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Comm #3681
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Pinus taeda - (Pinus echinata) / Quercus michauxii / Thaspium barbinode Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36631-{B9745FCC-2A32-4B40-80EB-F2BDE40453F1}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This dry-mesic <i>Pinus taeda</i> forest is found in eastern Texas in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain. It occurs on an unusually steep, north-facing slope close to the Neches River, in Houston County, Texas. The community has calciphilic tendencies due to the underlying presence of the calcareous Weches Formation. <i>Pinus taeda</i> is the dominant overstory tree, but <i>Pinus echinata</i> is also quite common. The subcanopy abundance of <i>Quercus michauxii</i> is an extremely unusual feature of this community. Calciphilic indicators, including <i>Acer floridanum, Ostrya virginiana, Fraxinus americana</i>, and <i>Cercis canadensis</i>, are present, along with several caric sedges (<i>Carex oxylepis, Carex caroliniana, Carex amphibola, Carex cephalophora</i>, and <i>Carex albicans var. australis</i>). <i>Thaspium barbinode</i> may also be indicative of calciphilic conditions. |
Comm #3682
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Quercus lyrata - Liquidambar styraciflua Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36632-{8C310157-B00A-4CF1-BFB5-2BFDB355ECDB}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This seasonally flooded forest is found in the floodplains of the Chattahoochee River of Alabama as well as in the floodplains of smaller Piedmont interface streams in Georgia. Stands are dominated by a variable combination of <i>Quercus lyrata, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, and <i>Quercus phellos</i>. The use of <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> as a nominal indicates a shorter hydroperiod than stands with <i>Quercus lyrata</i> by itself. Occasional examples have a canopy dominated by <i>Quercus phellos</i> almost exclusively. One example on the Chattahoochee floodplain in Alabama on Fort Benning is dominated by <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i> with lesser amounts of <i>Quercus phellos</i>. These are small-scale seasonally flooded depressions in a temporarily flooded bottomland that appear to flood more often as the result of rainfall accumulation rather than stream or river overflow. <i>Quercus lyrata</i> dominates the center of the depressions (the wettest areas) with <i>Quercus phellos</i> and <i>Liquidambar styraciflua</i> or <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i> fringing the depressions. The open subcanopy is well-developed and contains <i>Carpinus caroliniana, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Ulmus alata</i> in addition to canopy species regeneration. Shrubs are sparse and include <i>Ilex decidua</i> and <i>Rubus</i> spp. Herbaceous vegetation is also sparse (<5% cover) and includes <i>Carex</i> spp. and <i>Zephyranthes atamasca</i> on small rises in the soil surface. The vast majority of the ground surface (95% or more) is covered by a combination of leaf detritus in various stages of decomposition, and exposed mud. |
Comm #3683
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Quercus stellata - Pinus taeda Flatwoods Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36636-{F3CE7BAD-8707-42BC-B3E1-80F9E0FABBB1}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This association is found in the West and Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain ecoregions of eastern Texas and possibly adjacent areas of western Louisiana and Arkansas. Stands occur in slight topographic depressions or shallow ponds on Pleistocene high terraces. These forests are considered to be seasonally flooded since during average years they hold water for a portion of the growing season, albeit for very short duration. These areas may be best thought of as "flatwoods" as the source of the water in the depressions results from precipitation. These areas are dominated by <i>Quercus stellata</i> and <i>Pinus taeda</i> with average canopy cover of 80% or greater. No other tree species have been documented in the canopy of known examples. The understory is very open to sparse and contains <i>Chasmanthium sessiliflorum</i> and <i>Chasmanthium laxum</i> and relatively few additional species. |
Comm #3684
