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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #2981	Amelanchier utahensis Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29976-{7DD25640-329D-4DDE-94A0-3312C8A8D583}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This mountain shrubland association occurs at middle elevations in the foothills, mountains and mesas in north-central Utah, the Colorado Plateau and Great Basin of the western U.S. The sparse to moderately dense tall-shrub layer (10-60% cover) is dominated by the cold-deciduous shrub <i>Amelanchier utahensis</i>. <i>Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i> often dominates in the short-shrub layer. Other shrub associates may include low cover of <i>Acer grandidentatum, Artemisia tridentata, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Ephedra viridis, Mahonia repens, Purshia tridentata, Rhus trilobata</i>, and <i>Rosa woodsii</i>. <i>Quercus gambelii</i> may also be present, but it is always poorly represented (&lt;5%). Tree species are sometimes present with the tall shrubs or as a very sparse emergent layer. The sparse to moderately dense herbaceous layer is a mixture of perennial graminoids and forbs. Introduced species such as <i>Agropyron cristatum</i> and <i>Bromus tectorum</i> are common in disturbed stands. Stands occur on moderate to steep slopes characterized by talus or rockfall from further upslope. It is found on relatively warm southern aspects in the Wasatch Mountains but also occurs on northern aspects or in cold-air drainages at lower elevations and more southern latitudes. Substrates are moderately deep, rocky loams and clays.
Comm #2982	Quercus gambelii / Artemisia tridentata Shrubland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30020-{5A3902E1-BE52-4818-BFBE-470BC31B5591}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This montane shrubland association has been described from mountains and plateaus of Utah and western Colorado. Sites are variable and occur on nearly level mesas to steep hillslopes (to 75%) coves, terraces, and washes. Elevation ranges from 1512-2506 m (4950-8215 feet). Soils are rapidly drained sandy loam, loamy sand, and gravelly loams. There is typically high cover of litter and low to moderate cover by bedrock, large and small rocks, and bare ground. The vegetation is characterized by a moderately dense to dense (10-65% cover) tall-shrub layer (2-5 m tall) that is dominated by <i>Quercus gambelii</i>, with a sparse to moderately dense short-shrub layer dominated by <i>Artemisia tridentata</i>, often forming a mosaic of oak and sagebrush. If present, <i>Amelanchier</i> spp. and <i>Cercocarpus montanus</i> occur in minor amounts (&lt;10% cover). Other shrubs that may be present include <i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Purshia tridentata, Opuntia</i> spp., <i>Rosa</i> spp., <i>Symphoricarpos</i> spp., and <i>Tetradymia canescens</i>. The relatively sparse herbaceous layer is a mixture of grasses and forbs. In stands with a relatively sparse mixed shrub layer (&lt;25% total shrub cover), <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> needs to strongly dominate (have twice the cover of other short shrubs such as <i>Amelanchier</i> spp. and <i>Cercocarpus montanus</i>) to separate from similar associations.
Comm #2983	Phragmites australis ssp. australis Western Ruderal Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30384-{F092FCE1-3243-4462-AD80-489690FF30AB}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This reed marsh type is found across the west-temperate regions of the United States and Canada. Stands occur in semipermanently flooded marshes, ditches, impoundments, etc. that have often been disturbed by human activity. The vegetation is often variable, as <i>Phragmites australis ssp. australis</i> will often invade into existing natural or semi-natural communities present on the site. Once firmly established, this community is usually strongly dominated by <i>Phragmites australis ssp. australis</i>, with few or no other vascular plants present. In Colorado, this reed marsh often occurs in small wet patches in seeps and backwater areas of large floodplains, around the fringes of irrigation ponds, ditches, and along railroad embankments that have poor drainage. Stands have a dense, 1- to 1.5-m tall herbaceous layer dominated by the perennial graminoid <i>Phragmites australis ssp. australis</i>. Minor cover of associates such as <i>Agrostis stolonifera, Carex</i> spp., <i>Conyza canadensis, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, Iva axillaris, Mentha arvensis, Solidago canadensis, Schoenoplectus acutus</i>, and <i>Typha latifolia</i> may be present.
