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Description |
Comm #1691
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Pinus echinata - Quercus montana / Rhododendron minus / Vaccinium pallidum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35703-{8C753AC0-AD40-49A5-B351-813A506BC236}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This association is a mixed forest occurring in association with Tallulah Falls quartzite in the Blue Ridge/Piedmont transition of South Carolina and Georgia. It occurs on convex landforms over rocky, shallow soil and on broad, low ridges and exposed, convex slopes with southerly exposures at 490 to 610 m (1600-2000 feet) elevation. This is an open forest with a stunted canopy and scattered rock outcroppings. <i>Pinus echinata</i> and <i>Quercus montana</i> dominate the canopy, but other species may occur, including <i>Pinus rigida, Pinus virginiana, Quercus coccinea, Quercus falcata, Quercus stellata</i>, and <i>Quercus marilandica</i>. <i>Rhododendron minus</i> occurs as a tall shrub (greater than 2 m) and can be quite dense. <i>Vaccinium pallidum</i> is the dominant short shrub (less than 2 m), in areas where the <i>Rhododendron</i> is sparse or absent. Other shrubs may include <i>Vaccinium arboreum, Rhododendron maximum</i>, and <i>Kalmia latifolia</i>. <i>Smilax glauca</i> and <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i> are common vines. The herbaceous stratum is sparse, with scattered grasses and forbs, including <i>Chimaphila maculata, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Dichanthelium dichotomum, Danthonia sericea</i>, and <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i>. |
Comm #1692
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Pinus taeda - Chamaecyparis thyoides - Nyssa biflora / Lyonia lucida - Clethra alnifolia Swamp Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35750-{E8C8D4D3-AC45-409B-9DEC-1F31F7843DC8}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This type includes nonriverine swamps of the Outer Coastal Plain (embayed or tidewater region) of North Carolina, occurring on very large flats with a high water table. Soils are generally organic, such as Typic Medisaprists and Terric Medisaprists. The canopy is dominated by variable mixtures of <i>Pinus taeda, Pinus serotina, Chamaecyparis thyoides, Taxodium distichum, Taxodium ascendens, Nyssa biflora, Acer rubrum var. trilobum</i>, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>. Many examples are dominated by <i>Nyssa biflora</i>, with <i>Taxodium</i> (of ambiguous species) and <i>Pinus taeda</i> as substantial minorities in the best examples. <i>Acer rubrum</i> is common in logged examples. <i>Chamaecyparis thyoides</i> is less common, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> and <i>Pinus serotina</i> are present in small numbers in only a few examples. The subcanopy is open to dense and consists of <i>Magnolia virginiana, Persea palustris</i>, and <i>Cyrilla racemiflora</i>. The shrub layer is often well-developed, though not pocosin-like, and characteristically includes <i>Lyonia lucida, Ilex glabra, Clethra alnifolia, Cyrilla racemiflora, Vaccinium formosum</i>, and <i>Vaccinium fuscatum</i>. <i>Smilax laurifolia</i> is a liana climbing into the canopy. The herb layer is poorly developed, with <i>Woodwardia areolata, Woodwardia virginica, Carex</i> spp., and <i>Sphagnum</i> spp. |
Comm #1693
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Quercus muehlenbergii - Quercus (shumardii, stellata) / Cercis canadensis / Viburnum rufidulum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35888-{7E42447C-499B-4089-99B5-96110A0D6AED}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This chinquapin oak - mixed oak forest association is found in the inner Nashville Basin of central Tennessee and related areas of the Interior Low Plateau of Kentucky, Illinois and Indiana, and in Virginia and marginally into the southern limestone/dolomite valleys of northwestern Georgia. Stands include dry to subxeric forests of flat to rolling topography. Some stands in the Shawnee Hills may have a southerly exposure with thin loess-derived soils. The vegetation is dominated by a mixture of <i>Quercus muehlenbergii, Quercus falcata, Quercus shumardii</i>, and <i>Quercus stellata</i>, with <i>Quercus velutina</i> in smaller amounts. <i>Carya carolinae-septentrionalis, Carya glabra</i>, and <i>Fraxinus americana</i> may also be present in the canopy, which is typically somewhat open. The relatively open subcanopy contains <i>Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus quadrangulata, Ulmus alata, Ulmus serotina</i>, and <i>Celtis laevigata</i>. <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Viburnum