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Comm #4381
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Pinus elliottii - (Pinus palustris) / Morella cerifera - Ilex coriacea Ruderal Wet Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35453-{CAC687B7-D7FB-4A1E-BC77-EC001A9F9054}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This association does not represent natural vegetation. The core concept includes stands of <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii</i> outside the natural range of the species in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas and Louisiana. This association may be best thought of as a degraded form of ~<i>Pinus palustris / Rhynchospora elliottii - Lobelia flaccidifolia - Platanthera nivea - (Helenium drummondii)</i> Woodland (CEGL007802)$$ which represents the natural longleaf pine-dominated flatwoods of the region. Examples can be highly variable in condition and composition, as partly indicated by the amount of <i>Pinus palustris</i> present. Stands may develop after heavy silvicultural management (consisting of planted or seed tree/shelterwood-regenerated stands) to unmanaged, naturalized stands resulting from fire suppression. All examples are believed to occur on former <i>Pinus palustris</i> sites, and some examples may still contain enough <i>Pinus palustris</i> to qualify this species as a codominant (comprising 25-75% of the canopy). The canopy closure varies with management, and at some stages may exceed 60%. Most managed and thinned examples will generally range below 60% cover, and several apparently unmanaged examples in the Big Thicket National Preserve retain open, woodland structure. In silviculturally managed examples, burning frequency generally increases in stands after 15 years of age when trees are more resistant to mortality. Shrubs range from very patchy in frequently burned sites to dense in examples that have not burned for more than five years. Shrubs include <i>Morella caroliniensis, Morella cerifera, Ilex coriacea, Viburnum nudum var. nudum, Vaccinium elliottii</i>, and <i>Callicarpa americana</i>. Little herbaceous cover occurs under denser canopies, while more open examples may include a fairly dense ground cover of <i>Schizachyrium scoparium, Muhlenbergia expansa, Ctenium aromaticum</i>, and <i>Carex</i> spp. Soils range from poorly drained to very poorly drained, fine sandy loams or silt loams. The variable hydrology includes forests with soils saturated in winter, early spring, and periodically throughout the growing season. This vegetation occurs in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of Louisiana and Texas, outside the natural range of <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii</i>. |
Comm #4382
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Quercus alba / Physocarpus opulifolius / Packera plattensis - Hexastylis arifolia var. ruthii Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35546-{7AF8F09E-92B4-4D71-AD1C-32B0E8B878BF}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This community includes <i>Quercus alba</i>-dominated forest vegetation occurring in association with serpentine geology in the Southern Blue Ridge. <i>Quercus alba</i> makes up 50-75% of the canopy, with lesser amounts (less than 25%) of <i>Pinus rigida</i> and <i>Tsuga canadensis</i>. The subcanopy is primarily <i>Acer rubrum, Amelanchier arborea</i>, and <i>Magnolia acuminata</i>. Shrub cover can exceed 80% or be as low as 15%. <i>Kalmia latifolia</i> is a typical shrub, but other common shrubs include <i>Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Vaccinium stamineum</i>, and <i>Physocarpus opulifolius</i>. The herbaceous stratum is dominated by <i>Packera plattensis</i>. Other typical herbs include <i>Hexastylis arifolia var. ruthii, Polygala paucifolia, Epigaea repens, Mitchella repens, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Thalictrum macrostylum, Poa saltuensis, Phlox stolonifera, Andropogon gerardii</i>, and <i>Zizia aptera</i>. This community occurs on rocky soils associated with serpentine geology. It is found at moderate elevations (1015 m) on gentle to steep concave slopes with an eastern to northwestern exposure. |
Comm #4383
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Quercus phellos / Chasmanthium laxum - Carex (flaccosperma, intumescens) - Hymenocallis liriosme Wet Flatwoods Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35617-{10F5691B-A33D-4734-BD9A-FB8AE0642407}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
1
