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Name
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Reference
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Plots↓
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Description |
Comm #2991
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Carex simulata Fen
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30734-{347650A5-AEF6-475A-AD02-49E3D2B605EE}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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In Oregon, habitat is montane fens. This association is better known from east of the Cascade Range and is not common in northwestern Oregon. The hydroperiod for the plots reported here is much wetter than the norm for this association, and they must be considered at the wet end of the spectrum. No trees or shrubs are present, and only ten species are reported from the herb layer. Stands may have considerable expanses of water 1-3 inches deep, mud, or <i>Sphagnum</i> between sparsely distributed plants. <i>Carex simulata</i> is the most abundant herb, ranging from 25-65% cover and averaging 47%. <i>Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis</i> and <i>Deschampsia cespitosa</i> occur in about half the plots but with very low cover. <i>Carex utriculata</i> may have patches with up to 30% cover, indicating some conditions similar to reed swamp. Other species occur mostly in trace amounts. Stands may intergrade with the <i>Eleocharis quinqueflora</i> and <i>Carex limosa</i> associations that often have similar sparse vegetation and sloppy substrate. Because it is so wet, this expression probably should be separated from other concepts of this <i>Carex simulata</i> association, but more study is needed.<br /><br />In Colorado, <i>Carex simulata</i> is found only on quaking fens. It is commonly found with many other sedge species, but its presence is associated with deep organic soils and a perennially high water table. |
Comm #2992
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Senecio triangularis - Veratrum californicum Wet Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30898-{E82BE0E0-515D-4770-A9AF-174BC32B6892}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This herbaceous association is currently known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. This association occurs between 2255 and 3050 m (7400-10,000 feet) in elevation on gentle to moderate slopes, and is often found along streams. Aspects are commonly northern and eastern. Soil parent materials are varied. Soil textures range from silt loams to muck, and are moderately well-drained to poorly drained. Sites are palustrine, being seasonally or intermittently flooded. This association is characterized by a high cover of herbaceous wet meadow species, with no tree cover. Shrub cover is open, including <i>Salix lasiolepis</i> and <i>Cornus sericea ssp. sericea</i>, although more commonly there are no shrubs. <i>Veratrum californicum, Lupinus latifolius, Senecio triangularis, Epilobium ciliatum</i>, and <i>Glyceria striata</i> are the most frequent herbaceous species, while <i>Senecio integerrimus, Senecio triangularis, Veratrum californicum, Lupinus latifolius</i>, and <i>Allium validum</i> have the highest cover. |
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Typha latifolia Association
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accession code:
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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MCV2 |
3
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Carex barbarae
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accession code:
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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CDFW Natural Communities List |
3
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Comm #2993
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Andropogon gerardii - Sorghastrum nutans - (Sporobolus heterolepis) - Liatris spp. - Ratibida pinnata Grassland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31112-{945A6ABC-7B5F-4522-877A-9834DB76E3AD}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This mesic tallgrass prairie grassland community is found primarily in the glaciated central midwestern United States. Stands occur on silty clay loams and silty loams. Soils are typically derived from deep (>100 cm) silty clay and silt loam glacial till or unaltered loess, except for those in the Driftless Area. Soil drainage is intermediate, and nutrient content is high. The pH ranges from slightly acidic to circumneutral. Topography varies from level to moderately sloping on uplands of glacial outwash and till plains. This is a tallgrass mixed herbaceous community dominated by perennial C4 bunch and sod grasses. Trees are infrequent to absent. The height of the dominant plants ranges from 0.5-2.0 m. Cover is high, typically 85-95%. Forb species composition varies more than grass composition from site to site. <i>Andropogon gerardii, Symphyotrichum ericoides, Dalea candida, Eryngium yuccifolium, Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus, Liatris pycnostachya, Liatris spicata, Ratibida pinnata, Rosa carolina, Schizachyrium scoparium, Sporobolus heterolepis, Oligoneuron rigidum</i>, and <i>Sorghastrum nutans</i> are abundant throughout this community's range. <i>Amorpha canescens</i>, a subshrubby species, and <i>Salix humilis</i> are also typically present. |
Comm #2994
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Typha spp. - Schoenoplectus acutus - Mixed Herbs Midwest Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31138-{82C17D53-9013-4D36-A5CD-D6B692973A09}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This deep freshwater marsh community is found in glacial potholes, river valleys, ponds, and on lake plains throughout the midwestern and parts of the eastern United States. These marshes have hydric soils and are flooded with water levels ranging from several centimeters to more than 1 m for a significant part of the growing season. Soils that support this community can be mineral or organic but are saturated, flooded, or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part. This deepwater emergent marsh community is dominated by perennial, coarse-leaved graminoid vegetation. A typical example of this marsh contains a mosaic of emergents, submergents, and floating-leaved plants interspersed with areas of open water. Occurrences may contain extensive areas of open water, but the vegetation covers at least 3% of the surface. <i>Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia</i>, and <i>Schoenoplectus acutus</i> dominate this dynamic ecosystem. Sedges are also common (e.g., <i>Carex lupuliformis</i> and <i>Carex hyalinolepis</i> in the eastern part of the range), and a diverse assemblage of grasses, floating-leaved aquatics, and submerged aquatics are present. Vegetative diversity and density are highly variable in response to water depth, water chemistry, and natural forces. |