rufidulum, Frangula caroliniana, Cercis canadensis, Ostrya virginiana, Sideroxylon lycioides, Prunus americana</i>, and <i>Prunus angustifolia</i> are present as tall shrubs or small trees. Coverage of <i>Juniperus</i> in the subcanopy may be dense in some examples, but this vegetation is treated here rather than as a mixed forest. Low shrubs include <i>Rhus aromatica, Forestiera ligustrina, Viburnum rufidulum, Hypericum frondosum, Ptelea trifoliata</i>, and <i>Symphoricarpos orbiculatus</i>. Herbs present include <i>Andropogon</i> spp., <i>Antennaria plantaginifolia, Symphyotrichum shortii, Cheilanthes lanosa, Cunila origanoides, Diarrhena americana, Dichanthelium boscii, Galium circaezans, Heuchera americana, Monarda fistulosa, Schizachyrium scoparium, Scutellaria ovata, Solidago missouriensis, Solidago sphacelata</i>, and <i>Verbesina virginica</i>. A prominent woody vine is <i>Bignonia capreolata</i>. In Tennessee's Nashville Basin, this association is found over Ordovician limestones (Lebanon, Ridley) at about 200 m elevation. This type also includes examples from slopes above limestone cliffs, e.g., bordering the Ohio River in Harrison County (southern Indiana) and possibly adjacent Kentucky (the former CEGL005020), where <i>Quercus muehlenbergii</i> is found with <i>Fraxinus americana</i> and <i>Fraxinus quadrangulata</i>. This specific example is assumed to be compatible with ~<i>Quercus muehlenbergii - Quercus (shumardii, stellata) / Cercis canadensis / Viburnum rufidulum</i> Forest (CEGL007699)$$. |
Comm #1694
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Panicum hemitomon - Pluchea (camphorata, rosea) - Ludwigia spp. Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35979-{0C6C3BFE-21A9-4388-BB76-04DE4E0B9266}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This vegetation represents ponds, or zones of ponds, dominated by <i>Panicum hemitomon</i> and various perennial grasses and forbs in the East Gulf Coastal Plain and adjacent ecoregions. This broadly defined association was described to cover shallow ponds (or shallow zones of variable ponds) of the East Gulf Coastal Plain, including limesink ponds and other types. <i>Pluchea</i> spp. (<i>Pluchea camphorata, Pluchea rosea</i>) are characteristic. Other characteristic species include <i>Saccharum</i> spp., <i>Scirpus cyperinus, Dichanthelium</i> spp., <i>Panicum</i> spp., and <i>Rhynchospora</i> spp. in outer zones of shorter hydroperiod, and shorter-stature graminoids and forbs such as <i>Centella erecta, Ludwigia</i> spp., <i>Xyris</i> spp., <i>Hydrocotyle</i> spp., <i>Eleocharis</i> spp., and <i>Juncus</i> spp. in zones of longer hydroperiod. Some stands may contain <i>Woodwardia virginica</i>. |
Comm #1695
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Pinus echinata - (Quercus stellata, Quercus marilandica) / Schizachyrium scoparium - Salvia urticifolia Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36553-{976B9019-10B6-44B4-AA40-4832017A9217}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This upper Piedmont association occurs on moderate to steep slopes over soils derived from mafic rock. Bedrock is often visible at the surface. The canopy is typically open but can be closed in some occurrences. The canopy is dominated by <i>Pinus echinata</i>. Other canopy species may include <i>Quercus stellata, Quercus marilandica, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Carya glabra, Carya pallida</i>, and <i>Pinus virginiana</i>. Members of the characteristically open shrub layer include <i>Vaccinium arboreum, Chionanthus virginicus, Diospyros virginiana, Prunus serotina, Gaylussacia dumosa, Vaccinium pallidum</i>, and <i>Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides</i>. The diverse and typically dense herbaceous stratum may include mafic rock indicators such as <i>Cirsium carolinianum, Oligoneuron album, Salvia urticifolia, Tragia urticifolia, Silphium compositum</i>, and <i>Liatris squarrosa</i>, along with <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Pteridium aquilinum, Tephrosia virginiana, Euphorbia corollata, Eryngium yuccifolium var. yuccifolium, Scleria oligantha, Coreopsis major, Pityopsis graminifolia, Symphyotrichum patens, Danthonia sericea, Dichanthelium dichotomum, Eupatorium album, Iris verna, Liatris pilosa, Linum striatum, Monarda fistulosa, Parthenium integrifolium var. integrifolium</i>, and <i>Viola pedata</i>. |
Comm #1696
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Quercus prinus - Quercus velutina / Oxydendrum arboreum - Cornus florida Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36582-{5A16F20B-187A-4773-9CBE-BB6BCBEE3E18}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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Comm #1697
