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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #1671	Arundinaria gigantea ssp. gigantea Wet Canebrake » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32696-{C5D92EAF-5A3C-4D0D-A6BD-DBE91D47C388}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This association is characterized by dense, often monospecific thickets of the bamboo shrub <i>Arundinaria gigantea</i> occupying large areas referred to as canebrakes. The canebrake shrubland type was historically widespread, but is now rare and occupies very little of its former acreage. It was best developed in streamside flats and alluvial floodplains on ridges and terraces where it was protected from prolonged inundation. Historically, this community covered large areas of many floodplains and streamsides in the Coastal Plain from North Carolina to Texas, Mississippi River Alluvial Plain, Interior Highlands, Interior Low Plateau, Southern Blue Ridge, Cumberland Mountains, and Western Allegheny Plateau of the southeastern United States. Stands occur on alluvial and loess soils and are often associated with bottomland hardwood forest vegetation. This association is successional and is thought to be maintained by periodic fires. It may have originated following abandonment of aboriginal agricultural fields or other natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as blow-downs and catastrophic floods. Historical accounts report cane as abundant along the Wabash and Ohio drainage systems, as well as common along larger rivers (Buffalo, White, Norfork) in the Ozarks and Ouachitas. It was also reported as common along the Red and Mississippi rivers in Louisiana, Coastal Prairie rivers in Texas, and the Black, Washita, Arkansas, Sabine, Pearl, Tombigbee, Yazoo, Savannah, and St. Mary's rivers. Large, extant canebrakes still exist and have been documented from the Ocmulgee Basin, south of Macon, Georgia. In the Cumberland Mountains and Western Allegheny Plateau, streamside flats and bottomlands were dominated by <i>Arundinaria</i>, without an overstory, or with widely scattered trees.
Comm #1672	Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus Ruderal Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32890-{3A59C4F3-39E0-4A88-AC4A-1E047CDF09E8}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This association includes herbaceous-dominated vegetation that has been anthropogenically altered and/or maintained, especially on old fields and pastures. Examples support predominately native species or a mixture of native and exotic species, one of the most dominant or characteristic species being <i>Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus</i>. <i>Schedonorus pratensis</i> can dominate fields early in the season. This is a very common and wide-ranging association that can be quite variable in terms of species composition. Additional components are other perennial grasses and herbaceous species, most with pioneer or weedy tendencies, the exact composition of which will vary with geography, management history, and habitat.
Comm #1673	Nyssa biflora - Liriodendron tulipifera - Pinus (serotina, taeda) / Lyonia lucida Swamp Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33512-{5417C528-0CF4-4757-82FB-41E1BAF4C5E1}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This streamhead swamp forest type of North and South Carolina includes very wet forests along mucky small streams in sandy terrain, which are dominated by combinations of <i>Nyssa biflora, Acer rubrum var. rubrum</i>, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> and have undergrowth of pocosin species. Pines (<i>Pinus serotina, Pinus taeda</i>) are usually present but do not dominate. In the Francis Marion National Forest, South Carolina, the understory is dominated by <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Persea palustris</i>. Prominent shrubs include <i>Ilex glabra, Lyonia lucida, Clethra alnifolia</i>, and <i>Morella caroliniensis</i>. <i>Smilax laurifolia</i> is a prominent vine. The herb layer is dominated by <i>Osmunda cinnamomea</i> and <i>Carex elliottii</i>. Though flooded occasionally by stream water, stands are also kept saturated by seepage input.
