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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #1481	Pinus palustris / Quercus hemisphaerica / Gaylussacia dumosa / Aristida beyrichiana - Dyschoriste oblongifolia Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33274-{FE8A26CC-1219-4DDA-B09F-2F80D99A4317}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This subxeric, somewhat silty <i>Pinus palustris</i> woodland occurs in the middle Coastal Plain of Georgia and South Carolina. It occurs on yellow sand soils with a relatively high silt fraction. Stands are dominated by a very sparse canopy of <i>Pinus palustris</i> with a subcanopy consistently dominated by <i>Quercus hemisphaerica</i>. The herbaceous layer is very diverse and well-developed, especially compared to other xeric and subxeric types within the region. <i>Aristida beyrichiana</i> is the most abundant species in the herbaceous layer, but <i>Andropogon ternarius, Dyschoriste oblongifolia, Lespedeza virginica</i>, and <i>Symphyotrichum walteri</i> are also very constant and diagnostic. One characteristic low shrub is <i>Gaylussacia dumosa</i>.
Comm #1482	Quercus alba - Carya glabra - Fraxinus americana / Acer leucoderme / Vitis rotundifolia Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33326-{23161550-4992-4EDC-8198-06C7B655798A}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This forest occurs on mafic rocky soils with some occurrences in Piedmont "boulder gardens." There are areas with large outcrops of mafic rock that extend to 8 m in height. Topographic settings range from flats to upper slopes and ridgetops; soils are xeric to submesic. Some occurrences may have up to 40% of the surface covered by boulders with most of the rest of the surface covered by leaf litter. The relatively open to closed canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus alba, Quercus montana, Quercus rubra var. rubra</i> and <i>Carya glabra</i> with scattered <i>Fraxinus americana</i> over a well-developed, approximately 4-8 m tall, subcanopy of <i>Acer leucoderme</i>. Other species in the canopy and subcanopy include <i>Carya carolinae-septentrionalis, Chionanthus virginicus, Prunus serotina var. serotina, Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Diospyros virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Pinus echinata, Quercus marilandica, Quercus stellata, Celtis tenuifolia, Cercis canadensis</i>, and <i>Quercus velutina</i>. The vine layer is well-developed, and <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i> is common. The herbaceous layer is sparse, and the shrub stratum is sparse to not present. Other vine and herb species present are <i>Aristolochia serpentaria, Asclepias verticillata, Chimaphila maculata, Clitoria mariana, Clematis ochroleuca, Danthonia spicata, Dichanthelium boscii, Dichanthelium depauperatum, Euphorbia corollata, Galium circaezans, Lonicera sempervirens, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Piptochaetium avenaceum, Scleria triglomerata, Smilax bona-nox</i>, and <i>Smilax glauca</i>. The dominance of <i>Vitis rotundifolia </i>in the shrub layer is characteristic and distinctive.
Comm #1483	Quercus muehlenbergii - Juniperus virginiana / Schizachyrium scoparium - Manfreda virginica Wooded Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33896-{244C6608-9D4B-4A70-9C44-CEA33AC6612B}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This limestone glade or barrens community is found in the central and eastern United States. Stands occur on gentle to steep slopes of hills, knobs, ridges, bluffs along streams, and broad terraces. Aspect is variable, but this vegetation is generally best developed on southern and western exposures. Parent material is limestone, cherty limestone, dolomite, or calcareous shale which is exposed at the surface, resulting in a very shallow, well-drained substrate. Soils are neutral to alkaline, shallow to moderately deep, and contain a homogenous mixture of rock fragments of various sizes. Herbaceous cover is very uneven, ranging from very dense in some areas to absent in others. Some dominant or characteristic grasses include <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Sorghastrum nutans, Aristida</i> spp., and <i>Sporobolus compositus</i>. In deeper soil areas <i>Andropogon gerardii</i> may be present. At some sites <i>Bouteloua curtipendula</i> is present, but it may be rare or absent at others. Forbs vary in dominance by site. <i>Quercus muehlenbergii</i> and <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana</i> can form a sparse canopy. <i>Quercus stellata</i> may be common in parts of the range. Other scattered trees which may be present include <i>Cercis canadensis, Fraxinus quadrangulata, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Quercus marilandica</i>, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>. The subcanopy is absent or very sparse. Commonly encountered shrubs include <i>Celtis tenuifolia, Cornus florida, Ulmus alata, Rhus aromatica, Rhus copallinum</i>, and <i>Symphoricarpos orbiculatus</i>. This vegetation may exist as more extensive areas, or in some southeastern cases, it may be limited to a more narrow zone between vegetation dominated by woody plants and that dominated by annual grasses.