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Quercus chrysolepis - Pinus ponderosa Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36654-{9CC37507-979A-45CB-9180-86E4943ED134}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This forest association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. Stands of this forest are found at low to mid elevations (580-1860 m [1900-6100 feet]) on mesic to submesic sites. These sites are typically on linear, undulating, convex- and concave-shaped slopes with southern to northern aspects and are often on steep slopes (27-45°). Soils tend to be shallow to well deep with textures ranging from rocky, gravelly sand to clay loam from metamorphic and granitic parent material. Drainage is well-drained to rapidly drained. Litter cover is high, as is disturbance by invasion of exotics. Stands of this forest form a three-story structure with 20-70% cover. The emergent nature of the <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> over a denser canopy of <i>Quercus chrysolepis</i> is evident in all stands sampled. The open to intermittent tree layer is dominated by <i>Quercus chrysolepis</i> and <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> although <i>Quercus kelloggii</i> and <i>Pinus lambertiana</i> are also important. <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus attenuata, Calocedrus decurrens</i>, and <i>Abies lowiana</i> are occasionally present in this association. The shrub layer is often open with predominantly <i>Chamaebatia foliolosa</i> and <i>Toxicodendron diversilobum</i>. The herb layer is open to continuous with mostly <i>Galium bolanderi</i> and <i>Asarum hartwegii</i>, however, a variety of other understory species may be found contributing to minor cover. |
Comm #1698
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Schinus molle - Schinus terebinthifolius - Myoporum laetum Ruderal Woodland Alliance
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:38616-{CAD864B2-07FF-423D-8293-F2973D24FC88}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This alliance consists of groves of escaped or naturalized cultivars of <i>Schinus molle, Schinus terebinthifolius</i>, or <i>Myoporum laetum</i>. These trees are evergreen with aromatic compound leaves and are considered invasive in California. All are common ornamentals that have escaped from cultivation. Birds disperse the colored fruits allowing seedlings to establish in wildland vegetation. This alliance is found in California in coastal canyons, washes, slopes, riparian areas, and roadsides, between 185 and 300 m elevation. Both <i>Schinus</i> species grow well in dry, nutrient soils and are tolerant of air pollution. <i>Schinus molle</i> may not form naturalized stands away from cultivation. <i>Myoporum laetum</i> frequents disturbed coastal habitats. |
Comm #1699
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Abies concolor / Acer grandidentatum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29150-{21765ACC-6A6B-483D-B164-6A95F4DA7AF3}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
9
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This forest association has been reported from mountains in Utah, New Mexico and Arizona along the Mogollon Rim north into the high plateaus and Wasatch Range of Utah. Elevation ranges from 1525-2590 m (5000-8500 feet). This mesic community generally occurs on steep, lower slopes and benches with northern aspects and in narrow canyons and ravines. Soils are generally deep, well-drained, coarse and fine-textured alluvium. <i>Abies concolor</i> and <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> codominate the upper tree canopy with the subcanopy or tall-shrub layer dominated by <i>Acer grandidentatum, Quercus gambelii</i>, and <i>Acer negundo</i>. <i>Pinus strobiformis, Pinus ponderosa, Populus tremuloides</i>, and <i>Juglans major</i> may also be present. The short-shrub layer is variable. The herbaceous layer is moderately dense and may include <i>Carex siccata, Bromus ciliatus var. ciliatus, Bromus ciliatus var. richardsonii, Koeleria macrantha, Thalictrum fendleri</i>, and <i>Aquilegia chrysantha</i>. This association transitions to ~<i>Abies concolor / Quercus gambelii</i> Forest (CEGL000261)$$ in drier uplands and to riparian types adjacent to streams. |
Comm #1700
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Rosa californica Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegtwig.vegbank.org:commconcept:416-{D7CC80CD-0893-48D8-8B84-772CA7FB47BA}
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MCV2 |
9
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63.907.02 |
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