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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #1941	Populus angustifolia / Salix ligulifolia - Shepherdia argentea Riparian Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29564-{FC091A1D-C3BF-41A3-8E86-3A2136CC633B}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This riparian woodland has an extremely limited distribution in western Colorado. Historically, it was more widespread and common in broad river valleys. Overutilization by livestock and alterations in the river flow regime have caused a decline in its distribution. Stands have an open, broad-leaved deciduous tree canopy dominated by <i>Populus angustifolia</i> with a broad-leaved deciduous shrub layer codominated by <i>Salix ligulifolia</i> and <i>Shepherdia argentea</i>.
Comm #1942	Pinus monophylla - Juniperus osteosperma / Sparse Understory Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29738-{8A64886B-873E-4B2F-BAD8-9BB77F161A29}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This widespread woodland association is known from the Great Basin and northern Mojave Desert. Elevations normally range from 1370-2135 m (4500-7000 feet). Stands occur on flat to moderately sloping sites on all aspects. The soils are variable, but typically shallow and lithic. Litter from trees often covers about half the ground surface. Cover of rock, pavement or bare ground may also be significant depending on the site. The vegetation is characterized by an open to moderately dense tree canopy (10-40% cover) dominated by <i>Pinus monophylla</i> without a significant understory. <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i> may be present to codominant. Shrub cover, if present, is sparse (&lt;10% cover). <i>Artemisia tridentata, Purshia tridentata</i>, and <i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus</i> are most consistent. Other shrubs include <i>Amelanchier</i> spp., <i>Eriogonum microthecum, Cercocarpus montanus, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Purshia tridentata, Quercus gambelii, Quercus turbinella</i>, and species of <i>Opuntia</i>. Herbaceous cover is typically sparse and dominated by perennial graminoids with scattered forbs.
Comm #1943	Artemisia tridentata - Atriplex confertifolia Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29902-{59A0C317-EFD5-471F-8F28-967269003BF4}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This sagebrush shrubland occurs in the northwestern Great Plains and adjacent basins and mountains of the western United States, especially in badlands regions. Stands occur on shallow to deep soils with a comparably wide range of textures. Soils are derived from sandstone and shale sedimentary formations, including those with a calcareous composition, and they tend to have both high pH (7.6-8.4) and conductivity. This type is apparently not restricted by slope or aspect, occurring on both alluvial fans/terraces and highly eroded badlands with steep slopes (&gt;80%). The known elevational range is from approximately 915-1435 m (3000-4700 feet). The visual aspect of this association, especially where it occurs on badlands and eroded surfaces, is often that of a depauperate shrubland, often with less than 25% cover. <i>Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis</i> and <i>Atriplex confertifolia</i> constitute from 5-25% combined cover, with <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> strongly dominant. In the Bighorn Basin and Bighorn Sedimentary Mountains Sections of Montana, other shrubs with greater than 50% constancy (but &lt;5% canopy cover) include <i>Atriplex nuttallii, Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Krascheninnikovia lanata</i>, and <i>Ericameria nauseosa</i>. Subshrubs <i>Eriogonum brevicaule</i> and <i>Eriogonum pauciflorum</i> are relatively constant on a regional basis. There is little consistency to the composition of the herbaceous layer, which varies from site to site across the region. The graminoids constitute the next most abundant component, but their combined cover usually does not exceed 5%; those grasses with the highest constancy are <i>Achnatherum hymenoides, Hesperostipa comata</i>, and <i>Aristida purpurea</i>. <i>Phlox hoodii, Sphaeralcea coccinea</i> and <i>Opuntia polyacantha</i> appear to have the highest constancy values, but seldom exceed 1% cover.
