryum. |
Comm #11933
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Festuca roemeri - Sericocarpus rigidus Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.33849.CEGL001608
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
0
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This grassland association is described from the southern edge of Puget Sound in Washington where it occurs exclusively on deep gravelly/sandy glacial outwash deposits. Frequent burns ignited primarily by Native Americans maintained stands historically. Sites are typically on mesic, gentle to moderate slopes with relatively warm southern to western exposures. This association has a moderately dense mixed graminoid/forb herbaceous layer less than 0.5 m tall that is dominated by <i>Festuca roemeri (= Festuca idahoensis var. roemeri)</i> with the indicator species <i>Sericocarpus rigidus (= Aster curtus)</i>. Other common forb species include <i>Achillea millefolium</i> and <i>Fragaria virginiana</i>. Trees may be scattered in these stands as they often occur as patches within a dominant <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> or <i>Quercus garryana</i> forest type. Stands are separated from <i>Festuca idahoensis</i> stands by being dominated by <i>Festuca roemeri (= Festuca idahoensis var. roemeri)</i> and by the codominance of <i>Sericocarpus rigidus</i>. |
Comm #11934
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Festuca idahoensis - Carex inops ssp. heliophila Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.33740.CEGL001610
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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<i>Festuca idahoensis - Carex inops ssp. heliophila</i> Herbaceous Vegetation is found in the northern Great Plains on upland plateaus and in open areas surrounded by ponderosa pine forest. It is found on moderate slopes (5-15%) of all aspects at around 1200 m elevation. Soils tend to range from loam to sandy loam. <i>Festuca idahoensis</i> is clearly dominant, and <i>Carex inops ssp. heliophila (= Carex heliophila)</i> is constant and abundant. Also usually present are <i>Koeleria macrantha (= Koeleria pyramidata), Artemisia ludoviciana, Symphyotrichum ericoides (= Aster ericoides)</i>, and <i>Pascopyrum smithii (= Agropyron smithii)</i>. <i>Hesperostipa comata (= Stipa comata)</i> is often present but only as a minor component of the vegetation. |
Comm #11935
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Festuca idahoensis - Carex obtusata Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.33739.CEGL001611
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This dry meadow vegetation type has been described from the Bighorn Mountain of north-central Wyoming and may extend north into Montana on the Bighorns. Stands occur on a variety of soil types on upland slopes and broad ridgetops. The composition of the vegetation depends in part on soil type; graminoid cover reaches its maximum in stands on coarse-textured soils derived from granitic bedrock, and forb cover reaches its maximum in stands on finer-textured soils derived from sedimentary bedrock. <i>Festuca idahoensis</i> dominates most stands. <i>Carex obtusata</i> is the codominant or major subdominant species on coarse-textured soils derived from granitic bedrock, while <i>Lupinus sericeus</i> codominates or is subdominant on finer-textured soils derived from sedimentary bedrock. Other common species are <i>Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa secunda, Achillea millefolium, Agoseris glauca, Galium boreale</i>, and <i>Geum triflorum</i>. |
Comm #11936
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CEGL004785
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accession code: VB.CC.6293.CEGL004785
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
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Comm #11937
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CEGL004514
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accession code: VB.CC.6062.CEGL004514
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11938
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CEGL002913
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accession code: VB.CC.5170.CEGL002913
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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EcoArt 2002 |
0
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Comm #11939
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CEGL003512
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accession code: VB.CC.5508.CEGL003512
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EcoArt 2002 |
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Comm #11940
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Pinus resinosa - Pinus strobus / Corylus cornuta Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.36857.CEGL002479
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Midwestern Ecology Working Group... |
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This red pine - white pine dry-mesic forest is found in the hemi-boreal parts of the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Stands are found on a variety of slope positions on deep (>60 cm), dry-mesic to mesic, rapidly drained soils, with fine sandy to loamy soil textures. The tree canopy is evergreen to mixed evergreen-deciduous. <i>Pinus resinosa</i> and <i>Pinus strobus</i> may form a supercanopy over a mixture of other species, including <i>Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca</i>, and <i>Abies balsamea</i>. Less frequent are <i>Pinus resinosa, Populus grandidentata</i>, and <i>Thuja occidentalis</i>. Tall shrubs and saplings include <i>Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Amelanchier</i> spp. and <i>Corylus cornuta</i>. Short shrubs include <i>Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis, Lonicera canadensis</i>, and <i>Vaccinium myrtilloides</i>. <i>Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides</i> may be present in the eastern part of the range. Herbs include <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Clintonia borealis, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Pteridium aquilinum, Streptopus lanceolatus var. longipes (= Streptopus roseus)</i>, and <i>Trientalis borealis</i>. Typical mosses include <i>Pleurozium schreberi, Dicranum polysetum</i> and <i>Dicranum flagellare</i>. |
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