Comm #1484	Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens - Juncus canadensis Marsh » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35305-{9D15E20E-808B-41D7-9C31-6C3A62AA59F4}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This non-tidal freshwater marsh of the coastal Northeast occupies flooded depressions and swales in coastal dunes. The substrate varies from sand to peat or muck, depending on hydrological regime. Water is present most of the year and does not typically exhibit a seasonal drawdown. The vegetation is dominated by <i>Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens</i>, in association with <i>Hibiscus moscheutos, Juncus canadensis, Juncus effusus, Eleocharis erythropoda, Osmunda regalis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Thelypteris palustris</i>, and <i>Triadenum virginicum</i>. <i>Typha latifolia</i> may be present, but generally only occurs at low cover. A diverse range of other forbs may also be associated with this community.
Comm #1485	Spartina patens - Eleocharis parvula Marsh » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34988-{50A662B9-DB0F-4844-9E72-072A628E88CC}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This brackish, interdunal swale and overwash community of the northeastern Atlantic Coast occurs in low areas behind primary or secondary sand dunes. The substrate is sand with little or no organic accumulation. The water source for this wetland community is variable, including seasonally high groundwater table, salt spray, and sporadic tidal overwash, resulting in widely variable salinity levels. The dominant species is generally <i>Spartina patens</i>, but it can be <i>Eleocharis parvula, Schoenoplectus pungens, Cyperus polystachyos</i>, and/or <i>Juncus articulatus</i>. Associated species depend on salinity and hydrology and can include <i>Leptochloa fusca ssp. fascicularis, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Bolboschoenus robustus, Mikania scandens, Juncus ambiguus, Juncus scirpoides, Ptilimnium capillaceum, Rumex maritimus, Symphyotrichum subulatum, Chenopodium rubrum, Pluchea odorata, Hibiscus moscheutos, Polygonum ramosissimum, Triglochin maritima, Panicum virgatum, Bolboschoenus robustus</i>, and <i>Argentina anserina</i>. <i>Iva frutescens</i> and <i>Baccharis halimifolia</i> may occur on hummocks within the swale. Mats of blue-green and/or brown algae can proliferate across the soil surface.
Comm #1486	Carya cordiformis - Prunus serotina / Ageratina altissima Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35088-{DA010695-1504-411D-B291-825624AA3FDC}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This association is characterized by the dominance or codominance of <i>Carya cordiformis</i> on mid to high floodplain terraces. Soils are derived from alluvial deposits and consist of fine sandy loams and loamy fine sand. Codominant or associate canopy species include <i>Quercus rubra, Juglans cinerea, Prunus serotina, Ulmus americana, Fraxinus americana</i>, and <i>Acer saccharinum</i>. The canopy is usually somewhat open, occasionally closed, and about 20 m in height. The subcanopy cover is usually 20 to 30%. Composition of the subcanopy is similar to the canopy layer and may also include <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Acer saccharum</i>. The tall-shrub and short-shrub layers are usually sparse and include occasional saplings of canopy and subcanopy species, as well as scattered individuals of <i>Rosa multiflora, Lonicera morrowii, Berberis thunbergii, Rubus occidentalis</i>, and <i>Rubus flagellaris</i>. The herbaceous layer is weedy, with invasive exotic species common or dominant, including <i>Microstegium vimineum, Alliaria petiolata</i>, and <i>Glechoma hederacea</i>. Common native species include <i>Ageratina altissima var. altissima, Hydrophyllum virginianum</i>, and <i>Carex</i> spp.
Comm #1487	Elaeagnus umbellata - Cornus racemosa - Rosa multiflora - Juniperus virginiana Ruderal Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35093-{66494414-4B1F-462D-B32B-08E3B286C269}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This association comprises shrubby old fields dominated by thickets of <i>Elaeagnus angustifolia, Cornus racemosa, Viburnum prunifolium, Lonicera japonica, Lonicera morrowii, Ligustrum vulgare, Euonymus alatus, Rosa multiflora, Rhus glabra</i>, and <i>Rhus typhina</i>, with patches of herbaceous vegetation among the shrubs. Shorter shrubs include <i>Berberis thunbergii</i> and <i>Rubus</i> spp., and in some fields <i>Gaylussacia baccata, Vaccinium pallidum, Vaccinium stamineum</i>, and/or <i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i>. Small trees are often present but form &lt;25% cover; they include <i>Juniperus virginiana, Betula populifolia, Prunus virginiana, Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, Juglans nigra, Prunus serotina, Robinia pseudoacacia</i>, and <i>Fraxinus americana</i>. The herbaceous layer is variable depending on the density of shrub cover. Typical species are those associated with old fields, grasslands, and agricultural sites. Common species include <i>Solidago rugosa, Solidago gigantea, Solidago nemoralis, Monarda fistulosa, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Poa pratensis, Oxalis stricta, Viola sororia, Euthamia graminifolia, Festuca rubra, Schizachyrium scoparium, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Alliaria petiolata, Galium mollugo, Potentilla simplex, Achillea millefolium, Daucus carota, Trifolium repens, Bromus inermis, Agrostis gigantea</i>, and <i>Elymus repens</i>, among many others. Vines can be absent or dominant, sometimes covering the tall and short shrubs. Common vines are <i>Vitis aestivalis, Vitis labrusca, Toxicodendron radicans, Celastrus orbiculatus, Parthenocissus quinquefolia</i>, and <i>Lonicera japonica</i>.
