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Comm #2681	Ulmus crassifolia - Celtis laevigata - (Ulmus rubra) / Carex digitalis - Geum canadense Floodplain Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36118-{A2169925-2E86-4BFC-8745-6CDECBFE4342}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This floodplain forest occurs along the southwestern periphery of the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain (and the adjacent West Gulf Coastal Plain) in eastern Texas. <i>Ulmus crassifolia</i> and <i>Celtis laevigata</i> are diagnostic of this type, and some examples have almost no other overstory species present, although <i>Quercus phellos, Quercus similis</i>, and <i>Ulmus rubra</i> are sometimes present. <i>Ulmus crassifolia</i> and/or <i>Ulmus alata</i> usually dominates the midstory with some <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i> also present, as well as <i>Forestiera ligustrina</i> as a shrub. The most frequent herbaceous species include <i>Poa autumnalis, Symphyotrichum racemosum, Elymus virginicus, Trepocarpus aethusae, Ruellia strepens, Dichanthelium commutatum, Carex cherokeensis, Oplismenus hirtellus, Phanopyrum gymnocarpon</i>, and <i>Muhlenbergia schreberi</i>. In addition, <i>Carex digitalis</i> and <i>Geum canadense</i> are characteristic. Seedlings of <i>Poncirus trifoliata</i> (exotic) and <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i> may also be common. In lower, wetter portions, the lower strata of this community may be dominated by <i>Chasmanthium latifolium</i> and <i>Sabal minor</i>.
Comm #2682	Quercus nigra - Liquidambar styraciflua / Ilex opaca - Vaccinium fuscatum / Carex debilis Floodplain Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36152-{5B8AB144-8F80-4850-BBBF-50786B9F44E6}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This floodplain forest community occurs on temporarily flooded terraces along small streams and small rivers in the West Gulf Coastal Plain. The temporarily high water table leads to frequent tree falls and gaps. This plant community floods occasionally, and water stands for relatively short duration. <i>Quercus nigra</i> is the dominant tree, with <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> being a common component. Constant tree-fall disturbance leads to a high component of <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> in the overstory. Other tree species include <i>Carya ovata, Nyssa sylvatica, Pinus taeda</i> (present only as stumps in some examples), <i>Quercus shumardii, Quercus alba</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. <i>Ilex opaca</i> is the dominant understory tree with <i>Acer rubrum var. rubrum, Carpinus caroliniana, Crataegus marshallii, Diospyros virginiana, Ulmus alata, Celtis laevigata</i>, and <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i>. In addition, <i>Juglans nigra</i> will be present in some stands as a subcanopy or canopy component. The shrub layer is often sparse except in tree-fall gaps and includes <i>Vaccinium fuscatum</i>, and <i>Vaccinium virgatum</i> and <i>Ditrysinia fruticosa</i> in more southerly examples. <i>Sabal minor</i> may be present within its range. Woody vines are an important component of this community and may be present in high cover values. Vine species include <i>Vitis rotundifolia, Nekemias arborea, Amphicarpaea bracteata, Berchemia scandens, Bignonia capreolata, Campsis radicans, Cocculus carolinus, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax rotundifolia, Trachelospermum difforme</i>, and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i>. The herbaceous layer is moderately dense with <i>Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, Carex complanata, Carex debilis, Carex glaucodea, Galium obtusum ssp. obtusum, Sanicula canadensis, Trachelospermum difforme, Tridens strictus</i>, and occasional stands of <i>Arundinaria gigantea</i>. Little leaf litter is present.