Comm #2984	Panicum virgatum - (Pascopyrum smithii) Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30393-{724816F6-9A73-4D43-B878-7D452400AC96}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	In Badlands National Park, South Dakota, the switchgrass grassland type contains dense ground cover, typically between 50 and 80%. <i>Panicum virgatum</i> is the dominant species in more mesic areas. <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i> is more abundant on elevated sites within the drainages and basins, and <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i> is the dominant species along the upper margin of the type. Where this type is found in drainages, the distribution often becomes "patchy" and <i>Calamovilfa longifolia</i> replaces <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i> on the upper type margin. Commonly associated species include <i>Glycyrrhiza lepidota, Symphyotrichum ericoides</i>, and occasionally <i>Populus deltoides</i>. Switchgrass is a common component of many wetlands and mesic sites, but becomes dominant in wetter parts of drainages and wetland basins.
Comm #2985	Dasiphora fruticosa / Festuca idahoensis Shrub Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30411-{6BF96A07-703F-4445-80CF-3E5780AE53CA}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This association occurs infrequently in the mountains of southwestern Montana, northern Wyoming and southern Idaho. Elevation ranges from 1920-2600 m. Stands have been described from relatively mesic, gentle upland slopes with moderately deep soils derived from granitic parent materials in Montana, and on gently sloping to undulating alluvial benches along drainages in the mesic transition zone between riparian and dry upland areas in Wyoming and Idaho. However, these soils are deeper and derived from sedimentary rock such as sandstone, siltstone, and shale. This association has a dense and diverse herbaceous layer with a very sparse to moderately dense short-shrub layer (3-45% cover). The shrub layer has 3-25% canopy cover of <i>Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda</i>, which is a diagnostic species, and may have up to 20% cover of <i>Artemisia cana</i> in the alluvial bench stands. The herbaceous layer is dominated by medium-tall perennial graminoids with perennial forbs. The dominant/diagnostic graminoid species is <i>Festuca idahoensis</i>. <i>Danthonia intermedia</i> and <i>Carex obtusata</i> or several other <i>Carex</i> spp. often codominate. Forb species are diverse, with <i>Achillea millefolium, Geum triflorum, Agoseris glauca, Arenaria congesta, Besseya wyomingensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Fragaria virginiana</i>, and <i>Potentilla gracilis</i> being the most consistent.
Comm #2986	Pascopyrum smithii - Bouteloua gracilis Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30487-{DAAA7744-7977-42B7-992D-336E7380C08B}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This western wheatgrass - blue grama prairie of the southern Great Plains, Chihuahuan Desert and western New Mexico mountains of the United States was once an extensive grassland. Stands occur within montane swales or along upland valley bottoms. It generally occurs on northerly or northeasterly aspects at elevations between 915 and 2440 m (3000-8000 feet). Slopes are typically gentle with fine-textured and well-developed soils that are predominantly from eroded Paleozoic sandstone and limestone. Ground cover is characterized by scattered bunchgrasses and patches of the rhizomatous grasses and litter with exposed soil and gravel in the intergrass spaces. Luxuriant cover that can be dominated by either <i>Bouteloua gracilis</i> or <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i> typifies this grassland. <i>Juniperus monosperma</i> or <i>Pinus edulis</i> communities usually surround this swale association. In New Mexico, <i>Atriplex canescens</i> is the most frequently occurring and abundant shrub, with <i>Ericameria nauseosa, Opuntia phaeacantha</i>, and <i>Gutierrezia sarothrae</i> common associates, but overall cover seldom exceeds 2.5%. Graminoid diversity is usually low, with scattered grasses such as <i>Elymus elymoides, Koeleria macrantha</i>, and <i>Muhlenbergia repens</i> often present. In Kansas, <i>Bouteloua curtipendula</i> and <i>Bouteloua dactyloides</i> may also be present. The shrub layer is very open and moderate in diversity and generally includes <i>Atriplex canescens</i> and <i>Krascheninnikovia lanata</i> (which both occur as phases and can become dominant in disturbed areas), as well as <i>Cylindropuntia imbricata</i> and <i>Opuntia phaeacantha</i>. Forb diversity and cover are generally low.
