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Comm #1811	Thuja occidentalis - Betula alleghaniensis Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31358-{7CF6FB23-949A-49A8-814B-EE78A9469EF9}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This upland white-cedar - hardwood forest is found in the northern Great Lakes region of the United States and portions of central Canada, and occasionally eastward into northern New England. Stands occur on well-drained to somewhat poorly drained upland soils. The soil is typically moderately acidic sandy clay with a thin litter layer. The canopy of this community is dominated by <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> and a variety of hardwoods, most typically <i>Betula alleghaniensis, Betula papyrifera</i>, and <i>Populus tremuloides</i>, but occasionally <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Acer saccharum</i>. Associated conifers include <i>Abies balsamea, Picea glauca</i>, and, rarely, <i>Tsuga canadensis</i>. The understory usually contains a well-developed shrub/sapling layer, including <i>Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis, Ribes triste, Rubus pubescens</i>, and <i>Taxus canadensis</i>. Herbaceous species include <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla, Clintonia borealis, Coptis trifolia, Cornus canadensis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Galium triflorum, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Lycopodium</i> spp., <i>Maianthemum canadense, Mitella nuda, Onoclea sensibilis</i>, and <i>Trientalis borealis</i>. Moss species include <i>Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus</i>, and others. Diagnostic features include the mixed dominance of <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> and hardwoods, particularly <i>Betula alleghaniensis</i>, in an essentially upland site type.
Comm #1812	Populus tremuloides - Betula papyrifera / (Abies balsamea, Picea glauca) Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31374-{01210B59-470A-41F3-8B85-A2B2FA98252F}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This aspen - birch boreal hardwoods forest type is found in the boreal regions of the midwestern United States and in central Canada. Sites occupy a variety of topographic positions, including ridgetops and gentle to moderate upper, mid, and lower slopes. The soils are deep, well-drained to rapidly drained mineral soils (dry to mesic soils). Soil textures are usually clay loamy but can be silt or fine sand. This community is dominated by deciduous trees, with a moderate amount of conifers (&lt;25%). The canopy is dominated by <i>Betula papyrifera</i> and <i>Populus tremuloides</i>, and occasionally <i>Populus grandidentata</i>. Conifer associates include <i>Abies balsamea</i> and <i>Picea glauca</i>, either in the canopy or, more characteristically, in the subcanopy. <i>Abies balsamea</i> and <i>Picea glauca</i> are abundant in the sapling layer. Common shrubs include <i>Acer spicatum, Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis, Lonicera canadensis, Rosa acicularis, Rubus pubescens, Sorbus decora</i>, and <i>Vaccinium myrtilloides</i>. The herbaceous stratum is sometimes dominated by <i>Eurybia macrophylla</i>, but can include a diversity of forbs, such as <i>Anemone quinquefolia, Aralia nudicaulis, Clintonia borealis, Cornus canadensis, Galium triflorum, Maianthemum canadense, Mitella nuda, Pteridium aquilinum, Streptopus lanceolatus var. longipes, Trientalis borealis</i>, and <i>Viola renifolia</i>. Mosses include <i>Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis</i>, and <i>Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus</i>. Diagnostic features of this type are the dominance by the combination of <i>Populus tremuloides</i> and <i>Betula papyrifera</i>, boreal conifer associates (but very little <i>Picea mariana</i> or <i>Pinus banksiana</i>), and lack of more southern hardwoods (such as <i>Acer saccharum</i>).
Comm #1813	Arctostaphylos patula - Quercus gambelii - (Amelanchier utahensis) Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31603-{892369A9-EF6D-4CFD-98DE-C1F05B27AB22}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This tall shrubland is known only from southern Utah, from Zion and Bryce Canyon national parks. This shrubland occurs on gentle to steep slopes of mesas and high-elevation plateaus, from 1829 to 2109 m (6000-6919 feet). It occurs at all aspects on mostly well-drained sandy loam soil. Stands of this association are common and widespread in Zion National Park and less common in Bryce Canyon National Park. <i>Arctostaphylos patula</i> and <i>Quercus gambelii</i> codominate, each with cover ranging from 5 to 50%. Other shrubs occur with less than 10% cover and include <i>Mahonia fremontii, Mahonia repens, Cercocarpus montanus, Ceanothus martinii, Amelanchier utahensis, Symphoricarpos oreophilus, Quercus turbinella</i>, and <i>Ericameria nauseosa</i>. The herbaceous layer provides sparse cover and includes grasses, such as <i>Poa fendleriana, Bouteloua gracilis, Leymus salinus</i>, and <i>Sporobolus cryptandrus</i>, and forbs <i>Maianthemum stellatum, Physaria chambersii</i>, and <i>Stenotus armerioides</i>. A few emergent trees are often present near this community and include <i>Pinus edulis, Juniperus scopulorum</i>, and <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i>, both as large trees and as saplings.
