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Reference
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Description |
Comm #381
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Eriogonum cinereum Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.37395.CEGL003680
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48
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This shrubland association occurs on moderate to abrupt southwest-facing slopes at low elevations between 0 and 500 m. It is characterized by a dominance of <i>Eriogonum cinereum</i> in the shrub layer. The herbaceous layer has no characteristic species. The emergent tree layer is generally absent but can include <i>Quercus agrifolia</i> and <i>Umbellularia californica</i>. |
Comm #382
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ARTEMISIA NOVA DWARF-SHRUB HERBACEOUS ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.29855.ARTEMISIANOVADW
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NVC 2004 |
48
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Comm #383
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Bromus diandrus Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.37438.CEGL002906
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48
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This association is only sampled from the Santa Monica Mountains region. However, it has been widely observed (but not sampled) in other parts of cismontane California. This herbaceous association occurs on flat to steep often northwest- or southwest-facing slopes at elevations between 31 and 613 m. <i>Bromus diandrus</i> is abundant in the herbaceous layer, and <i>Brassica nigra</i> is often present at low cover. <i>Malosma laurina, Baccharis pilularis, Sambucus mexicana, Ceanothus megacarpus, Salvia mellifera</i>, and <i>Heteromeles arbutifolia</i> are occasionally found in the shrub layer at low cover, and <i>Quercus agrifolia</i> is infrequently found in the tree layer at low cover. |
Comm #384
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Hesperostipa comata - Bouteloua gracilis - Carex filifolia Grassland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30946-{D1E1267C-BAFB-499A-8D7C-81CD2CB2CB0C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
48
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This needle-and-thread - grama grass prairie community is common in the northern and central Great Plains of the United States. Stands occur on flat to rolling topography with deep (40-100 cm), sandy loam to loam, coarser-textured soils. They are typically associated with uplands, though they may also occur lower in the landscape, such as coulee and draw bottoms, if soils are sufficiently coarse (usually sandstone-derived). The type is found at elevations ranging from 610-1680 m (2000-5500 feet); average annual precipitation associated with these elevation param ranges from slightly less than 25 cm to over 50 cm (10-20 inches). The vegetation is dominated by moderate to moderately dense medium-tall grasses. <i>Hesperostipa comata</i> is the tallest of the dominant species, sending seed heads to a maximum height of approximately 1 m. The rhizomatous graminoids <i>Bouteloua gracilis</i> and <i>Carex filifolia</i>, the other two dominant/codominant species, do not usually exceed 0.5 m. <i>Calamovilfa longifolia</i> is often found with high cover values on sandier soils, and <i>Koeleria macrantha</i> cover increases on degraded sites. There are regionalized expressions of variability with <i>Carex inops ssp. heliophila</i> surpassing <i>Carex filifolia</i> in Colorado and <i>Calamagrostis montanensis</i> being at least as important as the diagnostic species in north-central Montana. <i>Pascopyrum smithii</i> is consistently present. For woody species, subshrub forms (<i>Artemisia frigida, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Rosa arkansana</i>) have the highest cover and constancy, but their total cover does not sum to more than 5%, except on overgrazed sites. Cover values for forbs are low (the exception being <i>Selaginella densa</i>). Geographic setting influences forb composition to some degree, with <i>Sphaeralcea coccinea, Phlox hoodii, Heterotheca villosa, Gaura coccinea</i>, and <i>Liatris punctata</i> common in the northern areas, and <i>Lygodesmia juncea, Opuntia polyacantha, Artemisia dracunculus</i>, and <i>Ratibida columnifera</i> seeming to increase to the eastern and southern areas. |
Comm #385
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Salix exigua / Mesic Graminoids Western Wet Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30112-{E6FC1705-FB25-475A-9EAF-D8EDA07BDDE6}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
48
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This riparian association is found primarily in the Rocky Mountains and Intermountain West semi-desert regions, and extending into California. The vegetation is characterized by the dominance of <i>Salix exigua</i> in a moderately dense tall-shrub canopy with a dense herbaceous layer dominated by graminoids. It typically occurs as a monoculture of <i>Salix exigua</i>, but can have other woody species, including saplings of <i>Populus deltoides</i> or <i>Salix amygdaloides</i>, and shrubs such as <i>Salix eriocephala, Salix lutea</i>, and <i>Amorpha fruticosa</i>. Tall perennial grasses can appear to codominate the stand when <i>Spartina pectinata, Panicum virgatum</i> or other tall grasses are present. Other mesic graminoids, such as <i>Carex</i> spp., <i>Eleocharis</i> spp., <i>Juncus</i> spp., <i>Pascopyrum smithii, Schoenoplectus pungens</i>, and <i>Sphenopholis obtusata</i>, may be present. Common forb species include <i>Bidens</i> spp., <i>Lobelia siphilitica, Lycopus americanus, Lythrum alatum, Polygonum</i> spp., and <i>Xanthium strumarium</i>. Diagnostic features of this association include the nearly pure stands of <i>Salix exigua</i> shrubs, with a dense herbaceous layer of at least 30% cover of mesic graminoids. It generally occurs along backwater channels and other perennially wet but less scoured sites, such as floodplain swales and irrigation ditches. |