Comm #1674	Selaginella rupestris - Schizachyrium scoparium - Hylotelephium telephioides - Allium cernuum Granitic Glade Vegetation » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33759-{5398749B-E3AE-488D-A4E6-D7EF1E86A74E}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This community includes vegetation of North Carolina's upper Piedmont and Blue Ridge, and Virginia's Southern Blue Ridge, on gently to moderately sloping, low-elevation outcrops, with irregular or undulating surfaces but few crevices, and containing plants characteristic of higher pH conditions. This community occurs as small patches (approx. 5-50 acres) at elevations below 1220 m (4000 feet). Vegetation consists of shallow mats dominated by <i>Selaginella rupestris</i> and deeper grassy mats, interspersed with areas of smooth rock or rock with few crevices or fractures. This community has few deep-rooted forbs, shrubs, or trees. The flora is diverse and characterized by the presence of plants indicative of higher pH soils, such as <i>Hylotelephium telephioides, Dodecatheon meadia, Sedum glaucophyllum, Cheilanthes lanosa, Pycnanthemum curvipes, Arabis laevigata var. laevigata</i>, and <i>Penstemon canescens</i>. Graminoids in this community include <i>Danthonia sericea, Andropogon virginicus, Carex biltmoreana, Andropogon gerardii</i>, and <i>Sorghastrum nutans</i>. Woody species may be scattered, rooted in crevices or in marginal zones between exposed rock and adjacent forests. Typical woody plants include <i>Philadelphus inodorus, Philadelphus hirsutus, Chionanthus virginicus, Quercus montana, Juniperus virginiana, Fraxinus americana</i>, and <i>Physocarpus opulifolius</i>.
Comm #1675	Basalt - Conglomerate Bedrock Great Lakes Shore Sparse Vegetation » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33978-{E9C12824-B02D-4192-B154-FD094A86EF5C}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This basalt bedrock lakeshore is found along the Lake Superior shoreline of both the United States and Canada. The bedrock consists of basalts, volcanic conglomerates, and localized rhyolites. Volcanic conglomerate shores may be more species rich than basalt shores due to the presence of cracks or small cavities in the former. Wave action and ice scour action are strongest near the shore, producing a wave-washed zone almost devoid of vegetation, except for scattered patches of mosses and lichens, and pockets of herbaceous species around bedrock pools. With increasing distance above the lake, herbaceous and nonvascular plant cover increases, though still very patchy, with lichens predominating, particularly on high, dry rocks. Herbaceous species include <i>Achillea millefolium, Campanula rotundifolia, Fragaria virginiana, Sibbaldiopsis tridentata</i>, and <i>Solidago simplex</i>. Perched meadows, dominated by tufted graminoids, are found at the edge of seasonal pools. The most common meadow species are <i>Calamagrostis canadensis, Carex buxbaumii, Carex castanea, Danthonia spicata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Trichophorum cespitosum</i>, and <i>Trisetum spicatum</i>, as well as <i>Pinguicula vulgaris</i>. Lichens, mosses, and liverworts are prominent. Scattered, often stunted, woody trees and shrubs are found throughout, including <i>Abies balsamea, Amelanchier</i> spp., <i>Juniperus communis, Picea glauca, Populus tremuloides, Rubus pubescens, Shepherdia canadensis, Thuja occidentalis</i>, and <i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i>.
Comm #1676	Sporobolus neglectus - Sporobolus vaginiflorus - Trichostema brachiatum - Panicum philadelphicum - (Poa compressa) Alvar Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33998-{866EEB71-33DB-405E-80FA-E03513D8D511}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	Annual alvar pavement-grasslands occur in Ontario and New York in the central and eastern Great Lakes region on shallow soils (usually less than 10 cm deep) over flat limestone and dolostone outcrops (pavements). At some sites there is a distinctive soil moisture regime of alternating wet and dry seasons; they are often saturated in early spring and late fall, and they are subject to severe summer drought in most years (except unusually wet years). Due to the very shallow soils, and often saturated conditions during freeze-thaw cycles in early and late winter, needle ice often forms in the soils, causing frost-heaving of the shallow soils. This community typically occurs in a landscape mosaic with other alvar communities and consists of a mosaic of pavement and grassland areas dominated by characteristic native species, such as <i>Sporobolus neglectus, Sporobolus vaginiflorus, Panicum philadelphicum, Poa compressa, Oligoneuron album, Danthonia spicata, Trichostema brachiatum, Packera paupercula, Carex crawei</i>, and <i>Panicum flexile</i>. There is usually less than 10% cover of shrubs. There may be nearly equal cover of grassy vegetation, and exposed rock covered with nonvascular plants. Lichens and mosses are common on "pavement" rock outcrops that occur as patches within this mosaic.