Comm #2683	(Hydrangea arborescens) / Heuchera villosa - Asplenium trichomanes - Thalictrum clavatum / Conocephalum salebrosum Cliff Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36501-{EFD10061-DC6E-4C30-B332-7A8F5DEC4E57}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This type occurs on moist, shaded, north-facing cliffs of thin-bedded sedimentary rocks (siltstones and shales) in the Ridge and Valley and the adjacent western portion of the Blue Ridge in southwestern Virginia and Tennessee. It has sparse to moderately dense cover of vascular plants and also has substantial cover of nonvascular plants. Vascular plants root in the horizontal crevices. Most abundant vascular species in the Tennessee occurrences are <i>Heuchera villosa var. villosa, Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes</i>, and <i>Thalictrum clavatum</i>. Other vascular species present include <i>Hydrangea arborescens, Rhododendron maximum, Laportea canadensis, Trautvetteria caroliniensis var. caroliniensis, Dryopteris intermedia, Dryopteris marginalis, Polypodium appalachianum, Asplenium montanum</i>, and (rarely) <i>Phegopteris connectilis</i> and <i>Saxifraga caroliniana</i>. <i>Conocephalum conicum</i> is a common and conspicuous nonvascular plant.
Comm #2684	Pinus palustris / Schizachyrium scoparium - Verbesina aristata Loamhill Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36515-{4C643522-6028-41D7-93B7-1C1A4B5CE28C}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This association represents mesic loamhill <i>Pinus palustris</i> woodlands of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Georgia and related mesic longleaf vegetation of Alabama. At Fort Benning, Chattahoochee County, Georgia, this vegetation is associated with finer-textured soils, including the Nankin sandy clay loam soil series (which may occur as inclusions in areas mapped as Vaucluse sandy loam) and possibly others. Stands are dominated by an open canopy of <i>Pinus palustris</i>. Grasses are prominent in examples of this vegetation. These include <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon gyrans, Andropogon ternarius, Danthonia sericea</i>, and <i>Dichanthelium</i> spp. Some other herbaceous plants found in examples of this vegetation include <i>Verbesina aristata, Silphium compositum, Ageratina aromatica, Symphyotrichum concolor, Symphyotrichum dumosum, Sericocarpus tortifolius, Coreopsis major, Elephantopus</i> sp., <i>Eupatorium album, Helianthus divaricatus, Hieracium gronovii, Ionactis linariifolius, Liatris gracilis, Packera tomentosa, Pityopsis aspera, Pityopsis graminifolia, Solidago odora, Vernonia angustifolia, Desmodium</i> spp., <i>Lespedeza capitata, Mimosa microphylla, Rhynchosia</i> sp., <i>Stylosanthes biflora, Tephrosia x floridana, Tephrosia virginiana, Iris verna, Pteridium aquilinum, Viola pedata</i>, and <i>Viola septemloba</i>. Some scattered deciduous trees found here include <i>Quercus falcata, Quercus marilandica, Nyssa sylvatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida</i>, and <i>Diospyros virginiana</i>. Scattered low shrubs and vines in fire-managed examples include <i>Vaccinium arboreum, Vaccinium myrsinites, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium tenellum, Rhus copallinum, Ceanothus americanus</i>, and <i>Smilax glauca</i>.
Comm #2685	Ulmus crassifolia - Celtis laevigata / Ilex decidua / Elymus virginicus Floodplain Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36529-{504557E0-43FC-4B15-89EE-D015EC980D28}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This association occurs on alluvial terraces and floodplains along rivers and streams in central and southern Texas. Composition is quite variable, but the overstory is typically dominated by <i>Ulmus crassifolia</i> and <i>Celtis laevigata</i>. Other characteristic overstory species may include <i>Ulmus americana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Tilia americana var. caroliniana</i>, and <i>Carya illinoinensis</i>. Midstory trees that may reach into the overstory include <i>Acer negundo, Juglans major, Juglans microcarpa, Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii, Sideroxylon lanuginosum</i>, and <i>Styphnolobium affine</i>. Typical components of the generally open understory include <i>Ilex decidua, Forestiera pubescens, Cornus drummondii, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus</i>, and occasionally <i>Lindera benzoin</i> and <i>Juniperus ashei</i>. The herbaceous layer is dense in patches and may include <i>Elymus virginicus, Chasmanthium latifolium, Setaria scheelei, Carex amphibola</i>, and <i>Verbesina virginica</i>.
