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Reference
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Description |
Comm #1191
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Aristida beyrichiana - Rhynchospora oligantha - Carphephorus pseudoliatris - Sarracenia (flava, leucophylla) Seepage Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32998-{AFC0E064-459B-471A-A4AA-449BA0BCC104}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This savanna or wet prairie association occurs in the western Florida Panhandle and adjacent Alabama and Mississippi. It occurs in a pine flatwoods landscape, on very gently sloping to almost level topography, and often has a scattered canopy (typically 5-10% cover) of stunted <i>Pinus palustris</i> and <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii</i>. Characteristic herbaceous species include <i>Aristida beyrichiana, Rhynchospora oligantha, Rhynchospora</i> spp., <i>Sporobolus floridanus</i> (rarely), <i>Scleria baldwinii, Carphephorus pseudoliatris, Sarracenia leucophylla, Sarracenia psittacina, Drosera tracyi, Asclepias connivens, Asclepias rubra, Rhynchospora plumosa, Eriocaulon decangulare, Eriocaulon compressum, Eriocaulon texense, Balduina uniflora, Polygala</i> spp., <i>Rhexia lutea, Sabatia macrophylla, Aletris aurea, Aletris lutea, Eryngium integrifolium, Bigelowia nudata, Xyris scabrifolia, Carex turgescens</i>, and <i>Muhlenbergia expansa</i>. Patchy shrubs include <i>Gaylussacia mosieri, Ilex glabra, Morella caroliniensis, Magnolia virginiana, Lyonia lucida, Clethra alnifolia, Hypericum</i> sp., <i>Cliftonia monophylla, Smilax laurifolia, Ilex coriacea</i>, and <i>Morella inodora</i>. |
Comm #1192
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Quercus chrysolepis – Quercus lobata / Vitis californica Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/vegbranch:commConcept:28821-{A47478A1-CA9B-4F5C-A1A6-7740B148BCE4}
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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Northern Sierra Nevada Foothills Report |
15
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Comm #1193
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Juncus effusus Seasonally Flooded Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.37579.CEGL004112
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15
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This broadly defined type represents freshwater marsh vegetation dominated by <i>Juncus effusus</i>. Additional types may be developed as more information becomes available. This vegetation may occur in natural or artificial ponds, including beaver-enhanced ones. In various parts of its broad range as currently defined, associated species may include <i>Andropogon glomeratus, Cyperus</i> spp., <i>Typha latifolia, Scirpus cyperinus, Triadenum walteri, Apios americana</i>, and <i>Galium aparine</i>. This type includes seasonally to temporarily flooded vegetation dominated or codominated by <i>Juncus effusus</i> in the central and southern Appalachians. |
Comm #1194
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Morella pensylvanica / Diodia teres Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32739-{32DF98AA-B57E-41D7-A81A-35EA4CB30E1E}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This community is a maritime shrubland dominated by <i>Morella pensylvanica</i>, occurring with <i>Baccharis halimifolia, Rhus copallinum</i>, and stunted individuals of <i>Pinus taeda, Prunus serotina, Quercus virginiana</i>, and <i>Diospyros virginiana</i>. Dense shade beneath shrubs and the frequent movement of sand in this community limit the herbaceous cover. Typical herbaceous species include <i>Ammophila breviligulata, Panicum amarum var. amarulum, Cyperus grayi, Lechea maritima, Dichanthelium acuminatum, Spartina patens, Triplasis purpurea, Cenchrus tribuloides, Chamaesyce polygonifolia, Diodia teres, Hudsonia tomentosa, Oenothera humifusa, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Rumex acetosella, Solidago sempervirens</i>, and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i>. This maritime shrubland usually occupies the intermediate areas between the very unstable oceanward portions of the dunes and the more protected backdunes, where it forms partially open to dense shrub thickets. The substrate is sand with no soil profile development, and with variable amounts of accumulated leaf litter. Where this community occupies the lee side of foredunes, greater exposure to winds and storms contributes to a shorter stature and more open aspect of the vegetation. Here there are large patches of open unvegetated or sparsely vegetated sand. This community occurs from Delaware south to northern North Carolina. |
Comm #1195
