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Reference
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Description |
Comm #3631
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Pinus rigida - Quercus (velutina, montana) Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34937-{AB531AD7-D2A0-4A3D-8C9A-794548AB60F8}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This inland dry oak-pine forest of the Northeast occurs on well-drained to droughty soils of glacial outwash or till and on shallow soils on ridges and south-facing slopes. The tree canopy is codominated by <i>Pinus rigida</i> and several oak species, including <i>Quercus velutina, Quercus alba</i>, and <i>Quercus montana</i>, and an understory of ericaceous species. Canopy associates include <i>Pinus strobus</i> and, less frequently, <i>Quercus rubra, Pinus resinosa</i> (to the north), or <i>Pinus virginiana</i> (to the south). The shrub layer tends to be fairly open, with <i>Kalmia latifolia, Gaylussacia baccata, Vaccinium angustifolium</i>, and <i>Vaccinium pallidum</i> and occasionally <i>Quercus ilicifolia</i> (although this species is generally absent in the Western Allegheny Plateau). Typical herbs include <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Pteridium aquilinum, Gaultheria procumbens, Comptonia peregrina, Carex pensylvanica</i>, and <i>Carex communis</i>. <i>Lespedeza capitata</i> and <i>Desmodium</i> spp. are associates as well. <i>Solidago odora</i> also occurs on the High Allegheny Plateau. |
Comm #3632
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Betula alleghaniensis - Quercus rubra / Polypodium virginianum Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34966-{22BE3E81-F4C7-4705-8039-4CF11140CBDA}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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Comm #3633
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Dasiphora fruticosa / Rhynchospora capillacea - Scleria verticillata Fen
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35001-{164091F1-48DA-4A0B-8FF8-4A08E197233C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This fen vegetation occurs in seepage areas of marl deposits along the shores of calcareous lakes in New Jersey, New York, and perhaps elsewhere. Saturated, calcium-rich marl deposits support stunted vegetation that is often sparse. The dominant species are graminoids, including <i>Carex flava, Eleocharis rostellata, Cladium mariscoides</i>, and <i>Rhynchospora capillacea</i>. Additional species present include <i>Scleria verticillata, Lycopus uniflorus, Parnassia glauca, Sarracenia purpurea, Schoenoplectus acutus, Oligoneuron ohioense, Triglochin palustris, Juncus articulatus, Lobelia kalmii, Carex crawei, Panicum flexile, Equisetum variegatum, Utricularia minor</i>, and <i>Carex eburnea</i>. Shrubs may occur sporadically and can include <i>Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda, Juniperus horizontalis</i>, and <i>Thuja occidentalis</i>. Nonvascular species can include <i>Campylium stellatum</i> and, in pools or along streambanks, <i>Chara vulgaris</i>. |
Comm #3634
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Myrica gale - Chamaedaphne calyculata / Carex exilis Acidic Peatland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35036-{DD445DF7-C2A2-4361-AF78-95143B6CC157}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This Coastal Plain poor fen is currently known from the northeastern United States. This weakly minerotrophic peatland overlies sand and gravel deposits. Sedges are dominant and commonly overtop the dwarf-shrub layer, which can be patchy and scattered. The dwarf-shrub layer is dominated by <i>Myrica gale</i> and <i>Chamaedaphne calyculata</i> plus <i>Vaccinium macrocarpon, Gaylussacia dumosa, Spiraea alba var. latifolia, Spiraea tomentosa</i>, and sometimes <i>Alnus incana ssp. rugosa</i> or <i>Decodon verticillatus</i>. The herbaceous layer is very well-developed and dominated by sedges, including <i>Carex exilis, Carex bullata, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex rostrata, Carex striata, Cladium mariscoides, Rhynchospora alba, Rhynchospora capitellata, Rhynchospora fusca, Eriophorum virginicum</i>, and occasionally <i>Scirpus longii</i>. Additional herbs include <i>Juncus canadensis, Juncus pelocarpus, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Triadenum virginicum, Utricularia gibba, Utricularia purpurea, Pogonia ophioglossoides, Calopogon tuberosus, Sarracenia purpurea</i>, and <i>Eleocharis tuberculosa</i>. <i>Sphagnum</i> mosses are abundant including <i>Sphagnum bartlettianum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum flavicomans, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum recurvum, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum torreyanum</i>, and <i>Sphagnum henryense</i>. Scattered, stunted trees, especially <i>Chamaecyparis thyoides</i> and <i>Acer rubrum</i>, may be present. Key diagnostic features are the presence of Coastal Plain indicators amidst acidic fen vegetation, such as <i>Carex exilis, Carex striata, Sphagnum torreyanum</i>, and <i>Gaylussacia dumosa</i>.