Comm #2686	Alnus serrulata Southeastern Shrub Swamp » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36535-{E64F2F06-6670-44F2-846D-171024A31A39}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This alder swamp is found in the upper southeastern United States, most probably from Kentucky south to central Alabama and Georgia, and west to Mississippi and Arkansas. These shrublands are found on muck overlying mineral soils, at the edges of forested swamps, or in other related seasonally flooded situations, including depressions in floodplains and the backwaters of lakes and beaver ponds. Hydrologic alteration of systems (e.g., creation of impoundments by the agency of humans and/or beaver) may expand habitat for this association. The vegetation is dominated by tall shrubs, and is characterized by some combination of <i>Alnus serrulata, Viburnum</i> spp., <i>Cornus</i> spp., and <i>Salix</i> spp. In addition, saplings of <i>Acer rubrum</i> are typical. Other shrubs present may include <i>Cephalanthus occidentalis, Decodon verticillatus</i>, and <i>Ilex verticillata</i>. Herbaceous associates include <i>Osmunda regalis, Thelypteris palustris, Galium</i> spp., <i>Typha latifolia, Peltandra virginica</i>, and <i>Carex</i> spp. Tree species such as <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Juglans nigra</i> may exist on the fringes of such an association, occasionally overshadowing parts of the association.
Comm #2687	Sesbania vesicaria - Lindernia dubia Sandbar Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36559-{9E443FDB-3146-4E46-A2B5-42FE9EFFAE5A}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This sandbar vegetation occurs on temporarily flooded sandbars and shores of small to medium rivers of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain. The floristic composition consists largely of annual forbs. <i>Sesbania vesicaria</i> and <i>Lindernia dubia</i> are characteristic of known examples, but floristic composition is highly variable. Other herbaceous species include <i>Alternanthera philoxeroides</i> (exotic), <i>Amaranthus</i> spp., <i>Chamaecrista fasciculata, Chamaecrista nictitans, Cynodon dactylon</i> (exotic), <i>Cyperus</i> spp., <i>Digitaria sanguinalis, Eragrostis</i> spp., <i>Fimbristylis vahlii, Ipomoea</i> spp., <i>Jacquemontia tamnifolia</i> (exotic), <i>Ludwigia glandulosa, Mollugo verticillata</i> (exotic), <i>Phyla nodiflora, Polygonum punctatum, Polypremum procumbens, Portulaca oleracea</i> (exotic), <i>Senna obtusifolia</i> (exotic), <i>Strophostyles helvola</i>, and <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>.
Comm #2688	Juniperus virginiana - Celtis tenuifolia - Quercus stellata / Sporobolus compositus - Phemeranthus teretifolius Wooded Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36546-{52409530-4295-4A45-9900-75E197A282B5}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This association is restricted to the inner Piedmont of Georgia. It occurs over amphibolite, which weathers to produce high base status soils. It is presently known only from Soapstone Mountain in the Chattahoochee National Forest. Although floristically related to other more common types of glades, this is a distinct type that reflects the unusual environmental conditions of this particular set of small glades on amphibolite bedrock. There are several small openings with this type of glade set within a matrix of oak-hickory-dominated forests. Typical stands of this association contain <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Quercus montana</i>, and <i>Quercus stellata</i> in the open to sparse canopy, with <i>Sporobolus compositus</i> as a dominant grass, and <i>Phemeranthus teretifolius</i> and <i>Tragia urticifolia</i> as characteristic herbs. Other herbs include <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon</i> sp., <i>Piptochaetium avenaceum, Scleria oligantha, Cheilanthes lanosa, Selaginella rupestris, Acalypha</i> sp., <i>Agalinis purpurea, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Clitoria mariana, Dichanthelium</i> sp., <i>Digitaria sanguinalis, Elymus trachycaulus, Erigeron strigosus, Hypericum gentianoides, Manfreda virginica, Nuttallanthus canadensis, Pycnanthemum</i> sp., <i>Salvia azurea, Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Asclepias verticillata, Coreopsis major, Croton michauxii var. ellipticus, Diodia virginiana, Euphorbia corollata, Fimbristylis</i> sp., <i>Galactia regularis, Liatris microcephala, Liatris squarrosa, Marshallia obovata var. obovata, Ruellia humilis</i>, and <i>Stylosanthes biflora</i>. The blue-green alga <i>Nostoc commune</i> may be present. Other scattered woody plants include <i>Celtis tenuifolia, Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Quercus montana, Quercus stellata, Ulmus alata, Carya pallida, Cercis canadensis, Pinus echinata, Pinus virginiana, Prunus serotina, Ptelea trifoliata</i>, and <i>Vaccinium arboreum</i>. Woody vines include <i>Berchemia scandens</i> and <i>Cocculus carolinus</i>. Shrubs include <i>Callicarpa americana, Rhus aromatica, Rhus copallinum, Vaccinium arboreum, Ptelea trifoliata, Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides, Asimina parviflora</i>, and <i>Chionanthus virginicus</i>.