Comm #1814	Pinus monophylla - Juniperus osteosperma / Quercus turbinella Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31843-{699C8B79-B686-47CD-847E-7BD63205DEE1}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This association is known from Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada, Mojave National Preserve, California, and Zion National Park, Utah. The following description is based on occurrences at Zion National Park. Additional global information will be added as it becomes available. In this association, <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i> and <i>Pinus monophylla</i> codominate with 20-60% cover. Tree canopy height averages 5 m. <i>Quercus turbinella</i>, with cover of 5-50%, dominates or codominates the shrub layer with a mixture of shrubs. Other shrubs that are commonly well represented are <i>Amelanchier utahensis, Arctostaphylos patula</i>, and <i>Cercocarpus montanus</i>. Shrubs that may be present with less cover are <i>Arctostaphylos pungens, Purshia stansburiana, Purshia tridentata, Fraxinus anomala</i>, and <i>Quercus gambelii</i>. Subshrubs <i>Gutierrezia sarothrae, Opuntia</i> spp., and <i>Yucca</i> spp. are usually present with minimal cover. Herbaceous cover is minimal and inconsistent. The most commonly found forbs and graminoids are <i>Heterotheca villosa, Arenaria fendleri, Penstemon</i> spp., <i>Bromus tectorum</i>, and <i>Poa fendleriana</i>. This association occurs at elevations of 1220 to 1830 m (4000-6000 feet) on gentle to moderately steep colluvial slopes and hillsides throughout the western side of the park. Slope aspect is generally eastern to southern. Some sites with northern aspects have been documented in Zion Canyon. Soils are sandy loam.
Comm #1815	Bromus tectorum Ruderal Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31919-{044C9D25-6BEA-4B72-A533-A4364F11ACA7}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This herbaceous vegetation type is found throughout much of the intermountain western and southwestern U.S. It occurs most often after disturbance of a natural shrub- or grass-dominated community that results in the replacement of the natural vegetation by non-native, annual grass species of <i>Bromus</i>. <i>Bromus tectorum</i> typically dominates the community with over 80-90% of the total vegetation cover, making it difficult to determine what natural community was formerly present. This vegetation also includes grasslands dominated or codominated by other Eurasian introduced annual <i>Bromus</i> species such as <i>Bromus hordeaceus, Bromus madritensis, Bromus arvensis, Bromus diandrus ssp. rigidus</i>, or <i>Bromus rubens</i>. It is distinct from the annual <i>Bromus</i> communities found along the Pacific coast typical of the Mediterranean or maritime climates. Sites are variable as it occurs on a wide variety of semi-arid landscapes. Elevation ranges from near sea level to 2200 m. In the Great Basin, <i>Bromus tectorum</i> grasslands have invaded large areas of burned-over sagebrush steppe. <i>Bromus tectorum</i> increases the fire frequency of steppe communities, which eventually eliminates sagebrush.
Comm #1816	Pinus serotina / Morella cerifera / Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis Swamp Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32541-{CEB91E5E-E6C3-4CD6-8398-2E75731A28DA}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This natural community is found on the margins of large peat domes and with some tidal or nutrient-rich groundwater influence. It occurs with associated tidal wetlands in riverine systems and bay shores in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina, south to approximately Carteret County, North Carolina. The open canopy is dominated by <i>Pinus serotina</i>. The shrub layer is characteristically dominated by <i>Morella cerifera</i>, with <i>Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Osmunda cinnamomea</i>, and <i>Woodwardia virginica</i>. Other characteristic species include <i>Acer rubrum var. trilobum, Ilex glabra</i>, and <i>Juncus roemerianus</i>.