Comm #1944	Quercus gambelii - Cercocarpus montanus / (Carex geyeri) Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30022-{41701F27-8FD1-4B7E-8F0E-56A411A062D1}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This mixed montane shrubland is reported from foothills, mountains and mesatops in western Colorado and Utah. Stands occur on gentle, moderate and steep slopes. Aspect varies with elevation with low-elevation stands restricted to more mesic northern and eastern aspects, and higher elevation stands occurring on southern and western aspects. Substrates are typically shallow and rocky, derived from sandstone and shale parent materials, and range from sandy- to clayey-textured soil. The vegetation is characterized by a moderately dense to dense thicket of tall (2-5 m) deciduous shrubs (on unstable, eroding or talus slopes the shrub canopy may be open). Codominance of <i>Quercus gambelii</i> and <i>Cercocarpus montanus</i> (at least 10% cover of each) is diagnostic of this plant association, but <i>Amelanchier utahensis</i> is often also abundant to codominant. Low cover of other mixed shrub associates is common. <i>Arctostaphylos patula, Arctostaphylos pungens, Artemisia tridentata, Fendlera rupicola, Fraxinus anomala, Peraphyllum ramosissimum, Physocarpus monogynus, Purshia tridentata, Prunus virginiana, Rhus trilobata, Rosa woodsii, Quercus turbinella, Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i>, and <i>Yucca</i> spp. may be present depending on geography. Occasional <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i> and <i>Pinus edulis</i> trees may also be present. The herbaceous layer is generally sparse because of the dense overstory, but <i>Carex geyeri</i> may provide low to moderate cover.
Comm #1945	Salix planifolia / Calamagrostis canadensis Wet Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30134-{57D17ED9-12FF-43DD-A5D5-0A148438B257}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This riparian shrubland association occurs in the upper montane-subalpine zone in the southern Rocky Mountains, Uinta Mountains and Big Horn Mountains of north-central Wyoming, northeastern Utah, and Colorado. This high-elevation wetland plant association usually occurs in broad, glacial valleys at elevations of 2430-3500 m (7960-11,475 feet) where direct snowmelt is the primary moisture source throughout the growing season. <i>Salix planifolia</i> forms a moderately dense to dense shrub layer with 40-90% cover. Other willow species that may be present include <i>Salix brachycarpa</i> and <i>Salix wolfii</i>. <i>Calamagrostis canadensis</i> dominates the dense and sometimes species-rich herbaceous layer. Several <i>Carex</i> spp. can also be present, including <i>Carex utriculata, Carex microptera</i>, and <i>Carex aquatilis</i>. The forb layer can be diverse but generally has &lt;10% total cover. Forb species can include <i>Caltha leptosepala, Cardamine cordifolia, Pedicularis groenlandica</i>, and <i>Mertensia ciliata</i>.
Comm #1946	Sporobolus airoides Monotype Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30597-{44E0B294-A66A-4547-AA5B-8969722554BE}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This herbaceous association is currently known from the Mojave Desert of California, El Malpais National Monument in New Mexico and Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in Colorado. The following description is based on occurrences in New Mexico and Colorado. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. At El Malpais, this association occurs between 1950 and 1960 m (6410-6430 feet) in elevation in swales and broad, shallow drainages in gently rolling, old lava plateaus. A prairie dog colony is present at one location, with the attendant soil disturbance and vegetation cropping. At Great Sand Dunes, it generally occurs on valley floors but can be found on sandsheets and bolsons. Elevations range from 2300 to 2335 m. Terrain is flat and stands can be intermittently flooded. Soils are somewhat to moderately drained silt, sandy loam, or loamy sand and derived from alluvial deposits. Bare soil is the dominant ground surface cover ranging from 0-88%. Many of the surveyed stands have experienced heavy grazing by bison, cattle and elk. Total herbaceous vegetation ranges from 35-85% and is dominated by graminoid species. <i>Sporobolus airoides</i> is abundant to luxuriant (up to 40% relative cover) and typically the dominant species in these monotypic grasslands. Species richness is moderately high, but few species have significant cover or are found consistently across all surveyed stands. <i>Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis</i> and <i>Cleome serrulata</i> are the only two other species that occur in the majority of the stands at Great Sand Dunes, but have low cover. At El Malpais, other species are present, but not abundant; they include <i>Tamarix ramosissima</i> and <i>Cylindropuntia imbricata</i>, among others.
Comm #1947	Carex scopulorum - Caltha leptosepala Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30732-{59EE07A5-ED5E-4278-9AD4-BBEAF2659B2E}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This Rocky Mountain alpine to subalpine association occurs in wet meadows and fens. Stands occur on level to gently sloping marshy areas adjacent to streams or melting snow fields, often at the headwaters of creeks. Stream channels are moderately steep (Rosgen's Channel Type: B3). Soils are saturated and generally poorly drained. Organic content varies from a thin layer to 15 cm of peat and duff, and may overlie a meter of muck. Soil textures range from clay to sandy clay loam to loam with mottles present near the surface to Histic Epipedons overlying clay loam. Parent materials are typically alluvium. Vegetation is characterized by a moderately dense to dense herbaceous cover strongly dominated by <i>Carex scopulorum</i> and codominated by <i>Caltha leptosepala</i>. A few other graminoids that can be abundant, but are not consistently present in all stands, include <i>Agrostis humilis, Carex aquatilis, Carex illota, Carex jonesii, Carex nigricans, Carex vernacula, Deschampsia cespitosa</i>, and <i>Eleocharis quinqueflora</i> with 0-30% cover. If present, <i>Elymus trachycaulus</i> has low cover. Other common forbs include <i>Epilobium hornemannii, Ligusticum filicinum, Saxifraga odontoloma, Packera dimorphophylla, Pedicularis groenlandica, Polygonum bistortoides</i>, and <i>Rhodiola rhodantha</i>.