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This willow oak flatwoods community occurs on broad, poorly drained flats of the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain and Mississippi River Alluvial Plain. It is found in southern Arkansas, adjacent Louisiana, and eastern Texas, and may range into southeastern Oklahoma. This forest is typified by a closed, yet not densely forested, canopy. <i>Quercus phellos</i> may comprise 80-90% of the canopy in most examples. However, a variety of other woody species may also occur both as occasional canopy components and understory saplings. These species include <i>Acer rubrum, Ilex opaca, Carya aquatica, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus caroliniana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Diospyros virginiana, Gleditsia triacanthos, Nyssa sylvatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Platanus occidentalis, Planera aquatica, Quercus lyrata, Quercus nigra, Quercus texana, Taxodium distichum</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. Shrubs are uncommon in this association. Much filtered light reaches the forest floor contributing to a fairly diverse herbaceous layer, the density of which may vary considerably among examples depending upon duration of standing water and amount of leaf litter build-up. <i>Chasmanthium laxum</i> may be common in many examples, along with a number of sedges, including <i>Carex flaccosperma, Carex albolutescens, Carex caroliniana, Carex debilis, Carex complanata, Carex debilis, Carex frankii, Carex intumescens, Carex joorii, Carex tribuloides, Carex typhina</i>, and other herbaceous species. |
Comm #4384
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Liquidambar styraciflua - (Acer rubrum) Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35633-{5B5F5D60-E4D1-41CD-93B9-B865AE4D0B3A}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This type may become a representative for vegetation documented at Pond Creek Bottoms, Arkansas (Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain, Sevier and Little River counties), and other related sites in Arkansas and Louisiana. One possible name for this type is <i>Liquidambar styraciflua - (Quercus lyrata, Acer rubrum) / (Forestiera ligustrina, Ilex decidua)</i> Forest. |
Comm #4385
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Pinus echinata - Pinus taeda - Quercus stellata - Carya texana / Vaccinium arboreum Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35706-{96077D69-388C-4AEE-B7D4-7D9DA7596120}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This West Gulf Coastal Plain association is dominated by <i>Pinus echinata</i> and <i>Pinus taeda</i> and is further characterized by a significant component of <i>Quercus stellata</i> in the overstory. It may be found on ridgetops and sideslopes with relatively shallow loamy soils over dense clay. <i>Pinus echinata</i> tends to be more important than <i>Pinus taeda</i> in the overstory, and <i>Pinus palustris</i> may be occasionally encountered within its natural range. Hardwood trees, such as <i>Quercus stellata, Quercus falcata, Carya texana, Quercus marilandica</i>, and others, may also reach the canopy. The shrub stratum is usually well-developed; species abundance varies somewhat with soil pH. Typical species include <i>Vaccinium arboreum, Callicarpa americana, Sassafras albidum, Cornus florida, Rhus aromatica, Rhus copallinum, Malus angustifolia, Crataegus marshallii, Crataegus spathulata, Ilex vomitoria, Viburnum rufidulum, Sideroxylon lanuginosum ssp. lanuginosum, Ilex longipes, Prunus mexicana, Chionanthus virginicus, Morus rubra</i>, and seedlings of canopy species. The herbaceous understory varies considerably within this association depending upon management history. Historically, this community may have been a woodland on non-topographically isolated, frequently burned sites [see ~<i>Pinus echinata - Quercus stellata - Quercus falcata - Carya texana</i> Woodland (CEGL007800)$$], but due to fire suppression, current examples have a forest structure. |
Comm #4386
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Pinus elliottii - Magnolia virginiana - Taxodium ascendens - Nyssa biflora / Polygala cymosa Swamp Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35749-{63F700FF-40C2-49FB-9CBB-04440A795FBD}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This bayhead community of the East Gulf Coastal Plain has a closed canopy (or nearly so) of <i>Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, Magnolia virginiana, Taxodium ascendens, Nyssa biflora, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus laurifolia</i>, and <i>Quercus nigra</i>. Understory trees, shrubs, and vines include <i>Aronia arbutifolia, Arundinaria tecta, Cyrilla racemiflora, Gaylussacia mosieri, Gelsemium rankinii, Hypericum galioides, Ilex coriacea, Ilex glabra, Ilex opaca, Itea virginica, Lyonia lucida, Morella cerifera, Morella caroliniensis, Persea palustris, Toxicodendron radicans ssp. radicans</i>, and <i>Viburnum nudum var. nudum</i>. Typical herbaceous species include <i>Polygala cymosa, Carex glaucescens, Eriocaulon compressum, Viola x primulifolia, Woodwardia areolata</i>, and <i>Xyris fimbriata</i>. <i>Sphagnum</i> spp. are abundant. This community grades to slightly less wet sites with greater fire frequency, which have a related community, ~<i>Pinus elliottii - Taxodium ascendens / Polygala cymosa - Rhynchospora</i> spp. Woodland (CEGL004556)$$. |
Comm #4387
