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Comm #461	Quercus rubra - Tilia americana var. heterophylla - (Halesia tetraptera var. monticola) / Collinsonia canadensis - Prosartes lanuginosa Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36062-{283D2868-4C83-486C-A249-03131121CBA7}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	41	This community is a <i>Quercus rubra</i>-dominated rich forest of protected steep, rocky slopes at intermediate elevations (mostly 800-1400 m [2600-4600 feet]) in the Southern Appalachians. Its distribution is not completely known, but appears to be concentrated in the southern part of the Southern Blue Ridge, in southwestern North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and possibly northern Georgia. This forest has a canopy dominated by <i>Quercus rubra</i> (25-50% cover) occurring with lesser amounts of <i>Tilia americana var. heterophylla, Fraxinus americana, Acer saccharum, Betula lenta</i>, and <i>Carya glabra</i>. <i>Halesia tetraptera var. monticola</i> is an important canopy associate over parts of the range, particularly in the Great Smoky Mountains. Other minor canopy and subcanopy trees include <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Magnolia acuminata, Acer pensylvanicum, Acer rubrum, Aesculus flava, Carya cordiformis</i>, and <i>Prunus serotina</i>. The shrub stratum is open, made up of saplings from the canopy and subcanopy, with no clear dominant. Herbs are sparse to moderate in coverage, with relatively high species richness. Herbs with the highest coverages are <i>Collinsonia canadensis, Polystichum acrostichoides, Prosartes lanuginosa, Actaea racemosa, Thelypteris noveboracensis</i>, and <i>Impatiens pallida</i>. Other typical herbs are <i>Actaea pachypoda, Ageratina altissima var. roanensis, Agrostis</i> spp., <i>Arisaema triphyllum, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Caulophyllum thalictroides, Desmodium nudiflorum, Dioscorea quaternata, Dryopteris marginalis, Galium lanceolatum, Laportea canadensis, Maianthemum racemosum, Phegopteris hexagonoptera, Polygonatum biflorum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Smilax herbacea, Solidago curtisii, Tradescantia subaspera</i>, and <i>Viola cucullata</i>.
Comm #462	Northern hardwood forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/ecoObs:commConcept:17544-{77FDB8FE-DA02-4E2B-8002-6BECD9A9AF87}	Zimmerman et al. 2012	41
Comm #463	Golden saxifrage - sedge rich seep » more details accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:17513-{72F0902E-1580-4E5F-B0BA-2FAACCC91DF8}	Zimmerman et al. 2012	41
Comm #464	Pinus palustris - Pinus serotina / Ilex glabra - Lyonia lucida - (Serenoa repens) Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33568-{D76767D9-8CCF-46B3-B594-7440A7ED3E62}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	40	This saturated longleaf pine - pond pine flatwoods community occurs in the South Atlantic Coastal Plain of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, and the East Gulf Coastal Plain in Florida. Stands are dominated by <i>Pinus palustris</i> and <i>Pinus serotina</i>. In central Florida, <i>Pinus elliottii</i> can be codominant with <i>Pinus serotina</i>. <i>Serenoa repens</i> is also important in central Florida and Georgia. The shrub layer is characterized by the presence or partial dominance of <i>Ilex glabra</i> and <i>Lyonia lucida</i>. Other characteristic species are <i>Morella cerifera, Morella caroliniensis, Persea palustris, Magnolia virginiana, Ilex coriacea, Serenoa repens</i> (in southern portions), <i>Lyonia ferruginea</i>, and <i>Gordonia lasianthus</i>. This community occurs in organic soils on interstream flats.