Comm #1677	Poa pratensis - (Pascopyrum smithii) Ruderal Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34028-{C3B6FAFE-E0E1-4BE0-AAE6-3CEB7D69FEA4}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This Kentucky bluegrass type is widespread throughout the Great Plains, the midwestern United States and plains of Canada, throughout montane elevations in the Colorado Plateau and southern Rocky Mountains. Stands can occur in a wide variety of upland human-disturbed and native habitats. Stands are typically found on fine-textured, poorly drained, often alluvial or well-developed soils that are topographically situated to receive supplemental moisture, such as flat areas, swales, creek bottoms, riparian areas, moist toeslopes of upland draws and drainages. The vegetation is dominated by medium-tall (0.5-1 m) graminoids. The dominant grass is <i>Poa pratensis</i>, considered to be both a native and naturalized species from Eurasia. Other native species may occur as well, but they are generally less than 10% cover. Native species may include mixed-grass prairie grasses, such as <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i> and <i>Hesperostipa comata</i>, as well as others. Where native species are conspicuous enough to identify the native plant association that could occupy the site, the stand should be typed as such. This type includes only naturalized examples of <i>Poa pratensis</i> stands. Maintained lawns are treated as cultural types.
Comm #1678	Eriogonum pauciflorum - Gutierrezia sarothrae Badlands Sparse Vegetation » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34033-{3B551537-926A-4CE4-8723-2DCF312DB5F8}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This badlands type is found in the northwestern Great Plains, in badlands topography. In Badlands National Park, South Dakota, stands occur on eroded formations of Cretaceous Pierre shale, Oligocene Brule siltstone and Chadron clayey mudstone and shale, and Miocene Arickaree sandstone. Brule formation siltstone is often capped by Rocky Ford volcanic ash and may also contain veins of chalcedony. Soils are undeveloped, poor, loose, and easily eroded. The topography is typically flat, and stands occur on erosional outwash fans. Structurally, stands rarely exceed 10% vegetative cover (often less than 5%). On level terrain, the vegetation is relatively evenly distributed, but on steeper slopes and cliffs the vegetation may grow in patches and in rows or seams. In Badlands National Park, plant species that are nearly always present include the dwarf-shrubs <i>Eriogonum pauciflorum, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Opuntia polyacantha, Atriplex argentea, Cryptantha thyrsiflora</i>, and the forb <i>Grindelia squarrosa</i>. <i>Atriplex canescens</i> dwarf-shrubs may be observed throughout the type but are typically short-statured and scattered in distribution.
Comm #1679	Decodon verticillatus / Triadenum virginicum Wet Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34736-{CC795AAD-9CC2-469C-8B06-D3969FF0506A}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This wetland vegetation of mucky substrates occurs in southern New England. It often completely covers small seasonally flooded basins, or occurs in a patchy zone on the periphery of larger permanent water bodies. The vegetation is dominated by <i>Decodon verticillatus</i>. Although the flooding regime is typified by a longer hydroperiod than many other Coastal Plain pondshore vegetation types as evidenced by moderately deep to deep muck, water levels in dry years drop below the surface, exposing substrate supporting Coastal Plain species such as <i>Drosera intermedia, Hypericum mutilum</i>, and <i>Viola lanceolata</i>. Typical associates include <i>Triadenum virginicum, Leersia oryzoides, Lycopus uniflorus, Lycopus virginicus, Bidens connata, Lysimachia terrestris, Juncus canadensis, Galium palustre</i>, and <i>Woodwardia virginica</i>.
Comm #1680	Carex tetanica - Carex prairea - Eleocharis erythropoda - Lysimachia quadriflora Fen » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34818-{E41164B4-1916-449E-98AC-01D735D0078F}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	9	This calcareous, herbaceous community is currently documented from three sites in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. The type occurs in saturated areas on level alluvium with somewhat poorly to poorly drained soils. Vegetation is a graminoid-dominated wetland with &lt;1% cover of woody plants in high-quality stands. Key species include <i>Carex tetanica, Carex prairea, Carex interior, Carex suberecta, Carex emoryi, Eleocharis erythropoda, Hierochloe odorata, Lysimachia quadriflora, Pycnanthemum virginianum</i>, and <i>Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis</i>. A similar type may also occur in the midwestern United States.