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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #131	Pinus contorta Forest Alliance » more details accession code: VB.cc.30752.PINUSCONTORTAFO	NVC 2004	114
Comm #132	Populus tremuloides - Betula papyrifera - (Acer rubrum, Fraxinus nigra) Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31375-{530ABC73-2EB9-4989-A5A9-12D80E2FC481}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	113	This aspen - birch - maple forest is found in the subboreal region of the upper midwestern United States and southern and central Canada. Sites are on level to rolling topography, and on upper slopes or plateaus or in valley bottoms. The substrate is derived from glacial outwash, lacustrine deposits, or moraines. The soil is typically deep, sandy loam to silty and well-drained to moist. This deciduous forest community has a moderately closed canopy usually dominated by <i>Populus tremuloides</i> and <i>Betula papyrifera</i>. <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Populus grandidentata</i> may be absent to dominant. Other minor components of the overstory may include <i>Abies balsamea, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Picea glauca, Quercus rubra</i>, and <i>Tilia americana</i>. Wetter conditions are indicated by <i>Fraxinus nigra</i> and <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i>. The shrub layer is approximately 2 m tall and often well-developed. The most abundant species are <i>Acer spicatum, Amelanchier</i> spp., <i>Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera</i>, and <i>Rosa acicularis</i>. Other shrubs present include <i>Lonicera canadensis, Rubus pubescens, Vaccinium angustifolium</i>, and <i>Vaccinium myrtilloides</i>. The herbaceous layer tends to contain many species. Common species are <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla, Clintonia borealis, Maianthemum canadense, Trientalis borealis</i>, and <i>Viola</i> spp.
Comm #133	Ericameria nauseosa Shrub Short Herbaceous Alliance » more details accession code: VB.cc.30677.ERICAMERIANAUSE	NVC 2004	113
Comm #134	PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII WOODLAND ALLIANCE » more details accession code: VB.CC.9314.PSEUDOTSUGAMENZ	Jennings 2003. Vegetation alliances: composition and function.	112
Comm #135	Taxodium ascendens / Panicum hemitomon - Polygala cymosa Swamp Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32600-{416477E9-E0B8-4C3D-AEB9-5EFFB4C9CAC6}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	112	This community type occurs in seasonally flooded depressional wetlands, especially in clay-based Carolina bays. The canopy is open (to closed, or scattered) and dominated by <i>Taxodium ascendens</i>. The herbaceous stratum is normally dense, and extremely variable in dominance from site to site, spatially within each site, and from year to year (depending on hydrologic conditions). Typical dominants include <i>Panicum hemitomon, Panicum verrucosum, Panicum rigidulum var. combsii, Leersia hexandra, Rhynchospora filifolia, Rhynchospora perplexa, Rhynchospora careyana, Dichanthelium erectifolium, Dichanthelium wrightianum, Scleria georgiana, Scleria reticularis, Polygala cymosa, Boltonia asteroides, Eriocaulon compressum, Lachnanthes caroliana, Eupatorium leucolepis, Pluchea rosea, Euthamia caroliniana, Rhexia aristosa</i>, and <i>Coelorachis rugosa</i>.
Comm #136	Quercus rubra - (Quercus alba) / Ilex montana / Dennstaedtia punctilobula - Lysimachia quadrifolia Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36567-{C5B3B1FA-2100-450A-90BB-15B893FE708A}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	111	This community type is known primarily from both the Northern Blue Ridge and Ridge and Valley provinces in the southern part of the Central Appalachians. Stands are restricted to elevations above 915 m (3000 feet). Prevailing aspect varies, but most examples are located on gentle to only moderately steep ridge crests and upper slopes. Soils are frequently bouldery and moderately to strongly infertile, with low base status. <i>Quercus rubra</i> is the principal dominant species in the overstory, with <i>Quercus alba</i> as a frequent but usually low-cover associate, often in a subcanopy layer. Canopy trees often exhibit stunted growth and sparse cover; the stature of these so-called "red oak orchards" reflects the harsh conditions of frequent wind and destructive ice storms. The abundance of <i>Castanea dentata</i> in the understory suggests its former importance in stands of this type. In localized stands, <i>Quercus velutina</i> or <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> share overstory dominance with <i>Quercus rubra</i>. The shrub layer is generally sparse to patchy, although a less common variant contains a dense ericaceous shrub layer. Composition of the herb layer varies considerably and usually features patch-dominance by one or more ferns and graminoids.
Comm #137	PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII WOODLAND ALLIANCE » more details accession code: VB.CC.14550.PSEUDOTSUGAMENZ	Jennings 2003. Vegetation alliances: composition and function.	110
Comm #138	Uniola paniculata - Hydrocotyle bonariensis Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32886-{8788D00C-82AA-49D1-B91D-43D94B3DD101}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	110	This dune grassland is the characteristic foredune vegetation along the southern Atlantic Coast, from the northeastern coast of Florida (Fort Matanzas National Monument) ranging northward into coastal North Carolina, east of the range of <i>Schizachyrium maritimum</i>, and north of the tropical species of southern Florida. <i>Uniola paniculata</i> is the dominant grass. Other characteristic species include <i>Hydrocotyle bonariensis, Iva imbricata, Spartina patens</i>, and <i>Ipomoea imperati</i>.
