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Description |
Comm #351
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Pinus virginiana - Quercus montana / Packera antennariifolia - Phlox subulata Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35188-{8BD932BD-B2E1-4481-A172-D29789AD3FB9}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
52
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These patchy woodland barrens are found in the southern half of the Central Appalachians on steep, unstable shale slopes. The southeast-to-southwest aspect and high cover of shale fragments contribute to a xeric moisture regime. This and the acidic pH limit the establishment and survival of many vascular plants while favoring a number of specially adapted ones. Most commonly exhibiting a patchy woodland cover, often with herbaceous openings, these barrens occasionally range from a closed canopy to open shrublands; most sites have less than 50% canopy cover of stunted trees. Shrubs are often sparse and usually less than 30% cover. Herbaceous cover varies widely but is typically less than 50%. <i>Pinus virginiana</i> and <i>Quercus montana</i>, in varying mixtures, are the dominant trees. Associates vary from site to site; the more frequent are <i>Carya glabra, Quercus rubra, Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana, Quercus alba, Pinus strobus, Quercus velutina</i>, and <i>Carya ovata</i>. <i>Amelanchier arborea</i> is a common small tree. Shrubs include <i>Quercus ilicifolia, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Rosa carolina</i>, and <i>Rhus aromatica</i>. The ground layer is dominated by the graminoids <i>Carex pensylvanica, Danthonia spicata</i>, and occasionally <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i>. The species-rich and distinctive forb component is characterized by shale-barren endemics or near-endemics including <i>Paronychia montana, Packera antennariifolia, Antennaria virginica, Scutellaria ovata</i>, and <i>Clematis albicoma</i>, as well as the wider-ranging species <i>Houstonia longifolia, Phlox subulata, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Cunila origanoides, Potentilla canadensis</i>, the fern <i>Cheilanthes lanosa, Campanula divaricata, Solidago bicolor, Lespedeza</i> spp., <i>Clematis coactilis, Coreopsis major, Symphyotrichum undulatum, Helianthus divaricatus</i>, and <i>Viola pedata</i>. Additional shale-barren endemics or near-endemics that may occur in this type include <i>Arabis serotina, Eriogonum allenii, Oenothera argillicola, Solidago arguta var. harrisii, Taenidia montana</i>, and <i>Trifolium virginicum</i>. This association is distinguished from other acidic shale-barren types in the Central Appalachians by its higher species richness and presence of more shale-barren endemics or near-endemics. Indicators include <i>Phlox subulata, Packera antennariifolia, Antennaria virginica, Arabis serotina, Campanula divaricata, Clematis coactilis, Clematis albicoma, Penstemon canescens, Penstemon pallidus, Silene caroliniana</i>, and <i>Sedum glaucophyllum</i>. |
Comm #352
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Pinus echinata - Quercus (montana, falcata) / Oxydendrum arboreum / Vaccinium pallidum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35700-{DA83885E-AFB5-4D85-9D30-FC99A821D417}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
52
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This association includes crests of low-elevation slopes and ridges on the fringes of the Southern Blue Ridge, extending into the southern Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Plateau, where <i>Pinus echinata</i> and dry-site oaks characteristic of lower elevations codominate in association with other Appalachian flora. This forest is known from the southern Blue Ridge Escarpment of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, particularly in the Blue Ridge/Piedmont transition, where it occurs on exposed, rocky ridges and upper, convex slopes, at elevations at or below 670 m (2200 feet). It also extends into the southern Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Plateau, but more information is needed to characterize the variation in that part of the range. This community may occur in slightly more protected situations in the hotter Piedmont ecoregion. Canopies are codominated by <i>Pinus echinata</i> and combinations of dry-site oaks that may include <i>Quercus falcata, Quercus coccinea, Quercus montana, Quercus stellata</i>, and <i>Quercus velutina</i>. On rocky sites, canopies may be slightly stunted. Mid-canopy trees can be scattered or form a well-developed subcanopy. Common subcanopy trees can include <i>Oxydendrum arboreum, Ilex opaca var. opaca, Cornus florida, Quercus marilandica, Quercus stellata</i>, and <i>Carya pallida</i>. The shrub stratum varies in composition and density but is typically dominated by <i>Vaccinium pallidum</i>. Other shrubs may include <i>Vaccinium stamineum, Gaylussacia ursina, Gaylussacia baccata, Rhododendron calendulaceum, Rhododendron minus, Castanea pumila</i>, and <i>Kalmia latifolia</i>. On some sites <i>Symplocos tinctoria</i> can be important. <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i> and <i>Smilax glauca</i> are common vines. The herb stratum is poorly developed with scattered species such as <i>Chimaphila maculata, Iris verna, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Goodyera pubescens, Hexastylis arifolia, Coreopsis major, Tipularia discolor, Schizachyrium scoparium, Pityopsis graminifolia var. latifolia, Tephrosia virginiana, Silphium compositum, Dichanthelium</i> spp., and <i>Galax urceolata</i>. |
Comm #353
