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Description |
Comm #3661
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Quercus stellata - Pinus virginiana / (Schizachyrium scoparium, Piptochaetium avenaceum) Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36473-{84A76EDB-2870-4974-BE8C-325EED22DEDD}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This association represents Ridge and Valley woodlands found on the "Red Knobs" landform in the vicinity of Little Toqua Creek in the Cherokee National Forest. These knobs are composed of red calcareous sandstone. The reddish soils are of the Tellico Soil Series, which consists of well-drained soils on high hills and knobs, formed in residuum from reddish, calcareous sandstone, which contains seams of sandy shale. These knobs are from 275-300 m (900-1000 feet) high and are capped by a series of openings with xeric vegetation dominated by <i>Quercus stellata</i> and <i>Pinus virginiana</i>. Canopy closure is variable; the knobs with lower canopy closure exhibit an herbaceous stratum dominated by <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i> and/or <i>Piptochaetium avenaceum</i>. These open woodlands have a grass- and forb-dominated understory, exhibiting a barrens-like appearance. The most notable and characteristic species in this stratum are <i>Andropogon gerardii, Lithospermum canescens</i> and <i>Manfreda virginica</i>. Other herbaceous species include <i>Agrimonia</i> sp., <i>Antennaria</i> sp., <i>Arabis laevigata, Minuartia patula</i>?, <i>Asclepias tuberosa, Asclepias viridiflora</i>, Asteraceae spp., <i>Bidens</i> sp., <i>Desmodium rotundifolium, Desmodium</i> sp., <i>Dichanthelium boscii, Eutrochium fistulosum, Euphorbia corollata, Geranium carolinianum, Helianthus hirsutus, Helianthus</i> sp., <i>Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule, Hypoxis hirsuta, Lespedeza</i> sp., <i>Parthenium integrifolium, Penstemon canescens, Phlox amoena, Pycnanthemum tenuifolium, Sanicula</i> sp., <i>Packera anonyma, Sphenopholis nitida</i>?, <i>Tephrosia virginiana</i>, and <i>Verbena simplex</i>. |
Comm #3662
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Quercus falcata - Quercus stellata - (Pinus taeda) West Gulf Coastal Plain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36482-{E65B101A-8ECE-4EEF-9761-18EBC569E453}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This association includes predominately hardwood-dominated forests of the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain. Stands documented in eastern Texas vary somewhat in moisture status and range in composition from those strongly dominated by <i>Quercus falcata</i> in higher landscape positions to nearly equal ratios of <i>Quercus falcata</i> and other hardwood trees, and <i>Pinus taeda</i> in lower slope positions. These forests are relatively low in species diversity and have no other particularly diagnostic species. However, sites dominated by <i>Quercus falcata</i> in combination with other hardwoods are very rare in the region. As currently defined, this type accommodates a slight range of moisture conditions, and the vegetation is necessarily variable; however, all stands are characterized by <i>Quercus falcata</i> as the single most important species. |
Comm #3663
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Quercus alba - Nyssa sylvatica Sandstone Ridgetop Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36505-{83257C41-8CB4-412F-BC19-9E49A171B05C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This community occurs in upland depressions on sandstone on ridgetops in the Cumberland Plateau of Alabama. <i>Quercus alba</i> and <i>Nyssa sylvatica</i> form an open canopy along with <i>Quercus falcata</i> and <i>Carya glabra</i>. Other species include <i>Acer rubrum var. rubrum, Diospyros virginiana, Pinus taeda, Smilax rotundifolia, Smilax glauca, Andropogon virginicus, Dichanthelium</i> sp., <i>Chamaecrista nictitans, Hypericum hypericoides</i>, and <i>Dichanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum</i>. |
Comm #3664
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Pinus taeda - Quercus falcata - Liquidambar styraciflua / Rhus copallinum Ruderal Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36514-{1AEE3022-5A4E-44E3-958C-D97BF50071EC}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This successional, essentially evergreen forest of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain is dominated by a mixture of <i>Pinus taeda</i> with hardwoods, including <i>Quercus</i> spp. and <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>. The oaks present may include <i>Quercus falcata, Quercus hemisphaerica</i>, and <i>Quercus nigra</i>. These forests develop on former mesic to dry-mesic <i>Pinus palustris</i> sites, following removal of <i>Pinus palustris</i> and disturbance. There may be some variation in canopy composition with soil texture. <i>Quercus hemisphaerica</i> may be more prevalent on sandy soils, <i>Quercus nigra</i> on finer-textured ones. Common shrubs include <i>Rhus copallinum</i> and <i>Vaccinium stamineum</i>. |
