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Reference
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Description |
Comm #3161
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Alnus incana / Equisetum arvense Wet Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30055-{EDBA4B35-C272-4112-8BDA-363CCFA1BF3A}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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These seasonally flooded, tall shrublands have been reported from montane sites in Colorado, Utah, Oregon, Washington, and may occur in California and Idaho. They have been described from frequently flooded streambanks, swales, floodplains, and shores of lakes and ponds. Soils range from shallow loamy sand, loam or silt over alluvial gravel or cobbles, to organic loam, peat and muck. Vegetation is dominated by a moderate to dense canopy (>40% cover) of the deciduous, broad-leaved tall shrub <i>Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia</i>. Other shrubs may include scattered <i>Salix, Betula, Cornus</i>, or <i>Ribes</i> spp. <i>Equisetum arvense</i> often forms a thick carpet beneath young to mature alder shrubs. Mesic forbs or other graminoids are typically sparse but may include <i>Calamagrostis canadensis, Glyceria striata</i>, Asteraceae spp., <i>Galium boreale</i>, or <i>Geum macrophyllum</i>. This shrubland can be distinguished from other <i>Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia</i>-dominated shrublands by the presence of at least 25% cover of <i>Equisetum arvense</i>. |
Comm #3162
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Forestiera pubescens Wet Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30077-{C92883BD-C986-4683-8300-157FB00EC611}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This shrubland association is reported from canyon bottoms, floodplains, sandy terraces along major rivers, and washes in southwestern Colorado, northeastern Arizona, southeastern Utah, southern Nevada and southern California. Elevation ranges from 1340 to 1680 m (4400-5500 feet). Stands typically form a narrow, but continuous, band about 3 m above the channel on streambanks and natural levees at the interface between the riparian zone and drier uplands. They occur on the outer edge of the active floodplain. Soils range from silty clays over clay loam to sandy loam derived from alluvium. This shrubland consists of a dense to open canopy of <i>Forestiera pubescens</i>, often with <i>Atriplex canescens, Ericameria nauseosa</i>, or <i>Rhus trilobata</i>, on the flat benches and floodplains adjacent to and above the river channel. There is often a mix of riparian and upland vegetation in these areas, with <i>Salix exigua</i> forming a dense band along the stream edge. This dense riparian shrubland can form a narrow, unfragmented, continuous cover that may alternate creekside to creekside, as part of the natural mosaic of the floodplain for one-tenth of a mile to several miles. <i>Phragmites australis</i>, a tall erect grass, or <i>Sporobolus airoides</i> often occur among the shrubs, with <i>Artemisia tridentata, Ericameria nauseosa</i>, or pinyon-juniper dominating the adjacent upland vegetation. The dominance or codominance <i>Forestiera pubescens</i> in the shrub layer characterizes this association. |
Comm #3163
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Salix geyeriana - Salix monticola / Calamagrostis canadensis Wet Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30156-{8C671EDE-6799-49F9-BF4F-E5E5427C9FA1}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This plant association occurs on wide floodplains on the Western Slope and Front Range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains at elevations of 2490-2800 m (8170-9200 feet). Sites occur in areas that are flat or hummocky and typically within 0.5 m (2 feet) of the channel high-water mark. Stream channels where this association occurs are typically narrow and highly sinuous. The willow canopy is nearly a homogeneous mix of <i>Salix geyeriana</i> and <i>Salix monticola</i>. Other shrubs that may be present include <i>Salix planifolia, Salix drummondiana, Lonicera involucrata</i>, and <i>Ribes inerme</i>. The herbaceous layer can be patchy but generally is dominated by <i>Calamagrostis canadensis</i>. Other herbaceous species that may be present include <i>Carex aquatilis, Geum macrophyllum</i>, and <i>Heracleum maximum</i>. |
Comm #3164
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Atriplex canescens Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30190-{9F8C0774-7694-4C81-A216-4B27F3AB876F}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This shrubland association is known from the Great Basin north into the southern Columbia Basin, east into Wyoming, the Colorado Plateau and northern Chihuahuan Desert, and west into the Mojave Desert of California. The vegetation is characterized by a sparse short-shrub layer (10-35% cover) dominated or codominated by <i>Atriplex canescens</i>, typically with a variable and often sparse herbaceous layer. Notable codominants in the shrub layer include <i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Coleogyne ramosissima, Ephedra nevadensis, Eriogonum nummulare, Grayia spinosa, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Lycium pallidum</i>, or several species of <i>Psorothamnus</i>. The herbaceous layer includes low cover of species such as <i>Achnatherum hymenoides, Aristida purpurea, Elymus elymoides, Pleuraphis jamesii</i>, and <i>Sporobolus cryptandrus</i>. Introduced species, especially <i>Bromus tectorum, Bromus diandrus</i>, and <i>Salsola kali</i>, are common on disturbed sites and can create an herbaceous layer much denser than on undisturbed sites. Winter annual forb cover is variable depending on annual precipitation. It is common at middle elevations on alluvial fans and toeslopes in deep, sandy soils but will occur at lower elevations along alluvial benches where soils are often finer-textured and possibly saline/alkaline. Parent materials are variable. |
Comm #3165