Comm #465	HYMENOCLEA SALSOLA - EPHEDRA NEVADENSIS SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE » more details accession code: VB.cc.30440.HYMENOCLEASALSO	NVC 2004	40
Comm #466	Picea rubens - (Tsuga canadensis) / Rhododendron maximum Saturated Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.37507.CEGL006277		40	This spruce-hemlock wetland forest of the central and southern Appalachian Mountains occurs on relatively flat terrain in poorly drained bottomlands of small streams at high elevations (above 1067 m [3500 feet] elevation in the Southern Blue Ridge to above 610 m [2000 feet] in the Central Appalachians). Small patches of this community also occur in the High Alleghany Plateau of Pennsylvania and New York. It historically occurred in Tennessee. Soils are seasonally to semipermanently saturated due to a high water table or seepage from adjacent slopes. The tree canopy is dominated by <i>Picea rubens</i> or mixtures of <i>Picea rubens</i> and <i>Tsuga canadensis</i>. Other tree species that may occur in the canopy or subcanopy include <i>Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis, Acer rubrum var. rubrum, Taxus canadensis</i>, and <i>Amelanchier arborea</i>. This forest often has a dense shrub layer dominated by <i>Rhododendron maximum</i>, with other associates often including <i>Kalmia latifolia, Ilex verticillata, Ilex collina, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Photinia melanocarpa (= Aronia melanocarpa)</i>, and <i>Vaccinium</i> spp. The herbaceous layer is sparse, with the majority of herbaceous species restricted to openings, and includes <i>Carex trisperma, Carex folliculata, Glyceria melicaria, Osmunda cinnamomea, Osmunda regalis</i>, and <i>Maianthemum canadense</i>. <i>Listera smallii, Oclemena acuminata (= Aster acuminatus), Huperzia lucidula</i>, and <i>Dryopteris campyloptera</i> are characteristic herbs. The bryophyte layer is of variable cover but is dominated by <i>Sphagnum</i>. The absence of <i>Abies balsamea</i> and the importance of <i>Rhododendron maximum</i> differentiate this forest from ~<i>Picea rubens - Abies balsamea / Gaultheria hispidula / Osmunda cinnamomea / Sphagnum</i> spp. Forest (CEGL006312)$$.
Comm #467	Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Quercus laurifolia - Quercus lyrata - Carya aquatica Floodplain Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33476-{B321E356-3BAF-4329-848F-667B9DE4291E}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	40	This floodplain forest occurs on low natural levees along brownwater rivers of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina and possibly other adjacent states. The canopy of these forests is dominated by mixtures of <i>Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Quercus laurifolia, Quercus lyrata</i>, and <i>Carya aquatica</i>, with significant amounts of <i>Nyssa aquatica</i> and <i>Taxodium distichum</i>. Other canopy species may include <i>Acer rubrum, Celtis laevigata, Platanus occidentalis, Betula nigra, Acer negundo, Acer saccharinum, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, and <i>Ulmus americana</i>. This type occurs on low levees in the lower reaches of rivers, where more species tolerant of more inundation, such as <i>Quercus lyrata</i> and <i>Carya aquatica</i>, are major components, in combination with characteristic levee species listed above.
Comm #468	Distichlis spicata Alkaline Wet Meadow » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:30679-{C0EA4CD2-94A5-4080-94C3-1B2745AF46EA}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	40	These grasslands occur in semi-arid and arid western North America from southern Saskatchewan, Canada, to Mexico. Vegetation cover is sparse to dense and is dominated by <i>Distichlis spicata</i>, occurring in nearly pure stands. Minor cover of associated graminoids may include <i>Muhlenbergia asperifolia, Hordeum jubatum, Pascopyrum smithii, Sporobolus airoides, Carex filifolia, Eleocharis palustris, Puccinellia nuttalliana</i>, and <i>Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis</i>. Associated forbs, such as <i>Iva axillaris, Helianthus</i> spp., Asteraceae spp. (from lower salinity sites), <i>Salicornia rubra, Triglochin maritima</i>, and <i>Suaeda</i> spp., may also be present. Shrubs are rare, but scattered <i>Atriplex canescens</i> and <i>Sarcobatus vermiculatus</i> may be present. Stands are found in lowland habitats such as playas, swales, and terraces along washes that are typically intermittently to seasonally flooded. The flooding is usually the result of highly localized thunderstorms or winter rains which can flood one basin and leave the next dry. However, this association may also occur in other flood regimes (temporarily and semipermanently). Soil texture ranges from clay loam, silty loam, to sandy clay. These soils are often deep, saline and alkaline. They generally have an impermeable layer and therefore are poorly drained. When the soil is dry, the surface usually has salt accumulations. Salinity is likely more important than flooding as an environmental factor.