<br /><br />In New Jersey, this vegetation occurs adjacent to a freshwater tidal marsh. Characteristic species include a short-shrub layer dominated by <i>Chamaedaphne calyculata, Chamaecyparis thyoides</i> (dwarf), <i>Morella pensylvanica</i>, and <i>Spiraea tomentosa</i>. The herbaceous layer is diverse and characterized by <i>Rhynchospora alba, Rhynchospora capitellata, Rhynchospora chalarocephala, Rhynchospora gracilenta, Juncus canadensis, Juncus pelocarpus, Eleocharis tuberculosa, Xyris difformis, Xyris torta, Andropogon glomeratus, Andropogon virginicus, Schizachyrium scoparium, Dulichium arundinaceum, Glyceria obtusa, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Viola lanceolata, Viola x primulifolia, Sarracenia purpurea, Symphyotrichum novi-belgii, Iris prismatica, Euthamia caroliniana, Eupatorium pilosum, Triadenum virginicum, Linum striatum, Lobelia nuttallii, Rhexia mariana, Sagittaria calycina var. spongiosa, Utricularia gibba, Utricularia geminiscapa, Calopogon tuberosus, Pogonia ophioglossoides, Spiranthes odorata, Lycopodiella appressa, Lycopodiella alopecuroides</i>, and a nonvascular layer dominated by <i>Sphagnum magellanicum</i> and <i>Sphagnum angermanicum</i>. |
Comm #3635
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Dulichium arundinaceum - Juncus canadensis - Juncus pelocarpus Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35058-{BDE4DC98-A5B0-4835-B18D-59737819D3E7}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This Atlantic Coastal Plain pond community occurs in Delaware and Maryland. The vegetation is dominated by <i>Dulichium arundinaceum</i> and <i>Juncus canadensis</i>. Other associated species include <i>Polygonum punctatum, Utricularia</i> spp., <i>Triadenum virginicum</i>, and <i>Scirpus cyperinus</i>. |
Comm #3636
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Thuja occidentalis - Fraxinus pennsylvanica / Acer pensylvanicum Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35139-{79B85E73-7221-42FC-B1BD-D0F08D319431}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This association is a northern white-cedar open-canopy woodland known only from scattered locations in northern New England. It occurs on gentle to moderately steep slopes over talus, glacial till, or bedrock, in settings that are not xeric and that may have areas where seepage emerges. Where the underlying bedrock is granitic, the near-coastal location may ameliorate the effects of the acidic substrate to some degree; substrates in other locations appear to have a circumneutral tendency. Canopy closure is variable from closed to quite open. The lower layers are typically sparse, although the herb layer may be locally extensive. The canopy is strongly dominated by <i>Thuja occidentalis</i>. Associated canopy trees include <i>Betula papyrifera, Betula alleghaniensis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Picea rubens, Pinus strobus, Tsuga canadensis, Abies balsamea</i>, or <i>Acer saccharum</i>. The shrub layer may include <i>Abies balsamea, Acer pensylvanicum, Diervilla lonicera</i>, or <i>Amelanchier</i> spp. The herbaceous layer includes <i>Eurybia macrophylla, Oclemena acuminata, Dryopteris marginalis, Maianthemum canadense, Trientalis borealis, Danthonia spicata, Carex pedunculata, Carex gracillima</i>, and <i>Carex laxiflora</i>. Typical bryophytes include <i>Dicranum</i> spp., <i>Leucobryum glaucum, Pleurozium schreberi</i>, and <i>Hylocomium splendens</i>. This cedar woodland overstory of the association resembles that of ~<i>Thuja occidentalis / Gaylussacia baccata - Vaccinium angustifolium</i> Woodland (CEGL006411)$$, but the mesic conditions, presence of <i>Fraxinus</i> spp. or <i>Betula alleghaniensis</i>, and lack of a heath layer distinguish this community. |
Comm #3637
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Fagus grandifolia - Quercus alba / Acer (floridanum, leucoderme) / Solidago auriculata Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35478-{5AFEEC18-3D93-4EEB-8183-1E0CB8D7F95E}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This mesic, subcalcareous forest of the West Gulf Coastal Plain of eastern Texas and western Louisiana is typically dominated by an uneven-aged canopy of <i>Fagus grandifolia</i> and <i>Quercus alba</i>. It is further characterized by a rich, vernal understory flora and the presence of a number of species which indicate both mesic and calciphilic habitats in the West Gulf Coastal Plain, such as <i>Acer leucoderme, Acer floridanum, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Hamamelis virginiana, Solidago auriculata, Lithospermum tuberosum, Cynoglossum virginianum, Uvularia perfoliata, Dioscorea villosa</i>, and <i>Smilax pumila</i>. This type remains incompletely documented and understood due to relatively recent recognition of the existence of <i>Acer leucoderme</i> in eastern Texas. <i>Viburnum dentatum, Viburnum acerifolium, Aesculus pavia var. pavia, Ilex opaca var. opaca, Asimina triloba, Ostrya virginiana, Carpinus caroliniana ssp. caroliniana, Cornus florida</i>, and <i>Styrax grandifolius</i> are also indicative of this type. |
Comm #3638