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Atriplex canescens - Artemisia tridentata Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30191-{6AE30B45-7D31-4DF9-A185-6892C676644F}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This shrubland is found on the western slope of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert. The vegetation is characterized by a sparse to moderately dense (10-35% cover) short-shrub layer that is codominated by <i>Atriplex canescens</i> and <i>Artemisia tridentata</i>. On some sites, <i>Pinus edulis</i> and/or <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i> canopy trees provide sparse cover. <i>Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Ephedra nevadensis, Ericameria nauseosa, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Gutierrezia microcephala, Sarcobatus vermiculatus</i>, and <i>Suaeda moquinii</i> may be present with low cover on more saline sites. The sparse to moderate herbaceous layer (10-20% cover) is dominated by graminoids with scattered forbs. <i>Achnatherum hymenoides, Bouteloua gracilis, Elymus elymoides, Muhlenbergia asperifolia</i>, and <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i> are common grasses. Forbs have low and varied cover and may include <i>Cirsium neomexicanum, Eriogonum inflatum</i>, or <i>Sphaeralcea coccinea</i>. Introduced species are common in disturbed stands. Elevation ranges from 1160-2100 m (3800-6900 feet). Stands occur on level plains, valley bottoms, alluvial flats, stream terraces, low and midslopes. Slopes are typically less than 25%, but this shrubland has been documented on steep slopes as well. It occurs on all aspects. Substrates are well-drained, typically fine-textured soils (silty loam and clay) but may include coarser-textured soils (loamy sand). |
Comm #3166
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Coleogyne ramosissima / Pleuraphis jamesii Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30243-{B8E58D7E-2D8D-4B13-B2CF-899099342482}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This shrubland association occurs in the Colorado Plateau and Mojave Desert in areas with hot summers and cold winters. The vegetation is characterized by an open (10-30% cover) short-shrub layer that is dominated by the deciduous, microphyllous shrub <i>Coleogyne ramosissima</i> with a sparse to moderately dense perennial graminoid layer that is dominated or codominated by <i>Pleuraphis jamesii</i>. Shrub associates may be present, including <i>Atriplex canescens, Atriplex confertifolia, Ephedra nevadensis, Ephedra torreyana, Ericameria nauseosa, Gutierrezia sarothrae</i>, and <i>Opuntia</i> spp. <i>Achnatherum hymenoides, Calochortus nuttallii</i>, and several annuals may be present to abundant in the herbaceous layer, especially during wet years. Cover of introduced annual <i>Bromus</i> species and <i>Salsola tragus</i> may be high in disturbed stands. Occasional <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i> or <i>Pinus edulis</i> trees are present in some stands. Sites are gently sloping to flat and are found on a variety of landforms from canyon rims and ledges to alluvial fans, valleys and washes with some stands occurring on sandsheets or shale barrens. Elevations range up to 1850 m (6070 feet). Substrates are variable and range from deep, well-drained, sandy soils derived from sandstone to rocky, clayey soils derived from shale. |
Comm #3167
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NY Heritage: Limestone woodland
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accession code: VB.CC.28723.NYHERITAGELIMES
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Ecological Communities of New York, 2nd Ed. |
2
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A woodland that occurs on shallow soils over limestone bedrock in non-alvar settings, and usually includes numerous rock outcrops. The tree canopy may be open or closed. There are usually several codominant trees, although one species may become dominant in any one stand.
Characteristic canopy trees in some stands are primarily conifers such as northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis), white pine (Pinus strobus), white spruce (Picea glauca), and balsam fir (Abies balsamea). In other stands the characteristic canopy trees are primarily hardwoods such as hop hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), white oak (Quercus alba), bur oak (Q. macrocarpa), red oak (Q. rubra), and basswood (Tilia americana). There are also stands that include mixtures of these conifers and hardwoods. More data are needed on these variations in canopy composition and related changes in understory composition.
The shrublayer is variable, becoming more dense where the canopy is open and soils are deeper. Characteristic shrubs include gray dogwood (Cornus foemina ssp. racemosa), wild honeysuckle (Lonicera dioica), alder-leaf buckthorn (Rhamnus alnifolia), prickly gooseberry (Ribes cynosbati), raspberries (Rubus idaeus, R. occidentalis), bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia), shadbush (Amelanchier spp.), and poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans).
The groundlayer may be quite diverse, with many grasses, sedges, and forbs. Characteristic herbs include sedges (Carex eburnea, C. pensylvanica, C. platyphylla), marginal wood fern (Dryopteris marginalis), rattlesnake fern (Botrychium virginianum), bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum), barren strawberry (Waldsteinia fragarioides), big-leaf aster (Aster macrophyllus), wild strawberry (Fragaria virginiana), black snakeroot (Sanicula marilandica), herb robert (Geranium robertianum), Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense), false Solomon's-seal (Maianthemum racemosum), early meadow-rue (Thalictrum dioicum), white trillium (Trillium grandiflorum), and blue-stem goldenrod (Solidago caesia). Shaded rock surfaces and crevices often support ferns such as rock polypody (Polypodium virginianum) and maidenhair spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes). More data on regional variants and characteristic animals are needed. |
Comm #3168
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ARTEMISIA TRIDENTATA VAR. PAUCIFLORA DWARF-SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.29867.ARTEMISIATRIDEN
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NVC 2004 |
2
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Comm #3169
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SALIX BEBBIANA SEASONALLY FLOODED SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30537.SALIXBEBBIANASE
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NVC 2004 |
2
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Comm #3170
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CRESTED WHEATGRASS SHRUB HERBACEOUS ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.29978.CRESTEDWHEATGRA
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NVC 2004 |
2
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