Comm #469	Pinus palustris / Asimina angustifolia / Aristida beyrichiana - Schizachyrium scoparium - Dyschoriste oblongifolia Woodland » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33271-{16F5B765-CF43-4DAC-ABD7-A29E26280680}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	40	This dry-mesic <i>Pinus palustris</i> woodland is found in the Dougherty Plain and the Tifton Upland of southwestern Georgia. It also has been documented from the Marianna Lowlands of the Florida Panhandle and should be expected to occur in the Dougherty Plain of southeastern Alabama. Stands are dominated by <i>Pinus palustris</i>, with <i>Asimina angustifolia, Aristida beyrichiana, Schizachyrium scoparium</i>, and <i>Dyschoriste oblongifolia</i> occurring as constant and diagnostic species. Other distinctive and characteristic species include <i>Croton argyranthemus, Ceanothus microphyllus, Tephrosia florida, Pediomelum canescens, Sorghastrum secundum</i>, and <i>Schizachyrium tenerum</i>. A large number of other species can be found in examples of this association which has a very high diversity of grass, legume and composite components. Many plots will include over one hundred species of vascular plants. It typically occupies undulating terrain with relatively high topographic variability and is associated with Ocala limestone in a karst setting at examples documented from the Jones Ecological Research Center (Ichauway). It also occurs on the Miccosukee Formation (Pliocene unconsolidated clays and mud) in the Tifton Upland. Examples from the Marianna Lowlands occur on residuum deposited over Oligocene sediments on portions of the Chattahoochee "Anticline."
Comm #470	Platanus occidentalis - Fraxinus pennsylvanica / Carpinus caroliniana / Verbesina alternifolia Floodplain Forest » more details accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35099-{ED0D9F7A-4E8E-4890-B60F-FCE3AF99C81D}	NatureServe Biotics 2019	40	This association represents closed-canopy deciduous floodplain forests along the New River and nearby rivers in West Virginia, occurring in small to medium-sized patches (&lt;0.1-13 ha) on the wider floodplains which are associated with point bars along the inside bends of large river meanders. It also occurs on alluvial fans at the mouths of tributaries, and at knickpoints created by rapids and waterfalls. These positions are temporarily inundated by low- to medium-energy floods which may occur at any time of year but are more frequent in the winter and spring. Substrates are alluvium, including boulders, cobbles, gravel, and sand. Soils are well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral sand and sandy loam. Elevations of mapped stands range from 259 to 476 m. The tree canopy is dominated by <i>Platanus occidentalis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Ulmus americana</i>, and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>. Additional important trees in the canopy include <i>Betula nigra, Fraxinus americana, Juglans nigra, Nyssa sylvatica, Quercus rubra, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ulmus americana</i>, and <i>Ulmus rubra</i>. The subcanopy includes canopy species and <i>Acer saccharum, Carpinus caroliniana ssp. virginiana, Cercis canadensis, Chionanthus virginicus, Cornus florida, Halesia tetraptera, Sassafras albidum</i>, and <i>Zanthoxylum americanum</i>. Species in the shrub layers not included in the canopy include <i>Asimina triloba, Campsis radicans, Dirca palustris, Hamamelis virginiana, Lindera benzoin, Toxicodendron radicans</i>, and <i>Viburnum recognitum</i>. Cover in the diverse herb layer ranges from 5 to 90% depending on the degree of canopy shading, and includes species typical of mesic forests as well as those of floodplains.