Comm #139	Acer saccharum - Betula alleghaniensis - Prunus serotina Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34695-{280D5E26-FE6A-4DA7-9309-C5AC82A46967}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	110	This northern hardwood forest of the Allegheny Plateau and central Appalachian Mountains occurs on moderate to deep, acidic to circumneutral loams or loamy sands, mesic to wet-mesic and nutrient-rich soils, on flat to moderate slopes. A thick layer of fallen leaves often occurs. In the glaciated portion of the range, this vegetation occurs on glacial tills, and in the unglaciated portion on sandstone or shale of northern slopes and high elevations. <i>Prunus serotina</i> is an important canopy component, with <i>Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis</i>, and <i>Fagus grandifolia</i>. Other associates include <i>Acer rubrum, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Betula lenta, Ostrya virginiana, Picea rubens, Pinus strobus, Quercus rubra, Tsuga canadensis</i>, and in the southern portion of this type's range, <i> Magnolia acuminata</i> and <i>Magnolia fraseri</i>. <i>Acer rubrum</i> may be the most abundant tree in stands with recent harvests. Conifers contribute less than 25% cover, in general. The shrub layer consists of <i>Acer pensylvanicum, Corylus cornuta, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex montana</i> (in the unglaciated portion of the range), <i>Lonicera canadensis, Amelanchier arborea, Viburnum acerifolium</i>, and <i>Viburnum lantanoides</i>. Herbs include <i>Dennstaedtia punctilobula, Thelypteris noveboracensis, Arisaema triphyllum, Aralia nudicaulis, Chimaphila maculata, Clintonia borealis, Lycopodium</i> spp., <i>Maianthemum canadense, Oxalis montana, Viola rotundifolia, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris intermedia, Trillium undulatum</i>, and <i>Streptopus lanceolatus var. roseus</i>.
Comm #140	Quercus rubra - Carya ovata - Fraxinus americana / Actaea racemosa - Hydrophyllum virginianum Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36578-{292768F0-62D2-465D-BDE8-8010CB654AD2}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	110	This community is known from the southern part of the Central Appalachians, extending into the extreme northern portions of the Southern Blue Ridge, Southern Ridge and Valley, and Cumberland Mountains. It occurs throughout western Virginia and adjacent eastern West Virginia, forming extensive patches on the Northern Blue Ridge and, somewhat more locally, on the higher ridges of the Ridge and Valley province. Favorable sites are upper slopes and ridge crests with deep, base-rich soils weathered from mafic and calcareous parent material, including metabasalt (greenstone), amphibolite, pyroxene-bearing granulite, charnockite, and actinolite schist. It also occurs on sites underlain by calcareous sandstone, siltstone, metasiltone, phyllite, and felsic granites with mafic clasts. Occurrences span a range of intermediate elevations, from 680-1265 m (2250-4150 feet), with a mean elevation of approximately 1000 m (3280 feet). Slopes are mostly gentle to moderate, averaging about 15°. Aspect varies considerably, but a majority of stands are located on sites with southwestern to northwestern or flat exposures. Soils are mostly dark, friable loams and silt loams with variable chemistry, but typically high in calcium, magnesium, and/or manganese. The characteristic expression of this community is that of an oak or oak-hickory forest with an herb layer that resembles that of a rich cove forest. <i>Quercus rubra</i> is the most constant member of the overstory but usually shares dominance with <i>Carya ovalis, Carya ovata, Fraxinus americana</i> or, less frequently, other mesophytic hardwoods such as <i>Tilia americana</i> (both <i>var. americana</i> and <i>var. heterophylla</i>), <i>Quercus alba, Carya cordiformis, Prunus serotina</i>, and <i>Betula lenta</i>. Both <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> and <i>Quercus montana</i>, which are ubiquitous in much of the Central Appalachians, are uncommon to rare in this community type. The subcanopy tends to be strongly dominated by <i>Carya</i> spp. and <i>Fraxinus americana</i>, with <i>Acer saccharum, Acer rubrum, Acer pensylvanicum</i>, and <i>Ostrya virginiana</i> also important in some stands. The shrub layer is typically sparse. Most stands have a lush and generally diverse herb layer, with total cover often exceeding 80% and strong patch-dominance by leafy, colonial forbs such as <i>Actaea racemosa, Ageratina altissima var. altissima, Hydrophyllum virginianum, Collinsonia canadensis, Caulophyllum thalictroides, Laportea canadensis, Impatiens pallida, Thalictrum coriaceum</i>, and <i>Asclepias exaltata</i>. At higher elevations, where the type is transitional to northern red oak forests, <i>Dennstaedtia punctilobula</i> often dominates the herb layer in large clones.