Comm #2987	Carex saxatilis Fen » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30678-{5882CA04-97E1-48B3-A68E-CCFAE3B6386B}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This wetland association has been described from the mountains of Utah, Montana, and Colorado and may extend north to Alaska. The elevation range for this community in Colorado and Utah is 2745-3200 m (9000-10,500 feet). The plant association occurs on organic soils near streams, in wet meadows, and as narrow bands along shorelines of ponds and small lakes. This typically dense graminoid community is dominated by <i>Carex saxatilis</i>. <i>Carex aquatilis</i> is often present and may be codominant. Other species often present with minor cover are <i>Pedicularis groenlandica, Caltha leptosepala, Deschampsia cespitosa</i>, and <i>Carex utriculata</i>.
Comm #2988	Hesperostipa comata Great Basin Grassland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30614-{0DAAD5F9-07FD-4092-9F42-7D8E483F7927}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This semi-arid grassland occurs on the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau and high plateaus of southern Utah, east into the western slope of the southern Rocky Mountains. The vegetation is characterized by a relatively sparse to moderate herbaceous layer (10-40% cover) that is strongly dominated by the medium-tall, cool-season bunchgrass <i>Hesperostipa comata</i>, but it may also include stands with less than 10% total vegetation cover. Low cover of other grasses, such as <i>Achnatherum hymenoides, Achnatherum lettermanii, Aristida purpurea, Elymus elymoides, Koeleria macrantha, Leymus salinus, Pleuraphis jamesii, Poa fendleriana</i>, or <i>Sporobolus cryptandrus</i>, may be present. However, <i>Bouteloua eriopoda</i> is not present. Forb cover ranges from sparse to moderate and may be diverse. Associated forbs include <i>Balsamorhiza sagittata, Hymenopappus filifolius, Machaeranthera canescens, Sphaeralcea coccinea, Vicia americana</i>, and species of <i>Antennaria, Astragalus, Cryptantha, Eriogonum, Gilia</i>, and <i>Lappula</i>. Scattered shrubs and dwarf-shrubs may be present with less than 5% total cover. Common species include <i>Artemisia tridentata, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Ericameria nauseosa, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Krascheninnikovia lanata, Opuntia polyacantha</i>, and <i>Symphoricarpos oreophilus</i>. The widespread introduced annual grass <i>Bromus tectorum</i> often contributes significant cover in disturbed stands. Some stands have high cover of biological soil crusts. Stands are found on a variety of sites, such as on point bars, stream terraces, in sand-filled potholes in slickrock washes, on plains, valleys, canyon floors, gentle hillslopes, knolls and bluffs, mesatops, and plateau parks. Sites are generally flat to gently sloping, but occasionally are steep (to 53% slope). Soils are variable and range from sand to silty clay. The unvegetated surface has moderate to high cover of bare soil with sparse to moderate cover of litter. Fires may be important in maintaining these grasslands by reducing woody cover, but burning during the growing season could also damage <i>Hesperostipa comata</i> plants.
Comm #2989	ARTEMISIA FILIFOLIA DWARF-SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE » more details accession code: VB.cc.29847.ARTEMISIAFILIFO	NVC 2004	3
Comm #2990	Carex pellita Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30718-{930BFB07-1B53-4FE4-94EB-10D68673D774}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	3	This groundwater-supported plant association occurs in small patches along stream channels and in seasonally wet depressions and swales at low to moderate elevations in the western U.S. from Washington to Montana south to Oregon, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado. It has also been reported from British Columbia, Canada. These wetlands form small to medium-sized meadows. <i>Carex pellita</i>, a distinctive wetland-indicator species, clearly dominates stands with 30-80% cover. Low species diversity, with few associates having high constancy, is characteristic. <i>Deschampsia cespitosa, Carex microptera, Carex nebrascensis, Carex simulata, Carex praegracilis, Elymus glaucus, Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis, Schoenoplectus pungens, Equisetum arvense</i>, and <i>Equisetum hyemale</i> are sometimes present with low cover. Scattered shrubs and small trees may also be present. On the eastern plains of Colorado, it can occur under a canopy of cottonwood trees forming ~<i>Populus deltoides / Carex pellita</i> Floodplain Woodland (CEGL002649)$$.