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Reference
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Description |
Comm #1971
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Quercus falcata - Quercus stellata - Carya tomentosa / Vaccinium spp. Coastal Plain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35515-{2F45A2E4-ADD1-4C27-96EE-D1B7E9D22122}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This forest occurs on dry, acidic soils in naturally fire-protected landscapes in the Atlantic Coastal Plain and portions of the lower East Gulf Coastal Plain and Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain. Examples are generally dominated by <i>Quercus falcata</i> and <i>Quercus stellata</i>, with less <i>Quercus alba</i>. In addition, <i>Carya tomentosa</i> or <i>Carya pallida</i> may be a component. Pines (e.g., <i>Pinus echinata, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda</i>) may be a significant component but are not dominant. Many examples have a well-developed subcanopy of <i>Cornus florida</i>. <i>Danthonia spicata</i> is the dominant herbaceous plant on some sites in Tennessee (Shiloh National Military Park). |
Comm #1972
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Ludwigia peploides Aquatic Vegetation
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36022-{7EF9201B-777B-4350-896C-8963E73A31B3}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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These floating or stranded mats of <i>Ludwigia peploides</i> (including <i>ssp. glabrescens</i> and/or <i>ssp. peploides</i>) occur in shallow water of flats in slow-moving streams, shallow lakes, natural and artificial impoundments. Some common associates include <i>Ammannia</i> spp., <i>Callitriche</i> spp., <i>Hydrolea quadrivalvis, Lycopus</i> spp., <i>Proserpinaca</i> spp., <i>Veronica</i> spp., and other mat-forming obligate wetland species. Oklahoma associates include <i>Cephalanthus occidentalis, Hibiscus laevis, Nelumbo lutea, Polygonum hydropiperoides</i>, and <i>Sagittaria latifolia</i>. |
Comm #1973
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Spartina bakeri - Woodwardia virginica - Saccharum giganteum Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35902-{16CCD9FB-ED0E-4486-A16C-E27C2A2376A2}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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These seasonally flooded wetlands are dominated by <i>Spartina bakeri</i>, or at least with substantial cover of it. Circular ponds in which <i>Spartina bakeri</i> is typically the dominant species are found on marsh islands of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain of South Carolina and Georgia. Herbaceous dominants also include <i>Woodwardia virginica, Hibiscus moscheutos, Juncus effusus</i>, and <i>Saccharum giganteum</i>. Additional herbaceous species may include <i>Panicum virgatum, Cyperus odoratus</i>, and <i>Juncus roemerianus</i>. Scattered trees and shrubs also occur, including <i>Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Pinus taeda, Pinus serotina, Morella cerifera, Salix nigra, Diospyros virginiana, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Persea palustris</i>, and the exotic <i>Triadica sebifera</i>. Disturbance of these ponds may result in a reduction to less than 50% cover of <i>Spartina bakeri</i>. Fire is probably an infrequent event. |
Comm #1974
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Pinus (palustris, elliottii) / (Quercus geminata) / Serenoa repens / Aristida beyrichiana Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35903-{02EF35D3-3BC0-43DB-9F47-457CFC3A03D0}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This is a common type of "scrubby flatwoods" of the Florida Panhandle and adjoining areas of northern Florida and Alabama. It typically occupies a transition between scrub and mesic flatwoods and may contain species characteristic of either one of these. Beneath an open canopy of <i>Pinus palustris</i> (and/or possibly <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii</i>) is a shrubby understory typically dominated by some combination of <i>Quercus geminata</i> and/or <i>Quercus myrtifolia</i>. <i>Serenoa repens</i> is also a typical component. Other shrubs which may be present include <i>Licania michauxii, Quercus pumila, Ilex glabra, Ilex coriacea, Quercus minima, Gaylussacia dumosa, Kalmia hirsuta, Lyonia lucida, Polygonella polygama</i>, and <i>Lyonia ferruginea</i>. Near-coastal Panhandle Florida examples may contain <i>Conradina canescens</i>. <i>Krameria lanceolata</i> is also present. <i>Aristida beyrichiana</i> is common; other herbs may include <i>Aristida spiciformis, Seymeria cassioides</i>, and <i>Carphephorus odoratissimus</i>. |
Comm #1975