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Baccharis halimifolia - Iva frutescens / Panicum virgatum Saline Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32777-{1729BA94-050E-4ECA-9E27-7CAB021796C5}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This maritime shrubland of the eastern states occurs in association with salt marshes, occurring along the upper edges of the marsh, at the transition to uplands. <i>Iva frutescens</i> is the most characteristic and dominant shrub species, and <i>Baccharis halimifolia</i> is a common associate. Other associated shrubs include <i>Morella pensylvanica</i> in the northern portion of the range, while <i>Borrichia frutescens, Morella cerifera</i>, and <i>Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola</i> are frequent associates in the southern part of the range. <i>Spartina patens</i> is a characteristic and usually abundant grass; other common herbaceous associates include <i>Panicum virgatum, Distichlis spicata, Hibiscus moscheutos, Toxicodendron radicans, Teucrium canadense, Festuca rubra, Limonium carolinianum, Atriplex prostrata, Sabatia stellaris, Solidago sempervirens, Sabatia dodecandra</i>, and in the north <i>Hierochloe odorata</i> and <i>Juncus gerardii</i>, and in the south <i>Setaria parviflora</i>. This community often forms an abrupt transition from salt marsh to upland reflecting the relatively higher elevation and less frequent tidal flooding. Shrub cover in this situation tends to be fairly dense, and herbs are sparsely distributed. Storm-induced disturbance causes periodic die-back of the shrubs restricting the extent of their spread. |
Comm #1196
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Leiophyllum buxifolium Dwarf-shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32800-{00C1EA0A-6FB1-4FBA-963F-BB4BB1F65CB6}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This evergreen, sclerophyllous dwarf-shrubland occurs at the highest elevations in the southern Appalachian Mountains on steep, exposed slopes. It is typically found at elevations over 1770 m (5800 feet) in northwestern North Carolina. This dwarf-shrubland may occur as inclusions in other communities or as extensive mats. It is dominated by <i>Leiophyllum buxifolium</i> growing in dense mats with a krummholz structure. Occurrences of this community may have significant areas of bare rock but are at least 25% vegetated with at least 75% of the total shrub cover composed of <i>Leiophyllum buxifolium</i>. Openings in the shrub stratum may contain sparse herbaceous cover including <i>Selaginella tortipila, Zigadenus leimanthoides</i> and <i>Deschampsia flexuosa</i>. Other shrub species that may occur include <i>Rhododendron catawbiense</i> and <i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>. Mosses and lichens are also typical in more open occurrences. The largest occurrences of this shrubland are 1-2 hectares. An extreme environment with steep topography, high solar irradiation, desiccating winds in combination with shallow, nutrient-poor soils maintains this community as a topo-edaphic climax. This community often occurs adjacent to or grades into high-elevation rock outcrop communities and other montane shrublands. |
Comm #1197
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Cephalanthus occidentalis - (Eubotrys racemosa) / Carex joorii Shrub Swamp
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32921-{6FBFA822-78A5-4FAC-8DF3-A82837DC574D}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This community occurs in isolated small depressions in Piedmont upland settings, holding water much or all of the growing season and wet enough that trees are excluded from the interior or at least sparsely scattered there. The vegetation is an open mix of shrubs and herbs, with <i>Cephalanthus occidentalis</i> or <i>Eubotrys racemosa</i> generally dominating. <i>Carex joorii</i> is most typically the dominant herb, but other wetland graminoids may occur. The flora is depauperate and does not include large numbers of plants with Coastal Plain affinities. <i>Quercus phellos</i> generally occurs along the edge, and <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> or <i>Acer rubrum</i> may also be present. |
Comm #1198