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Quercus myrtifolia - Quercus geminata - Lyonia lucida - Lyonia ferruginea Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36641-{C9573FD2-CCA5-41AA-9562-6A922456C2AA}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This ponded scrub association occurs on highly acidic sands with a seasonally high water table on the Ocala National Forest. The vegetation is broadly similar to other Florida scrub associations, but includes a number of different species because of the seasonally high water table. <i>Pinus clausa</i> may form a scattered to open tree layer, or be present only as shrubby regeneration, depending on fire history. Dominant shrub species include <i>Quercus myrtifolia, Quercus geminata, Ceratiola ericoides, Lyonia lucida, Lyonia ferruginea, Serenoa repens, Polygonella polygama, Vaccinium stamineum, Persea humilis, Lyonia fruticosa, Bejaria racemosa, Quercus chapmanii</i>, and <i>Palafoxia feayi</i>. Herbs are scattered and include <i>Aristida gyrans, Aristida purpurascens, Aristida spiciformis, Balduina angustifolia, Bulbostylis ciliatifolia, Callisia graminea, Eragrostis refracta, Galactia elliottii, Lachnocaulon beyrichianum, Lechea minor, Liatris tenuifolia var. quadriflora, Paronychia rugelii, Rhynchospora megalocarpa, Scleria</i> sp., <i>Selaginella arenicola, Sporobolus curtissii</i>, and <i>Triplasis americana</i>. Nonvasculars can be abundant, especially the lichens <i>Cladonia evansii, Cladonia subtenuis, Cladonia leporina</i>, and <i>Cladonia subradiata</i>. |
Comm #3685
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Quercus chrysolepis - Pinus sabiniana Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36653-{81A31BF9-B7FD-4988-AEF2-9DA835DAAA2D}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This forest association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. Stands of this forest are found at low to mid elevations (1250-1555 m [4100-5100 feet]) on xeric to extremely xeric sites that have southeastern to northwestern aspects. These sites tend to be on convex-shaped, moderately steep to steep (14-36°) slopes. This association is typically found on rocky sites with poorly developed, shallow to deep soils with textures that range from rocky to sandy loam and from granitic parent material. Penetrability is easy to difficult. Stands form an intermittent to open three-story structure dominated by <i>Quercus chrysolepis</i> and <i>Pinus sabiniana</i> in the tree layer. Rarely found are stands with greater than 50% cover of <i>Quercus chrysolepis</i>. <i>Arctostaphylos viscida, Toxicodendron diversilobum</i>, and <i>Ceanothus cuneatus</i> are commonly found contributing variable but usually sparse cover in the shrub layer. A large variety of other species may also be found contributing to minor cover in this association, including <i>Calocedrus decurrens, Umbellularia californica, Quercus wislizeni, Aesculus californica, Adenostoma fasciculatum, Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber, Bromus diandrus, Bromus tectorum, Leptosiphon montanus, Madia</i> sp., <i>Poa secunda, Vulpia microstachys, Vulpia myuros, Dichelostemma capitatum, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Rhamnus ilicifolia</i>, and moss. |
Comm #3686
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Sequoiadendron giganteum - Pinus lambertiana / Cornus nuttallii Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36655-{2D49129C-ACEB-4C8D-9D94-45C234CEA644}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This forest association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. This association is found in mid-slope positions on somewhat poorly drained clay loam and loam soils derived from granite. Elevations range from 1675-2290 m (5500-7500 feet), and aspects are variable. Litter/duff cover averages 85%. Sites are upland. The tree layer (over 50 m tall) averages 40% cover and is composed of <i>Sequoiadendron giganteum</i> and <i>Pinus lambertiana</i>. The tree layer between 10-50 m is composed of <i>Abies lowiana, Pinus lambertiana</i>, and <i>Cornus nuttallii</i>, averaging a total of 50% cover. <i>Cornus nuttallii</i> provides an average 25% cover in the shrub layer (1-5 m), while <i>Corylus cornuta var. californica</i> provides an average of 9% cover. The herb layer varies from 20-80% cover and averages 50%; <i>Adenocaulon bicolor</i> and <i>Galium triflorum</i> provide most of the cover in this layer. Other species in the herb layer include <i>Asyneuma prenanthoides</i> and <i>Cornus nuttallii</i>. Moss cover averages less than 5%. |
Comm #3687
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Abies magnifica - Pinus monticola / Chrysolepis sempervirens Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36662-{C742F1E3-C532-41C3-98DD-96415AA43A1E}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This forest/woodland association is located at higher elevations primarily in the southern and eastern portions of the upper montane in the central and southern Sierra Nevada, California. Yosemite National Park may be near the northern limit of its range. This association typically occurs above 2440 m (8000 feet) with many stands occurring over 2593 m ( 8500 feet) in elevation. Aspects are predominantly northeast and northwest, and the majority of stands are located on upper and middle slopes that are somewhat steep or steeper. Soils are generally derived from granite but may be volcanic or metamorphic in origin and may have evolved in place or formed from alluvium. Soils are typically excessively drained sand or sandy loam that are shallower than most forested sites in the upper montane of the Sierra Nevada. Stands are open with a prominent shrub understory. Overstory composition is characterized by <i>Pinus monticola</i> mixed with <i>Abies magnifica</i>. In some stands, <i>Pinus monticola</i> may reach 50% cover, but in most cases <i>Abies magnifica</i> is the dominant species. <i>Chrysolepis sempervirens</i> is the dominant shrub species. In some cases <i>Arctostaphylos patula</i> is present in substantial amounts, and stands take on the appearance of a mixed shrub plant community. These two shrubs indicate the dry conditions of these stands. The sparse herb layer is composed of widely scattered <i>Arabis platysperma, Penstemon caesius, Pyrola picta</i>, and <i>Erysimum capitatum var. perenne</i>. |