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Syzygium jambos Ruderal Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35769-{F6C139B0-1AED-4A13-862F-31C96E7E79D1}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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Short forests and thickets composed of the exotic <i>Syzygium jambos</i>. |
Comm #4388
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Carex gynandra - Platanthera clavellata - Drosera rotundifolia - Carex ruthii / Sphagnum spp. Herbaceous Seep
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35886-{1BF6E469-B989-499E-905C-754C4DC548EB}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This association accommodates sedge-dominated, seepage slopes scattered throughout the high elevations (>1524 m [5000 feet]) of the Southern Blue Ridge. This non-alluvial wetland is generally graminoid-dominated but may have significant coverage by trees or shrubs, especially around the edges. Particularly small examples may be completely shaded by trees in the community and in the adjacent forests. Typically this community has well-developed <i>Sphagnum</i> mats. Characteristic species include <i>Carex gynandra, Carex ruthii, Carex atlantica, Carex debilis var. rudgei, Glyceria striata, Glyceria melicaria, Hypericum graveolens, Hypericum mitchellianum, Hypericum mutilum, Chelone lyonii, Platanthera clavellata</i>, and <i>Drosera rotundifolia</i>. Occurrences of this community are surrounded by or were formerly surrounded by forests dominated by <i>Abies fraseri</i> and <i>Picea rubens</i> or by the highest northern hardwood forests (forests dominated by <i>Fagus grandifolia, Betula alleghaniensis</i>, and <i>Aesculus flava</i>). They are influenced by the high rainfall and low evaporation rates in these high mountain landscapes. |
Comm #4389
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Saccharum giganteum - Ludwigia sphaerocarpa - Panicum verrucosum Marsh
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35932-{F853713F-3FA2-4EF7-AAFB-2F5AED8148DF}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This herbaceous wetland of the Great Dismal Swamp area, where it may occupy seasonally ponded depressions of anthropogenic origin, such as experimental marsh restoration clearings, burned-out peat areas, or depressional basins in powerlines. It is also known from natural ponds on the Outer Coastal Plain of Virginia. Some soils on which this vegetation occurs include Terric Medisaprists of the Bellhaven series and Typic Humaquepts of the Torhunta series. Slowly permeable, clay-rich subsoils probably impede internal drainage and contribute to surface water flooding at these sites. This community is characterized by tall <i>Saccharum giganteum</i>, low to mid-height <i>Ludwigia sphaerocarpa</i>, and short, sprawling <i>Panicum verrucosum</i> in variable combinations and proportions. Any one of the three nominal species may dominate, or dominance may be mixed. In these seasonally inundated habitats, colonies of <i>Ludwigia sphaerocarpa</i>, with their extensively branched, almost woody, aerenchymatous stems, resemble miniature swamp "forests." Typical associates include <i>Bidens frondosa, Diodia virginiana, Hypericum mutilum, Juncus canadensis, Ludwigia linearis, Rhexia virginica</i>, and <i>Scirpus cyperinus</i>. Other conspicuous but more uncommon components include <i>Bidens coronata, Rhynchospora macrostachya</i>, and <i>Sagittaria latifolia</i>. <i>Ludwigia decurrens, Ludwigia leptocarpa</i>, and <i>Ludwigia pilosa</i> may also be locally abundant. |
Comm #4390
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Carex scopulorum var. bracteosa - Pedicularis groenlandica Wet Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36703-{D9F34013-3AFD-45E7-8122-437685718891}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
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This herbaceous association is currently only known from Yosemite National Park in California, and the following description is based on occurrences there. Additional information will be added as it becomes available. This association is found in seasonally flooded basin floors, including tarn margins and low-gradient streamsides, at about 3200 m (10,500 feet) of elevation. Slopes are flat to very gentle, and soils are poorly drained with lots of organic content. The seasonally flooded perennial grassland is dominated by <i>Carex scopulorum var. bracteosa</i>. The graminoids <i>Eleocharis quinqueflora</i> and <i>Carex subnigricans</i> may also be present. Forb cover is fairly high, totaling about 40%. <i>Pedicularis groenlandica</i> is diagnostic, achieving approximately 15% cover. Other common forb associates may include <i>Packera streptanthifolia, Allium validum, Gentiana newberryi, Ivesia lycopodioides, Oreostemma alpigenum var. alpigenum</i>, and traces of <i>Botrychium simplex, Castilleja lemmonii, Kalmia polifolia, Mimulus primuloides, Potentilla flabellifolia</i> and/or <i>Potentilla gracilis</i>. The shrub layer is sparse with only about 2.5% cover of <i>Salix planifolia</i>. |
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