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Quercus phellos - Quercus laurifolia - Nyssa biflora / Arundinaria tecta - Sabal minor Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36032-{AA8779BF-E495-49E0-9EBF-F9A3C40122C9}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This forest occurs along small streams with intermittent flow in regions of very subdued topographic relief in the Outer Coastal Plain of South Carolina and Georgia. The canopy consists of <i>Quercus phellos, Quercus laurifolia, Nyssa biflora, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. Shrubs include abundant <i>Arundinaria tecta</i> and <i>Sabal minor</i>, with less commonly <i>Viburnum dentatum</i>. |
Comm #1976
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Thuja occidentalis - Pinus strobus - Tsuga canadensis / Carex eburnea Cliff Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36492-{4721352B-1061-4386-9E8B-222715831839}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This is essentially a mixed coniferous-deciduous woodland of the Southern and Central Appalachians, with each component contributing approximately 50% of the canopy cover. <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> and <i>Pinus strobus</i> are codominant in these samples, with <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> a less abundant associate. A variety of hardwoods co-occur, the most constant and abundant of which are <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus alba</i>, and <i>Quercus rubra</i>. Habitats are on moderately steep to steep (mean = 31°), convex, west-northwest-facing slopes at relatively low elevation (mean = 521 m [1710 feet]). These slopes, situated in major stream and river valleys, are geomorphic products of long-term stream incision. Bedrock parent material at one site is interbedded limestone and sandstone of Silurian age; at another site is underlain by Ordovician limestone. Soils at both sites are evidently colluvial and have a neutral pH. The soil moisture regime was assessed as mesic at both sites, but tends toward the submesic end of this moisture class. This community type is extremely rare in Virginia, where it is known only from the two plot-sampled stands and two putative locations in Montgomery and Russell counties, all in the Ridge and Valley province. Patches of this vegetation are very small (0.1-1.0 ha), and additional occurrences are likely in suitable western Virginia habitats. Young reproduction of all three conifers (<i>Thuja occidentalis, Pinus strobus</i>, and <i>Tsuga canadensis</i>) dominates the understory layers; <i>Sassafras albidum</i> is also a constant understory tree, and <i>Amelanchier arborea</i> codominates in one plot. <i>Hamamelis virginiana</i> and young <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> dominate the shrub layer of one plot each. Other constant but low cover shrubs are <i>Dirca palustris</i> and <i>Viburnum acerifolium</i>. Tree height is variable from occurrence to occurrence. Herbaceous growth is sparse (mean stratum cover = 24%) and patchy. Many herbaceous species and woody seedlings occur at low cover. The most important herbaceous species include <i>Eurybia divaricata, Brachyelytrum erectum, Chamaelirium luteum, Collinsonia canadensis, Dioscorea quaternata, Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa, Solidago arguta, Solidago curtisii</i>, and <i>Uvularia perfoliata</i>. |
Comm #1977
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Quercus phellos - Liquidambar styraciflua / Chasmanthium laxum Cumberland / Southern Ridge and Valley Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36506-{E9B3230C-D143-4453-B236-124E320F5903}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This community occupies shallow depressions in ridgetop or plateau-top sandstone of the Cumberland Plateau or on limestones and dolostones in the Southern Ridge and Valley. This association has a closed to open canopy dominated by <i>Quercus phellos</i>. In addition, <i>Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Nyssa sylvatica, Quercus rubra</i>, and <i>Pinus taeda</i> can also be canopy components. Shrubs and woody vines are sparse, and can include <i>Toxicodendron radicans, Cephalanthus occidentalis</i>, and <i>Campsis radicans</i>. Herbs are also sparse. Most characteristic is <i>Chasmanthium laxum</i>. Other herbs include <i>Carex glaucescens, Dulichium arundinaceum, Dichanthelium</i> spp., <i>Rhynchospora corniculata, Juncus repens</i>, and <i>Chasmanthium sessiliflorum</i>. <i>Sphagnum lescurii</i> and other <i>Sphagnum</i> spp. can form scattered patches or fairly continuous cover. |
Comm #1978