Comm #1488	(Hypericum prolificum, Eubotrys racemosa) / Schizachyrium scoparium - Solidago simplex var. racemosa - Ionactis linariifolius Riverscour Sparse Vegetation » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35123-{124105D9-27B3-48F1-B896-D4BC4D66877E}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This sparse outcrop vegetation of the Potomac Gorge in Virginia and Maryland occurs on metasedimentary and intrusive igneous rock exposures that are catastrophically flood-scoured. The habitat is variable, with small pools interspersed among shaded microhabitats and exposed xeric microhabitats. The vascular vegetation generally covers &lt;5% of a given area and consists of scattered herbs and dwarfed shrubs. The most characteristic species are <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Solidago simplex var. racemosa, Dichanthelium acuminatum var. acuminatum, Ionactis linariifolius</i>, and the shrubs <i>Eubotrys racemosa</i> and <i>Hypericum prolificum</i>. Other minor, inconstant species include <i>Andropogon gerardii, Gaylussacia baccata, Juncus dichotomus, Phlox subulata, Veronicastrum virginicum, Hypericum gentianoides, Amelanchier nantucketensis</i>, and <i>Sporobolus clandestinus</i>. Small pools and potholes support inclusions of wetland species, including <i>Ludwigia alternifolia, Scirpus cyperinus, Cephalanthus occidentalis</i>, and <i>Ludwigia palustris</i>. Lichens, especially <i>Xanthoparmelia conspersa</i>, have very high cover on the rock surfaces. The bryophyte <i>Grimmia laevigata</i> is also important in areas with ephemeral seepage or surface water. This association is apparently endemic to the Potomac Gorge.
Comm #1489	Prunus pumila / Andropogon gerardii - Sorghastrum nutans Riverscour Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35148-{FE65C849-78FA-4DCF-A3B5-28DC3AFACFEB}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	These are tall rivershore wet meadows in the temperate region of the northeastern United States. They are found on sandy point bars and linear deposits along semi-stable rivershores subject to periodic flooding. Ice build-up during the winter can scour the rivershore in spring, limiting woody growth. The substrate is cobble, gravel or coarse sediment with interstices of alluvial sand and silt. Bare cobble is exposed in some areas. Herbaceous plants dominate, and may form a dense cover; scattered shrubs may grow among them, but are generally kept short by the annual flooding. Bryophytes are absent or at most sparse. The dominant plants are tall grasses such as <i>Sorghastrum nutans, Andropogon gerardii, Schizachyrium scoparium</i>, and <i>Panicum virgatum</i>. Characteristic herbs include <i>Helianthemum canadense, Helianthus divaricatus, Asclepias tuberosa</i>, and <i>Lespedeza capitata</i>. <i>Spiraea alba, Rosa virginiana, Quercus ilicifolia, Betula nigra</i>, and <i>Prunus pumila</i> are common shrubs. Other herbaceous associates include <i>Anemone virginiana, Calamagrostis canadensis, Eutrochium maculatum, Solidago rugosa, Solidago nemoralis, Solidago gigantea, Spartina pectinata, Achillea millefolium, Baptisia tinctoria, Asclepias syriaca, Dichanthelium clandestinum, Euthamia graminifolia, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Thelypteris palustris, Lycopus uniflorus, Phalaris arundinacea, Scleria triglomerata</i>, and <i>Symphyotrichum novi-belgii</i>. This association differs from more northerly riverside ice meadows in being dominated by prairie grasses (<i>Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans)</i> rather than by <i>Calamagrostis canadensis</i>.
Comm #1490	Spartina alterniflora - Distichlis spicata Tidal Salt Marsh » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35207-{AE89AC83-6A55-4F81-910F-8610CFA4D01B}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	11	This association of the mid-Atlantic represents low salt marsh vegetation dominated by the "short form" of <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> and <i>Distichlis spicata</i>, although the latter species may be somewhat less abundant. Most occurrences of this community type are located in nonriverine, mesohaline marshes subject to regular, diurnal tides. Diversity is exceedingly low. Some stands may be codominated by <i>Spartina patens</i>. Other associates may include <i>Limonium carolinianum, Solidago sempervirens</i>, and occasional succulents, including <i>Salicornia depressa, Salicornia bigelovii, Suaeda linearis</i>, and <i>Sarcocornia perennis</i>.