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Fagus grandifolia - Quercus alba / Ilex opaca / Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35479-{3548F855-00E1-4D81-B3C4-99D1482CDB5A}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This mesic acidic forest of the West Gulf Coastal Plain is dominated by <i>Fagus grandifolia</i> and <i>Quercus alba</i>. It is further typified by the presence of a fairly diverse number of species which indicate high-quality mesic, acidic habitats in the region. The scattered to patchy tall-shrub stratum includes <i>Ilex opaca var. opaca, Carpinus caroliniana, Ostrya virginiana, Cornus florida, Styrax grandifolius</i>, and <i>Crataegus marshallii</i>. The sparse herbaceous layer includes <i>Polystichum acrostichoides, Trillium gracile, Prenanthes altissima</i> (uncommon), <i>Spigelia marilandica</i> (uncommon), <i>Galium circaezans, Desmodium nudiflorum, Uvularia perfoliata, Polygonatum biflorum, Arisaema triphyllum, Viola walteri, Mitchella repens, Tipularia discolor, Lilium michauxii, Smilax herbacea</i> (uncommon-rare), and <i>Podophyllum peltatum</i>. |
Comm #3639
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Quercus alba - Quercus rubra - Carya ovata / Cercis canadensis - Juniperus virginiana Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35510-{1329D2EE-1FF2-41E4-98B3-99C8898AC04F}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This dry-mesic late-successional Appalachian forest occurs on slopes with southerly aspects and well-drained upland soils. The canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, Carya ovata</i>, and <i>Carya tomentosa</i>. Other <i>Quercus</i> species are common in the canopy (<i>Quercus falcata, Quercus stellata, Quercus coccinea, Quercus muehlenbergii</i>, and <i>Quercus velutina</i>). Other canopy species can include <i>Pinus virginiana, Pinus echinata, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Quercus montana, Liriodendron tulipifera</i>, and <i>Fraxinus americana</i>. A mixture of calciphilic and acidophilic trees are present in the subcanopy, including <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Acer leucoderme, Nyssa sylvatica, Cornus florida, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Oxydendrum arboreum</i>. <i>Acer saccharum, Acer nigrum</i>, or <i>Acer leucoderme</i> are sometimes present in the canopy and are often common in the lower strata (subcanopy, tall-shrub, and low-shrub). Other species in the shrub strata include <i>Cornus florida, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Ulmus alata, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium arboreum, Viburnum rufidulum, Frangula caroliniana</i>, and <i>Ostrya virginiana</i>. The herbaceous layer can be moderately dense to somewhat sparse. Possible herbaceous species are <i>Polystichum acrostichoides, Hexastylis arifolia var. ruthii, Dioscorea quaternata, Galium circaezans, Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Toxicodendron radicans, Zizia aptera, Chamaelirium luteum, Desmodium nudiflorum, Desmodium rotundifolium</i>, and other <i>Desmodium</i> species. |
Comm #3640
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Quercus falcata - Quercus (coccinea, stellata) / Vaccinium (pallidum, stamineum) Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35516-{8906C242-22AD-427C-97CC-6309C233E3D9}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This oak forest is at least a moderately widespread type, present in the Interior Low Plateau and Cumberlands/Southern Ridge and Valley from Kentucky to Alabama. It is typically codominated by <i>Quercus falcata, Quercus coccinea</i>, and/or <i>Quercus stellata</i>. Other canopy associates vary across its range. Additional <i>Quercus</i> species may be present in the canopy and/or subcanopy (e.g., <i>Quercus velutina</i> and <i>Quercus marilandica</i> in the Cumberland and Interior Low plateaus; <i>Quercus alba, Quercus rubra</i>, or <i>Quercus muehlenbergii</i> in the Ridge and Valley or other more montane or submontane situations) along with several <i>Carya</i> species (e.g., <i>Carya tomentosa, Carya ovata, Carya carolinae-septentrionalis</i>, or <i>Carya glabra</i>). The canopy may contain substantial coverage by <i>Pinus</i> spp. (e.g., <i>Pinus virginiana, Pinus echinata</i>), as well as <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Fraxinus americana, Acer floridanum</i>, and/or <i>Acer saccharum</i>. The subcanopy is relatively dense, with coverage of 25-60%. Subcanopy species may include <i>Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Fraxinus americana, Nyssa sylvatica, Oxydendrum arboreum, Prunus serotina var. serotina</i>, and <i>Sassafras albidum</i>. <i>Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana</i> may be prominent in the subcanopy and shrub layers of fire-suppressed examples. Shrubs may include <i>Vaccinium pallidum, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium arboreum, Gaylussacia baccata</i>, and rarely <i>Gaylussacia dumosa</i>. Calcareous examples may have coverage by <i>Frangula caroliniana</i> and <i>Symphoricarpos orbiculatus</i>. Herbaceous species present nearly always include <i>Smilax glauca, Rhus copallinum, Toxicodendron radicans, Vitis rotundifolia</i>, and <i>Chimaphila maculata</i>. Other typical herbs include <i>Aristolochia serpentaria, Symphyotrichum dumosum, Clitoria mariana, Cypripedium acaule, Desmodium nudiflorum, Euphorbia corollata, Galium circaezans, Ipomoea pandurata, Solidago odora, Tephrosia virginiana, Potentilla simplex, Gillenia stipulata, Pteridium aquilinum, Piptochaetium avenaceum, Lespedeza</i> spp., <i>Dichanthelium</i> spp., <i>Coreopsis major, Mimosa microphylla</i>, and <i>Hypericum hypericoides</i>. |
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