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Alder - ninebark wetland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/ecoObs:commConcept:17481-{4B08FB0F-E134-4A3F-90B2-2BE415F8A20F}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
52
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Comm #354
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Dry oak-heath forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:17503-{CF70C2B8-2A64-48FF-9964-EB19D9E8F234}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
52
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Comm #355
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DWARF SAGEBRUSH DWARF-SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30005.DWARFSAGEBRUSHD
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NVC 2004 |
51
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Comm #356
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TAMARIX RAMOSISSIMA SEMI-NATURAL TEMPORARILY FLOODED SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30309.TAMARIXRAMOSISS
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NVC 2004 |
51
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Comm #357
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Populus angustifolia - Picea pungens / Alnus incana Riparian Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:29843-{8E8D1FFE-A5A2-4C39-8209-BB0725087E54}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
51
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This plant association is a common riparian woodland in Colorado. Elevation ranges from roughly 1950-2925 m (6400-9600 feet). Stands occur along moderate-sized meandering streams and rivers in narrow to moderately wide mountain valleys and deep canyons with moderate stream gradients. It occurs on floodplains, active channel margins, and stream terraces. The shallow soils are derived from cobbly alluvium. Stands have an open to moderately dense (20-60% cover), mixed deciduous-evergreen tree canopy with <i>Populus angustifolia</i> and <i>Picea pungens</i> codominant. Frequently, other conifer trees are present, but not as abundant as <i>Picea pungens</i>. The shrub understory is typically dense and diverse. <i>Alnus incana</i> is always present. The moderate herbaceous layer is diverse, provides up to 30% cover, and is dominated by various graminoids with low cover of often diverse forbs. |
Comm #358
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Muhlenbergia filipes - Spartina patens - Rhynchospora colorata Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:32897-{D758897C-0BC7-48D1-8BC9-657ED1C46ACA}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
51
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This association represents moist interdune flats codominated by some combination of <i>Muhlenbergia filipes, Spartina patens, Rhynchospora colorata</i>, and <i>Eustachys petraea</i>. Additional graminoids may include lesser amounts of <i>Andropogon glomeratus, Eragrostis spectabilis, Juncus megacephalus, Juncus scirpoides, Panicum virgatum</i>, and the exotic <i>Eremochloa ophiuroides</i>. Forbs may include <i>Centella erecta, Gaillardia pulchella, Heterotheca subaxillaris, Phyla nodiflora, Sisyrinchium atlanticum</i>, and <i>Solidago sempervirens</i>. A sparse (0-10%) layer of emergent shrubs, including <i>Baccharis halimifolia, Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola, Morella cerifera, Sideroxylon tenax, Smilax auriculata</i>, and <i>Smilax bona-nox</i>, may also be present. In Florida this community occurs in narrow bands or swales alternating with higher ridges. These often fill with standing water after rains. In North Carolina and Georgia, it may occupy broader grassy flats between the outer dunes and the salt marsh on the inland side of barrier islands, as well as narrow dune swales. Succession to woody vegetation is indicated by increasing cover of <i>Morella cerifera</i> or <i>Salix caroliniana</i>. |
Comm #359
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Quercus lyrata - Carya aquatica Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35642-{3E176D63-99A1-42A2-AC93-6398D6E0DB97}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
51
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This bottomland forest ranges from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain west to the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain. The canopy is typically dominated by <i>Quercus lyrata</i> and <i>Carya aquatica</i>. It is distinguished from other <i>Quercus lyrata</i> forests of the Gulf region by the absence of <i>Quercus texana</i>. Stands that lack <i>Quercus texana</i> and have either significant amounts of <i>Carya aquatica</i> are covered here [see Similar Associations). Other canopy associates may include <i>Gleditsia aquatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum var. drummondii, Taxodium distichum, Populus deltoides</i>, and <i>Diospyros virginiana</i>. Shrubs include <i>Planera aquatica, Cornus foemina</i>, and <i>Cephalanthus occidentalis</i>. Subcanopy, shrub, herbaceous, and vine density and diversity are directly affected by the timing, duration, and depth of seasonal flooding. Herbaceous growth and diversity will be limited in areas of consistently longer hydroperiod. More detailed information is needed on the floristics and environment of this association. |
Comm #360
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Abies lasiocarpa Woodland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30591.ABIESLASIOCARPA
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NVC 2004 |
50
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