Comm #1817	Cephalanthus occidentalis » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/vegbranch:commConcept:28573-{32A0A830-045F-43B4-8A4C-63EDBC06878E} NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	CDFW Natural Communities List	8
Comm #1818	Juniperus californica Wooded Shrubland Alliance » more details accession code: VB.CC.19093.JUNIPERUSCALIFO	Western Ecology Working Group of...	8	This woodland alliance of the Mojave Desert, southern California, and the Baja Peninsula, grows on ridges, slopes and valleys on soils derived from bedrock or alluvium. Annual precipitation totals are quite low, varying from 20-40 cm. The precipitation is strongly seasonal, with the bulk falling between November and April. Stands are found from 1000-2450 m elevation. This semi-arid and desert woodland is dominated by Juniperus californica. Other trees present may include Quercus turbinella, Yucca brevifolia, Pinus quadrifolia, and Pinus monophylla. An open or intermittent shrub layer may include Artemisia tridentata, Coleogyne ramosissima, Yucca whipplei, Yucca schidigera, Ephedra spp., Purshia stansburiana (= Purshia mexicana var. stansburiana), and Lepidospartum squamatum. The herbaceous layer is sparse or dominated by graminoids.
Comm #1819	Quercus muehlenbergii - Carya carolinae-septentrionalis / Acer (floridanum, leucoderme) / Croton alabamensis Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32620-{C0E21F60-752E-4BAB-912A-D88B7F0A05FA}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This association covers woodlands over Ketona dolomitic limestone, in Bibb County, Alabama, associated with Bibb County glades. Dominant species of the open (though variable) canopy are <i>Quercus muehlenbergii, Carya carolinae-septentrionalis</i>, and <i>Quercus alba</i>, with other species including <i>Quercus shumardii, Quercus sinuata</i> (which may be in any woody stratum), <i>Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Gleditsia triacanthos, Ulmus rubra</i>, and <i>Tilia americana var. caroliniana</i>. In addition, <i>Quercus velutina, Fraxinus quadrangulata, Ulmus alata, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda, Pinus echinata, Carya glabra</i>, and <i>Carya pallida</i> may be present in some examples. Dominant understory trees may include <i>Ostrya virginiana, Ulmus rubra, Acer floridanum, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Acer leucoderme</i>, and <i>Cercis canadensis</i>. Other members of this stratum may include <i>Ulmus alata, Carya glabra, Tilia americana var. caroliniana, Viburnum rufidulum, Amelanchier arborea, Aesculus pavia, Cornus florida, Magnolia acuminata</i>, and <i>Diospyros virginiana</i>. Dominant shrubs include <i>Croton alabamensis var. alabamensis, Forestiera ligustrina</i>, and <i>Rhus aromatica var. aromatica</i>. Other shrubs include <i>Acer leucoderme, Asimina parviflora, Callicarpa americana, Celtis laevigata, Celtis tenuifolia, Chionanthus virginicus, Cladrastis kentukea, Euonymus atropurpureus, Frangula caroliniana, Hydrangea arborescens, Hypericum frondosum, Philadelphus hirsutus, Prunus americana, Ptelea trifoliata, Quercus sinuata, Sideroxylon lycioides</i>, and <i>Viburnum rufidulum</i>. The characteristic species <i>Croton alabamensis var. alabamensis</i> is locally dominant and may form dense thickets in the shrub stratum. <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i> and <i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia</i> are common vines. Some other vines include <i>Bignonia capreolata, Vitis rotundifolia, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax rotundifolia, Cocculus carolinus, Matelea</i> sp., <i>Clematis glaucophylla</i>, and <i>Vitis vulpina</i>. Herbs are very sparse in this community, as the soils are shallow and rocky. Some more abundant herbs may include <i>Chasmanthium latifolium, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Dichanthelium boscii, Solidago auriculata, Solidago caesia, Ageratina altissima, Hexastylis arifolia</i>, and <i>Viola walteri</i>. Additional herbs may include <i>Conoclinium coelestinum, Packera obovata, Mitchella repens, Epigaea repens, Verbesina occidentalis, Verbesina virginica, Polygala boykinii, Euphorbia pubentissima, Solidago auriculata, Galium circaezans, Galium obtusum ssp. filifolium, Lithospermum canescens, Symphyotrichum shortii, Symphyotrichum undulatum, Scutellaria incana var. punctata, Sedum nevii, Asplenium resiliens</i>, and <i>Pellaea atropurpurea</i>.
Comm #1820	Schoenoplectus pungens - (Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis) Tidal Marsh » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33031-{C06F7C59-70EF-4440-808A-1789A47595F7}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	8	This type occurs in North Carolina along margins of estuaries, or drowned rivers and creeks, in upper tidally influenced areas, where salt is essentially absent even during the highest tides. These peaty, oligohaline marshes (salt 0.5-5 ppt) are dominated by <i>Schoenoplectus pungens</i>, sometimes with <i>Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis</i> as codominant.