Comm #1948	Eleocharis quinqueflora - Carex scopulorum Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30746-{6427BD76-1726-42F0-A7A4-236BC2125A0C}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This association has been described from the Sierra Nevada in the vicinity of Lake Tahoe and Yosemite National Park. Stands of this association are found along streams or in the wetter parts of meadows between 2100 and 3200 m (6900-10,500 feet) elevation. Aspect is not diagnostic for the type as slopes are very gentle to flat. Soils are poorly drained and have high organic content. Vegetation cover often exceeds 80% and is dominated by graminoid species. Either <i>Eleocharis quinqueflora</i> or <i>Carex scopulorum</i> may be dominant, or they may be codominant.
Comm #1949	Dryas octopetala - Polygonum viviparum Alpine Dwarf-shrub Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30803-{91A71CFD-9804-49DD-8043-2152CF8A1961}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This association is a minor type that has been substantiated from throughout the alpine of southwestern, northwestern and central Montana, and is likely to occur as far north as Canada's Jasper National Park and south to Colorado's Front Range. This is an alpine, fell-field association, ranging in elevation from 2070 to over 3000 m (6790-9840 feet). It is found on gentle to steep slopes with all but southerly aspects. Parent materials include a wide range of sedimentary rock with limestone and siltstone (argillite) predominating. Soils are typically sandy clay derived from limestone (or other calcareous substrate) and quartzite. Gravel content of soil ranges from 5-30%. Soil moisture content during the growing season is high. Disturbance from solifluction, slumps, and earthflows is common. This <i>Dryas octopetala</i> type is more mesic than others currently described, which is attributable to exposures with less solar insolation, placements in the landscape receiving less wind and greater snow deposition and duration. A dwarf-shrub layer dominates the vegetation cover of this community. <i>Dryas octopetala</i> forms mats that range from 30-80% in cover. Dwarf <i>Salix</i> spp. can be common to codominant, including <i>Salix reticulata, Salix arctica</i>, or <i>Salix nivalis</i>. The herbaceous layer is sparse (&lt;20% cover) and is dominated by the forbs <i>Polygonum viviparum, Polygonum bistortoides, Zigadenus elegans</i>, and <i>Oxytropis borealis var. viscida</i>. Forb diversity in the Glacier National Park occurrences is high, with over 100 species represented in 30 plots, and its cover generally exceeds that of the graminoids. Graminoid cover is low (&lt;10%) and mostly composed of <i>Carex elynoides, Carex rupestris, Carex albonigra, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Kobresia myosuroides</i>, and <i>Festuca brachyphylla</i>. Moss and lichen cover is high on some plots (&gt;50%). Diagnostic of this alpine association is a dwarf-shrub layer dominated by <i>Dryas octopetala</i> with <i>Polygonum viviparum</i> dominant in the herbaceous layer.
Comm #1950	Aristida beyrichiana - Rhynchospora spp. - Pleea tenuifolia - Sarracenia (psittacina, flava) Seepage Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32997-{55A959C8-47E7-4BE8-9245-98679EA2E845}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	7	This type represents one of two described phases of wet prairie or open savanna which are endemic, or nearly so, to the Apalachicola National Forest. This type has been referred to as the "<i>Pleea</i> phase" and is presumably wetter and found on sandier soils. While both types are dominated by <i>Aristida beyrichiana</i>, this type may be distinguished by the a greater relative abundance of <i>Pleea tenuifolia, Sarracenia psittacina</i>, and <i>Sarracenia flava</i>. <i>Verbesina chapmanii</i> is lacking from this type. A rich herbaceous layer is present, among which <i>Ctenium aromaticum</i> is an abundant grass. An emergent layer of <i>Hypericum</i> spp. may be present depending upon time since fire.