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Morella (pensylvanica, cerifera) / Schizachyrium littorale - Eupatorium hyssopifolium Shrub Grassland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33075-{040C4D90-9A84-4F2D-8C99-6670DD4BAF2B}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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These mid-Atlantic maritime grasslands occur on deep well-drained sands of interdunes and backdunes. They usually occur within the influence of offshore winds and salt spray. Although highly variable in species composition, the typical expression of this community is characterized by a predominance (25-50% cover) of bunchgrasses including <i>Schizachyrium littorale, Andropogon virginicus, Panicum amarum, Ammophila breviligulata, Dichanthelium scoparium</i>, and <i>Dichanthelium acuminatum</i>. Generally one or two of these species dominate, while the others are less common. Occasionally <i>Spartina patens</i> forms the dominant graminoid cover. Shrubs of <i>Morella pensylvanica</i> and/or <i>Morella cerifera</i> are sparse and stunted <i>Baccharis halimifolia, Prunus maritima</i>, and <i>Diospyros virginiana</i> are even less frequent. Dense tangles of <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i> are very characteristic of this community as they sprawl over the bare ground and sparse vegetation. <i>Rubus argutus</i> and <i>Rhus copallinum</i> are also scattered throughout. Much of the remaining dry sands are exposed with sparsely distributed herbs. Characteristic herb species include <i>Cirsium horridulum, Solidago sempervirens, Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium, Nuttallanthus canadensis, Euthamia caroliniana, Oenothera humifusa, Oenothera oakesiana, Pityopsis falcata, Opuntia humifusa</i>, and <i>Diodia teres</i>. This association ranges from Massachusetts to North Carolina. It is related to maritime grasslands of New England and New York. Further analysis is required to determine the classification, and thus the range, with confidence. Diagnostic species are <i>Morella pensylvanica, Schizachyrium littorale, Eupatorium hyssopifolium</i>, and <i>Eupatorium rotundifolium</i>. |
Comm #1199
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Prunus ilicifolia - Fraxinus dipetala Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34073-{F067417F-F1AD-4A10-AD46-F1E4EDCCF7BD}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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Described only from the Central Coast Ranges of California, this shrubland occurs on moderate to steep north- and northeast-facing slopes with elevations between 348 and 627 m (1141-2057 feet). Stands occupy sandy soils on volcanic, fanglomerate, and igneous substrates. In this association, the overstory shrub layer is codominated by <i>Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia</i> and <i>Fraxinus dipetala</i>. The climbing vine <i>Clematis lasiantha</i> is often present, overtopping the taller shrubs. The understory herbaceous layer may include the forbs <i>Anthriscus caucalis, Galium porrigens var. porrigens, Marah fabaceus</i>, and <i>Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis</i>, and the graminoid <i>Bromus rubens</i>, |
Comm #1200
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Eupatorium serotinum - Polygonum (lapathifolium, punctatum, pensylvanicum) Riverbar Wet Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35119-{5188B47C-3C4B-4A1E-9777-B51E0DCE9FBF}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
15
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This association is known only from the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers in the Piedmont and mountain provinces of Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. Well-documented occurrences are concentrated in high-gradient reaches, particularly near the fall-line (Potomac Gorge) and Bull Falls at Harpers Ferry. The type occurs on sandy riverbanks and depositional bars, as well as in sand deposits on bedrock floodplains and boulder bars. These habitats experience high rates of sediment erosion and turnover during even moderate floods and are inundated for 3-12% of the year, but are generally exposed for most of the growing season. Vegetation may be sparse during years of more continuous high water during the growing season. In normal growing seasons, the type is a dense growth of tall (1-2 m), predominantly annual herbs. Some weedy, fast-growing perennials are also characteristic. <i>Artemisia annua, Amaranthus spinosus, Datura stramonium, Eupatorium serotinum, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum punctatum</i>, and <i>Verbena urticifolia</i> are relatively constant and generally contribute most of the cover. Additional, less constant or abundant species include <i>Dysphania ambrosioides, Conoclinium coelestinum, Hibiscus laevis, Mollugo verticillata, Perilla frutescens, Polygonum cespitosum var. longisetum, Solanum carolinense, Solanum ptycanthum, Teucrium canadense, Urtica dioica ssp. dioica, Verbena hastata</i>, and <i>Verbesina alternifolia</i>. Herbaceous vines may also be numerous, with <i>Calystegia sepium, Cynanchum laeve</i>, and <i>Cuscuta gronovii</i> most frequent. Scattered individuals of shrubby to full-sized flood-tolerant trees (e.g., <i>Platanus occidentalis, Acer saccharinum</i>) may be present. |
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