Comm #3688
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Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa / Rhododendron occidentale Riparian Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36669-{D54591A4-D3D3-4611-82CB-B7AEAD314544}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This forest association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. This association is found at approximately 1220 m (4000 feet) elevation on valley floors adjacent to perennial streams. Slopes are gentle with a southerly aspect. Soils are permanently flooded and are sandy loams derived from granite. This forest forms an open canopy between 20-35 m in height. <i>Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa</i> dominates the canopy along with <i>Alnus rhombifolia</i> in the canopy or subcanopy. Emergent coniferous species such as <i>Calocedrus decurrens</i> or <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> may contribute scant cover. <i>Rhododendron occidentale</i> is the most common shrub. Other common shrub associates may include <i>Salix lutea</i> and/or <i>Artemisia douglasiana</i>. Many graminoids are present; <i>Calamagrostis canadensis</i> provides the most cover, but the genus <i>Carex</i> has many representatives. Species may include <i>Carex pellita, Carex feta, Carex lenticularis, Carex amplifolia</i>, and/or <i>Carex vesicaria</i>. |
Comm #3689
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Pinus sabiniana - Quercus wislizeni / Arctostaphylos viscida Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36682-{6F593211-0F71-4282-9522-DDA813898D7D}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This woodland association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. Stands of this woodland are found at xeric sites at low elevations (550-1370 m [1800-4500 feet]) on the low to upper portions of southwest- to north-facing slopes at higher elevations. Slopes are convex-, concave- and linear-shaped and vary from gentle to steep. Soils tend to be poorly developed and rocky in places with textures ranging from loamy sand to clay loam and of metamorphic and igneous, granitic parent material. Litter ranges from 60-75% cover. Fire is common and can cover extensive areas. Impact from the invasion of exotic species can be high. This association forms an open to intermittent tree layer dominated by <i>Pinus sabiniana</i> and <i>Quercus wislizeni</i> with an intermittent understory shrub layer dominated by <i>Arctostaphylos viscida</i>. Other species contributing to minor cover varies and may include <i>Toxicodendron diversilobum, Aira caryophyllea, Bromus hordeaceus, Bromus diandrus, Cercis canadensis var. texensis, Eriodictyon californicum</i>, lichen, moss, <i>Rhamnus ilicifolia, Rhus trilobata, Cheilanthes gracillima</i>, and <i>Ceanothus cuneatus</i>. <i>Ceanothus fresnensis</i> is a rare species that may occur within this association. The stands are usually relatively open, but are variable, and may range from a woodland condition to a sparsely wooded herbaceous or shrubland condition. |
Comm #3690
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Vaccinium cespitosum / Carex filifolia Dwarf-shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36694-{7D63E4C0-82BE-4B7B-BF4E-C37F172B727D}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
2
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This dwarf-shrubland association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. Stands are found at high elevations (2775-3020 m [9100-9900 feet]) on moist sites. This association is found on soils with textures ranging from loam to silt loam that are moderately well-drained to somewhat poorly drained. Litter cover can be high (58-80% cover). Stands of this dwarf-shrubland form an intermittent shrub layer dominated by <i>Vaccinium cespitosum</i> and an open herb layer characterized by <i>Carex filifolia</i>. <i>Vaccinium cespitosum, Antennaria rosea, Solidago multiradiata, Castilleja lemmonii, Oreostemma alpigenum var. alpigenum</i>, and <i>Carex exserta</i> are often present but contribute to minor cover. A variety of other species are occasionally found contributing to minor cover in this association including <i>Poa stebbinsii, Calamagrostis breweri, Botrychium simplex, Carex rossii, Danthonia intermedia, Danthonia unispicata, Luzula congesta, Pedicularis attollens, Ptilagrostis kingii</i>, and <i>Saxifraga aprica</i>. |
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