Comm #2995
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Zizania (aquatica, palustris) Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31290-{BC200348-9A07-4D20-926D-D77062356BA1}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This wild rice marsh community is found in the upper midwestern United States and adjacent Canada. Stands are found in deeper, sheltered waters of slow-moving streams, protected bays, and flowage lakes, particularly at stream mouths. Water depths generally exceed 0.5 m. Substrate is rich sedimentary peat, or mucky, silty soils. A thick mat of rice stalks often covers the bottom. The marsh is dominated almost entirely by the tall emergent graminoids <i>Zizania aquatica</i> or <i>Zizania palustris</i>. Floating-leaved and submerged aquatic cover can be high, but species composition is variable. Species include <i>Ceratophyllum demersum, Nuphar variegata, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton zosteriformis, Spirodela polyrrhiza, Utricularia macrorhiza</i>, and others. |
Comm #2996
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Picea mariana / Alnus incana / Sphagnum spp. Swamp Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31360-{714E1CB1-B131-4E67-86DC-C555969A8CD6}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This black spruce intermediate swamp type is found in the southern boreal forest of the Great Lakes of the United States and adjacent Canada. Stands occur on level, wet, poorly drained organic soils. The peat on which this community is usually found may be shallow to deep, and nutrient levels are moderate to high. The overstory is composed almost exclusively of conifers. <i>Picea mariana</i> is the most abundant tree and may occur in pure stands. <i>Abies balsamea, Larix laricina</i>, and <i>Thuja occidentalis</i> vary from minor to codominant. There is a moderately well-developed tall-shrub/sapling layer, consisting of <i>Alnus incana</i> and saplings of the canopy trees. Several shrubs, many of them ericaceous, make up a low-shrub layer. These include <i>Andromeda polifolia, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Gaultheria hispidula, Ledum groenlandicum, Linnaea borealis, Rubus pubescens</i>, and <i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i>. The herbaceous layer is frequently species rich, containing species such as <i>Calamagrostis canadensis</i> (in Manitoba), <i>Carex leptalea, Carex trisperma, Clintonia borealis, Coptis trifolia, Cornus canadensis, Dryopteris cristata, Eriophorum</i> spp., <i>Mitella nuda</i>, and <i>Trientalis borealis</i>. Mosses include <i>Dicranum flagellare, Dicranum polysetum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum magellanicum</i>, and <i>Sphagnum capillifolium</i>. |
Comm #2997
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Populus tremuloides - (Populus grandidentata) Rocky Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31395-{8F8517F7-984F-4607-A382-5308947A66F3}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This aspen rocky woodland type is found in on dry-mesic rocky and sandy sites of the subboreal regions of central Canada and adjacent United States. Stands occur on ridges, with occasional exposed bedrock with shallow soils, or on sandy soils. Exposed bedrock ranges from 5-20%. These sites are rapidly drained. The vegetation contains a tree canopy with a mix of <i>Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera</i> and, occasionally, <i>Populus grandidentata</i>. Percent cover ranges from 20-60%. There is often a subcanopy (usually about 30% cover) containing the species in the canopy as well as <i>Abies balsamea, Acer rubrum</i> and, less commonly, <i>Quercus ellipsoidalis</i>. In the patches of soil that exist between the bedrock outcrops, vegetation can be more forest-like. These areas contain a short-shrub layer of <i>Corylus cornuta</i> and <i>Populus</i> spp. with cover ranging from 20-90%. The herb layer in these patches consists of <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Pteridium aquilinum</i> and <i>Eurybia macrophylla</i> with cover typically in the 60-70% range. The bedrock outcrops often contain a low cover of <i>Vaccinium</i> spp. The herb layer associated with bedrock typically contains <i>Woodsia ilvensis, Schizachne purpurascens</i> and <i>Elymus trachycaulus</i>, with cover usually low (less than 25%). These bedrock areas may also contain a low cover of <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i> and <i>Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis</i> and <i>Cladonia stellaris</i>. Diagnostic features are the canopy of <i>Populus tremuloides, Populus grandidentata</i>, and/or <i>Betula papyrifera</i>, with less than 60% cover and canopy closure prevented by the presence of exposed bedrock. |
Comm #2998
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Pinus banksiana / Cladonia spp. Rock Outcrop Vegetation
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:31399-{ABBCBFB6-F1AD-4442-9351-92B5C60E9878}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
3
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This granite/metamorphic rock outcrop is found in rocky openings on and near the subboreal regions of the Canadian Shield in the northern Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, and possibly in northern New England. Stands are typically composed of granite or metamorphic rock, and possibly basalt. They occur on relatively level or rounded areas of exposed bedrock, sometimes along lake shorelines, including the Great Lakes shorelines. Soil development is minimal, and pH is typically acidic. Occurrences are typically a mosaic of exposed bedrock with patches of low vegetation dominated by fruticose lichens and mosses (which cover about 40% of the area) and scattered trees and shrubs (which rarely exceed 20% cover). Bare rock (with crustose lichens) covers about 30% of the area. Lichen species include <i>Cladonia rangiferina</i> and <i> Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis</i>. Mosses include <i>Dicranum</i> spp., <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i>, and <i>Polytrichum</i> spp. The vascular vegetation is typically sparse. Scattered trees and shrubs include <i>Amelanchier</i> spp., <i>Diervilla lonicera, Juniperus communis, Pinus banksiana, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Prunus pensylvanica, Quercus rubra, Salix bebbiana</i>, and <i>Vaccinium angustifolium</i>. The sparse herbaceous layer includes <i>Agrostis hyemalis, Aralia hispida, Campanula rotundifolia, Corydalis sempervirens, Danthonia spicata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Chamerion angustifolium, Poa compressa</i>, and <i>Sibbaldiopsis tridentata</i>. |
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