Comm #386
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Flourensia cernua Shrubland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30689.FLOURENSIACERNU
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NVC 2004 |
48
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Comm #387
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Quercus rubra / Carex pensylvanica - Ageratina altissima var. roanensis Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35548-{61F3CB9E-2C29-4D82-ABFD-B836002CF608}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
48
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This community occurs on most of the major mountain ranges of the Southern Appalachians in North Carolina and Tennessee, at elevations over 1400 m (4500 feet) on broad ridges, and on steep rocky slopes at the heads of coves, often with northern or southeastern aspects. It includes forest vegetation with a closed to very open canopy, where <i>Quercus rubra</i> makes up at least 75% of the tree canopy and with less than 20% shrub cover. Canopy trees may be gnarled and stunted, especially on ridge crests. Other canopy species may include <i>Acer rubrum, Crataegus punctata, Crataegus flabellata, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula lenta</i>, and, at high elevations, <i>Picea rubens</i>. An open subcanopy contains canopy species plus <i>Hamamelis virginiana, Amelanchier arborea, Acer pensylvanicum, Halesia tetraptera</i>, and <i>Ilex montana</i>. Herbaceous cover is dense and diverse, composed of sedges, ferns, and tall herbs, with dominance varying within and between occurrences. Typical herbaceous dominants include <i>Carex pensylvanica, Ageratina altissima var. roanensis, Thelypteris noveboracensis, Dennstaedtia punctilobula, Eurybia chlorolepis, Oclemena acuminata</i>, and <i>Laportea canadensis</i>. This forest often occurs adjacent to or grades into forests dominated by <i>Picea rubens, Abies fraseri</i>, or northern hardwood species (<i>Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia, Aesculus flava)</i>. In some areas, this community is found adjacent to montane shrublands and grasslands. This community is often referred to as a "Subalpine Oak Orchard Forest." |
Comm #388
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Quercus pagoda - Quercus phellos - Quercus lyrata - Quercus michauxii / Chasmanthium latifolium Swamp Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35603-{09FA3CE9-FA51-4D0E-9D09-40792B078497}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
48
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This association covers Piedmont bottomland forests which occur in broad, flat floodplains of Triassic basins of North Carolina and possibly South Carolina. The diverse canopy is characteristic, composed of species which often are normally sorted out along a hydrologic gradient in the larger floodplains of the Coastal Plain. The canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus pagoda, Quercus phellos, Quercus michauxii, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Celtis laevigata</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>, with lesser amounts of <i>Quercus shumardii, Quercus palustris, Acer floridanum, Carya ovalis, Carya cordiformis</i>, and <i>Pinus taeda</i>. In addition, <i>Quercus lyrata</i> is present in abandoned sloughs and oxbows, which are inclusions in this association. Subcanopy trees are <i>Ilex decidua, Carpinus caroliniana, Aesculus sylvatica, Asimina triloba</i>, and <i>Acer floridanum</i>. Shrubs and woody vines are <i>Lindera benzoin, Bignonia capreolata, Toxicodendron radicans, Smilax rotundifolia</i>, and others. The herb stratum includes <i>Chasmanthium latifolium, Carex</i> spp., <i>Arisaema triphyllum, Cardamine concatenata, Claytonia virginica, Geranium maculatum, Erythronium americanum, Lysimachia ciliata</i>, and others. |
Comm #389
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Dudleya cymosa - Dudleya lanceolata - Lichen/Moss Sparse Rock Vegetation Alliance
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:39283-{6E5552D2-5B38-4F9E-AD7F-A8D3C565A502}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
48
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This alliance contains sparse herbaceous vegetation of steep rock outcrops in California's central and southern Coast Ranges and southern California mountains and valleys where herbs are typically <10% cover and shrubs are <5% cover. Herbaceous plants may include <i>Bromus rubens, Clarkia</i> spp., <i>Cryptantha</i> spp., <i>Dudleya cymosa, Dudleya lanceolata, Erigeron</i> spp., <i>Lewisia rediviva, Phacelia</i> spp., and <i>Vulpia</i> spp. Shrubs may be present and sparse, including <i>Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber, Eriogonum</i> spp., and <i>Heteromeles arbutifolia</i>. Moss and lichen can be well-developed, including <i>Aspicilia</i> spp., <i>Umbilicaria</i> spp., and <i>Xanthoparmelia</i> spp. Substrates are rocky or skeletal thin gravelly soils, including igneous (granitic and volcanic), sedimentary, and metamorphic parent material. |
Comm #390
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Successional Old Field
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/ecoObs:commConcept:17628-{8E989B98-0A31-462E-9360-9029AFC10F55}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
48
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