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Carya glabra - Fraxinus americana / Acer leucoderme / Piptochaetium avenaceum Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36550-{82EAB93E-90CA-477A-A63A-F03FB3A584FE}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This association is a woodland dominated by <i>Carya glabra, Quercus stellata</i>, and <i>Fraxinus americana</i>, occurring in nutrient-rich soils derived from a base-rich granite. Stands are found at low elevations from 90-180 m (300-600 feet) in the lower Piedmont of Georgia, and possibly Alabama and South Carolina. Other canopy species include <i>Carya carolinae-septentrionalis, Quercus muehlenbergii</i>, and <i>Ulmus alata</i>. Subcanopy species include <i>Acer leucoderme, Quercus rubra</i>, and <i>Sideroxylon lycioides</i>; tall shrubs are <i>Cercis canadensis var. canadensis</i> and <i>Vaccinium arboreum</i>. The shrub stratum includes <i>Rhus aromatica var. aromatica, Vaccinium stamineum, Crataegus spathulata, Callicarpa americana, Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides, Ptelea trifoliata</i>, and <i>Hydrangea quercifolia</i>. Woody vines include <i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Vitis rotundifolia</i>, and <i>Bignonia capreolata</i>. Typical species of the diverse herb stratum include <i>Piptochaetium avenaceum, Carex</i> spp., <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Arundinaria gigantea, Asplenium platyneuron, Symphyotrichum</i> spp., <i>Dichanthelium boscii, Galium circaezans, Heuchera villosa, Houstonia longifolia, Leersia</i> sp., <i>Lespedeza repens, Oxalis violacea, Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana, Potentilla canadensis, Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium, Solidago</i> sp., <i>Tragia urticifolia, Manfreda virginica, Scutellaria ovata, Thalictrum thalictroides</i>, and <i>Woodsia obtusa</i>. |
Comm #1979
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Juniperus virginiana - Celtis tenuifolia - Cercis canadensis / Sporobolus clandestinus - Danthonia sericea Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36560-{8178B62A-27C3-465E-B024-A9A18B61BEA4}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This association represents a woodland found on linear outcrops of rich granite in the upper Piedmont of Georgia. Stands are dominated by an unusual canopy/subcanopy mixture of <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Celtis tenuifolia, Ulmus alata, Pinus echinata</i>, and <i>Cercis canadensis</i>. This vegetation apparently occurs in nutrient-rich soils derived from base-rich granite. More information is needed on the characteristics of the particular substrate on which this vegetation is found. Stands are known from moderate elevations of from 300-360 m (1000-1200 feet) in the upper Piedmont of Georgia, and possibly related areas of Alabama and South Carolina. Shrubs include <i>Prunus umbellata, Yucca filamentosa</i>, and <i>Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides</i>. Woody vines include <i>Bignonia capreolata</i>. Typical species of the herb stratum include <i>Sporobolus compositus, Danthonia sericea</i> (both of these with higher cover values), <i>Cheilanthes lanosa, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Acalypha</i> sp. <i>Carex nigromarginata, Commelina erecta, Dichanthelium depauperatum, Erigeron strigosus, Galactia regularis, Juncus acuminatus, Liatris squarrosa, Manfreda virginica, Melica mutica, Nuttallanthus canadensis, Salvia azurea, Scleria oligantha, Selaginella rupestris, Setaria parviflora, Phemeranthus teretifolius</i>, and <i>Tragia urticifolia</i>. |
Comm #1980
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Quercus alba - Quercus falcata / Vaccinium (arboreum, hirsutum, pallidum) Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36619-{EB23E75C-0077-4B47-89C5-943FA3D16506}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
7
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This is a dry-mesic, deciduous white oak - southern red oak forest found at lower elevations (200-550 m [700-1800 feet]) in the Ridge and Valley and the adjacent southern part of the Southern Blue Ridge, in Tennessee, North Carolina and possibly adjacent Georgia. This includes the gentle slopes and shallow dry-mesic drains of the more-or-less flat metasedimentary surface of Chilhowee Mountain, Tennessee. The canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus alba</i> and <i>Quercus falcata</i>, possibly with <i>Quercus stellata</i> and <i>Quercus velutina</i>, typically with lower cover by <i>Quercus stellata, Quercus coccinea</i>, and/or <i>Quercus muehlenbergii</i>. The hickory species <i>Carya tomentosa, Carya glabra</i>, and <i>Carya ovata</i> may also be present or codominant. Dominance by pines (e.g., <i>Pinus echinata, Pinus strobus, Pinus virginiana</i>) should be less than 25%. The subcanopy typically contains <i>Oxydendrum arboreum, Nyssa sylvatica, Acer rubrum, Carya glabra</i>, and <i>Pinus strobus</i>. Shrubs and other woody plants that may be present include <i>Carya pallida, Cornus florida, Rhododendron calendulaceum, Tsuga canadensis, Sassafras albidum, Ostrya virginiana, Amelanchier arborea</i>, and <i>Magnolia fraseri</i>. |
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