Comm #3665
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Schizachyrium scoparium - Andropogon ternarius - Liatris microcephala - (Pityopsis ruthii) Riverscour Wet Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36518-{5341E28C-7162-42C6-8934-D7400D6793B8}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This is a riverscour community of the Hiwassee and Ocoee rivers of southeastern Tennessee. In this temporarily flooded river scour community, the herbaceous species are limited to the cracks and crevices of the boulders, with <i>Pityopsis ruthii</i> dominating in many places. In its more open phase, it is dominated by perennial grasses and forbs. The principal grasses here are <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon ternarius</i> (both becoming abundant in areas with increased soils), and <i>Panicum</i> sp. Other abundant herbaceous species include <i>Liatris microcephala, Symphyotrichum novae-angliae, Solidago</i> sp., <i>Coreopsis tripteris</i>, and <i>Agalinis</i> sp. The shrub stratum is also clumpy in distribution with <i>Cornus amomum, Hypericum prolificum</i>, and <i>Eubotrys racemosa</i> also present. Several liana species are present, most notably <i>Bignonia capreolata</i> and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i>, along with the non-native <i>Lonicera japonica</i>. The adjacent blufftop is dominated by <i>Pityopsis ruthii</i> and lichens, with small clusters of <i>Pinus virginiana</i> and <i>Juniperus virginiana</i> scattered throughout, where soils have accumulated, covering between 25 and 40% of the more open areas. The woody plants become thicker about 25 m from the edge, with coverage approaching 75-90% where lack of scour has allowed woody species to invade. Other canopy species noted include <i>Pinus strobus, Platanus occidentalis</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. In the more open areas, these species are small and stunted. |
Comm #3666
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Quercus alba - Nyssa sylvatica Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36534-{1F7E3AA9-644D-47AE-A7B3-C669F71DFA10}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This type includes forests in Virginia and Kentucky. These are seasonally flooded shallow depressions dominated by <i>Quercus alba</i> and <i>Nyssa sylvatica</i>. The documented Virginia site is located near Frozen Knob on Peters Mountain, Alleghany County, in the Ridge and Valley province. More information is needed. |
Comm #3667
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Nyssa biflora - Liquidambar styraciflua / Magnolia virginiana / Hamamelis virginiana - Viburnum nudum Swamp Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36538-{2587E407-0599-4B69-A53B-8DD26C2569AF}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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These saturated forests occur in seepage-influenced areas adjacent to small streams in southern portions of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama and possibly Mississippi. The open tree canopy is typically dominated by <i>Nyssa biflora</i>, with some combination of <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. In addition, <i>Pinus taeda</i> may be present in some stands. The subcanopy (and possibly the canopy in some examples) contains substantial <i>Magnolia virginiana</i>; this stratum may also contain <i>Ilex opaca var. opaca</i> and <i>Cornus foemina</i>. Canopy cover in these seeps is not complete, and the shrub and herbaceous layers may be well-developed. The shrub stratum contains <i>Ilex opaca var. opaca, Viburnum nudum var. nudum, Hamamelis virginiana</i>, and <i>Itea virginica</i>, which may be dominant. Other shrubs present include <i>Viburnum dentatum, Ilex decidua, Cornus foemina, Arundinaria tecta</i>, and others. The herbaceous layer includes <i>Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Woodwardia areolata, Solidago patula var. strictula, Sagittaria latifolia, Penthorum sedoides, Mikania scandens, Juncus effusus, Chelone glabra, Dichanthelium</i> spp., <i>Carex crinita, Carex frankii, Carex intumescens, Carex leptalea, Mitchella repens, Sphagnum</i> spp., and others. Various of these herbs may be locally dominant in patches. Woody vines are common; some typical species are <i>Smilax laurifolia, Smilax rotundifolia, Toxicodendron radicans, Berchemia scandens</i>, and others. This association lacks some of the species characteristic of related vegetation types from further south, such as <i>Morella caroliniensis, Toxicodendron vernix, Ilex coriacea, Clethra alnifolia</i>, and <i>Persea palustris</i>. |