Comm #2689	Quercus rubra - Tilia americana var. heterophylla - Carya carolinae-septentrionalis / Acer floridanum / Hydrangea quercifolia Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36549-{57573022-86B3-423C-AC3B-461E325E85B4}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This is a rich basic cove or mixed hardwood forest from the Southern Ridge and Valley of Alabama. This is north of the range of <i>Magnolia grandiflora</i>, south of the range of <i>Acer saccharum</i> and <i>Aesculus flava</i>, and within the range of <i>Quercus rubra, Tilia americana var. heterophylla</i>, and <i>Acer floridanum</i>. Stands are typically found on mid to lower slopes (typically steep) on rich calcareous substrates, such as sedimentary limestones, in the Southern Ridge and Valley of Alabama. The canopy of stands is dominated by <i>Tilia americana var. heterophylla, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus rubra</i> and/or <i>Quercus alba, Carya carolinae-septentrionalis</i>, and <i>Quercus muehlenbergii</i>. Some stands may contain <i>Quercus montana, Quercus shumardii, Fraxinus americana, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya carolinae-septentrionalis, Carya cordiformis, Carya glabra, Carya ovata, Juglans nigra, Nyssa sylvatica, Prunus serotina, Diospyros virginiana</i>, and/or <i>Acer floridanum</i> in their canopies. Some other subcanopy and tall-shrub components include <i>Acer leucoderme, Asimina triloba, Cercis canadensis, Frangula caroliniana, Sassafras albidum, Ulmus rubra, Morus rubra, Prunus serotina, Magnolia tripetala, Ostrya virginiana, Oxydendrum arboreum, Halesia tetraptera, Hamamelis virginiana, Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Aesculus pavia, Viburnum acerifolium, Styrax grandifolius, Euonymus americanus</i>, and <i>Cornus alternifolia</i>. The shrub layers may contain the aforementioned species, as well as a fair abundance of <i>Acer floridanum</i> and <i>Aesculus parviflora</i>. Woody vines include <i>Berchemia scandens, Bignonia capreolata, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Toxicodendron radicans, Vitis aestivalis</i>, and <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i>. The herbaceous component is luxuriant and diverse. <i>Croomia pauciflora</i> may be quite abundant in some stands.
Comm #2690	Taxodium distichum West Gulf Coastal Plain Lakeshore Swamp Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36558-{8A246233-3A6D-4A52-B057-4B2C6B92EAF9}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	4	This association represents <i>Taxodium distichum</i>-dominated lakeshores of the West Gulf Coastal Plain west of the Mississippi River. These ponds and lakes may be of natural or unnatural origin, although in large parts of the region, natural ponds are rare. In eastern Texas, ponds ringed by <i>Taxodium</i> are uncommon. Examples occur at Bouton Lake and Little Bouton Lake on the Angelina National Forest. More information is needed to ascertain the distribution of this type elsewhere in the region.