Comm #3668
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Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36543-{D60C47AB-ADE3-4BD3-B51E-D7B9771E5C89}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This association represents extremely rare occurrences of <i>Pinus palustris</i>-dominated vegetation along the periphery of the historic range limits of the species west of the Mississippi River in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain of eastern Texas. As currently understood, this type is not known to occur in Louisiana where <i>Pinus palustris</i>-dominated vegetation did not occur historically in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain. However, this type also includes other isolated patches of <i>Pinus palustris</i> vegetation on loamy soils in the region within the West Gulf Coastal Plain but north of the main belt of contiguous pure <i>Pinus palustris</i> vegetation. All known occurrences in Texas are currently extremely isolated from one another and from other <i>Pinus palustris</i> communities. These areas were likely not subject to the most frequent fires typically associated with <i>Pinus palustris</i>. Due to infrequency of natural fires and loamy soil conditions, the overstory may be somewhat closed and supports a natural mixture of <i>Pinus palustris, Pinus echinata</i>, and <i>Pinus taeda</i>. No known examples have an open, woodland structure, but this type is placed in the <i>Pinus palustris</i> Woodland Alliance. In some stands, the only <i>Pinus palustris</i> present are relicts. This type has a well-developed, fairly diverse layer of hardwoods in the subcanopy, midstory, and short-shrub stratum. The herbaceous layer may be sparse to non-existent, and no particular species are diagnostic of this type. However, this type lacks species typical of xeric and very dry environments of the region. |
Comm #3669
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Trichophorum cespitosum - Osmunda regalis - Rhynchospora capitellata - Oxypolis rigidior Cliff Vegetation
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36551-{D81B8293-B065-40BB-848B-C3F61D779980}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This community occurs on near-vertical, north-facing sandstone cliffs at about 700 m (2200 feet) elevation, and is known only from northeastern Tennessee. Near-constant seepage, the steep north-facing aspect, and the position of this community in a deep gorge maintain saturated conditions. The most abundant plants are <i>Trichophorum cespitosum, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Oxypolis rigidior, Rhynchospora capitellata, Alnus serrulata</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. Other species include <i>Rhododendron minus, Fraxinus americana, Clethra acuminata, Nyssa sylvatica, Spiranthes cernua, Linum striatum, Schizachyrium scoparium, Eurybia divaricata, Hypericum mutilum</i>, and <i>Dichanthelium</i> sp. |
Comm #3670
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Pinus echinata - Pinus taeda - Quercus (alba, stellata) / Oxydendrum arboreum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36554-{9E901B79-0131-4E48-85D9-2B8B9DD738F9}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This shortleaf pine - loblolly pine forest association occurs in the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain, and apparently adjacent areas of the East Gulf Coastal Plain and Piedmont. The canopy is characterized by the presence of both <i>Pinus echinata</i> and <i>Pinus taeda</i>. A mixture of hardwood species are also present, such as <i>Quercus alba, Quercus stellata, Carya tomentosa, Carya glabra, Quercus falcata</i>, and <i>Quercus velutina</i>. In addition to overstory species, the subcanopy includes <i>Cornus florida, Oxydendrum arboreum, Nyssa sylvatica</i>, and <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i>. The patchy shrub layer includes <i>Vaccinium elliottii, Asimina parviflora, Aesculus pavia, Hamamelis virginiana</i>, and <i>Arundinaria gigantea</i>. This community has a sparse herbaceous layer including <i>Piptochaetium avenaceum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Elephantopus tomentosus, Hexastylis arifolia, Iris verna, Rudbeckia fulgida, Solidago juncea, Euphorbia pubentissima</i>, and <i>Mitchella repens</i>. |
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