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Name
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Reference
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Plots↓
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Description |
Comm #471
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(Betula nigra, Ilex verticillata) / Andropogon gerardii - Solidago simplex var. racemosa Riverscour Wet Meadow
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35241-{E3F3E8AB-0430-42D5-A430-FDBD7B0B731C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
40
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This rivershore prairie occurs along the high-energy reaches of the Gauley, Tygart's Valley, Middle Fork, and Cheat rivers in West Virginia, and possibly elsewhere in the region. It occurs in small patches and linear zones subject to very frequent, high-energy flooding. The most best developed occurrences are located along rapids created by constrictions in the river channel (bedrock outcrops, point bars, bends, islands, alluvial fans). Substrates are primarily sandstone bedrock and boulders. There is often an elevation range of a few meters within stands which creates wet and dry microsites and provides elevated rooting substrate. Bedrock and boulders also provide structure which protects vegetation from high-energy flows. Unvegetated ground cover in most plots is dominated by bedrock and large rocks, but a few areas have higher cover of small rocks and sand, and some have some standing water. The physiognomy is mixed shrub and herbaceous cover, with herbs dominating the general aspect; in places, it may include a few taller individuals of <i>Betula nigra</i> and <i>Platanus occidentalis</i> (0-30% cover, trees less than 10 m tall). Cover in the tall-shrub layer ranges from 0 to 30%, and cover in the short-shrub layer ranges from 0 to 60%. Common species in the shrub layers include <i>Betula nigra, Platanus occidentalis, Ilex verticillata, Cornus amomum, Physocarpus opulifolius var. opulifolius, Rhododendron arborescens, Hypericum prolificum, Alnus serrulata, Diospyros virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Xanthorhiza simplicissima, Rosa palustris, Cephalanthus occidentalis</i>, and <i>Salix caroliniana</i>. The federally listed threatened shrub <i>Spiraea virginiana</i> occurs in a few locations. Cover in the herb layer of plots ranges from 5 to 60%, and this stratum usually has the highest cover. Common herbs include <i>Andropogon gerardii, Solidago simplex var. racemosa, Packera paupercula, Eupatorium fistulosum, Dichanthelium clandestinum, Symphyotrichum laeve var. concinnum, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium, Euphorbia corollata, Clematis virginiana, Physostegia virginiana ssp. virginiana, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Viola pedata, Hypoxis hirsuta</i>, and <i>Lysimachia lanceolata</i>. Additional characteristic herbs include <i>Ionactis linariifolius, Linum virginianum, Zizia aptera, Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum, Marshallia grandiflora, Liatris scariosa var. scariosa</i>, and <i>Baptisia tinctoria</i>. Vascular plant species richness in sampled plots ranges from 18 to 70 taxa (mean = 36.4). Nonvascular cover can be high, consisting mostly of bryophytes and lichens on rock |
Comm #472
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Tsuga canadensis - Liriodendron tulipifera - Platanus occidentalis / Rhododendron maximum - Xanthorhiza simplicissima Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35447-{4600BC2D-9D02-44BA-83EE-D25E30542D1E}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
40
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This association covers forested wetlands dominated by mesophytic species with an admixture of alluvial or wetland species, that occur on temporarily flooded alluvial flats and ravines in the Southern Blue Ridge, the Cumberlands, and in adjacent ecoregions. These dense forests usually occur over silty to sandy, acidic soils. The canopy is usually a mix of species that includes <i>Tsuga canadensis, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, Betula lenta, Acer rubrum</i>, and a variety of other mesophytic and upland species. It may range from strong dominance by <i>Tsuga</i> to its virtual absence. The shrub and herbaceous strata may be dense to open, but have components indicative of the temporarily flooded hydrology, thus separating this type from similar, non-wetland communities. <i>Rhododendron maximum</i> is a typical shrub and can form a dense subcanopy, but <i>Xanthorhiza simplicissima, Alnus serrulata</i>, or other species indicative of flooding are present. The herbaceous layer generally includes species indicative of flooding as well as mesophytic upland species. |
Comm #473
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Quercus palustris - (Fraxinus nigra) / Lindera benzoin / Carex bromoides Wet Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35644-{F17A920D-C664-4F02-800F-47D4FA99E104}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
40
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This floodplain swamp forest is the "matrix" community of the Meadow River wetlands in southeastern West Virginia. It is dominated by <i>Quercus palustris</i> in association with <i>Acer rubrum, Carya ovata, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus nigra, Nyssa sylvatica</i>, and <i>Quercus bicolor</i>. The shrub layer is dominated by <i>Carpinus caroliniana, Cornus amomum, Ilex verticillata, Lindera benzoin</i>, and <i>Viburnum dentatum</i>. Abundant species in the herbaceous layer include <i>Boehmeria cylindrica, Carex bromoides, Carex stricta, Cinna arundinacea, Leersia oryzoides, Lycopus uniflorus, Osmunda regalis, Onoclea sensibilis, Pilea pumila, Packera aurea</i>, and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i>. |
Comm #474
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Opuntia (littoralis, oricola, prolifera, and hybrids) - Mixed Coastal Sage Scrub Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.37404.CEGL003710
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40
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This shrubland association occurs on somewhat steep to steep southeast- and southwest-facing slopes at low elevations between 10 and 310 m. It is characterized by a dominance of <i>Opuntia</i> spp. (primarily <i>Opuntia littoralis</i> but occasionally <i>Opuntia oricola</i> or both) in the shrub layer. The herbaceous layer is generally composed of a variety of non-native species at low cover. The emergent tree layer is usually absent. |
Comm #475
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Pascopyrum smithii Herbaceous Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30734.PASCOPYRUMSMITH
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NVC 2004 |
39
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Comm #476
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SINGLE-LEAF PINYON - (JUNIPER SPECIES) SHRUBLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30265.SINGLELEAFPINYO
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NVC 2004 |
39
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Comm #477
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PINUS FLEXILIS - PINUS LONGAEVA WOODLAND ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30151.PINUSFLEXILISPI
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NVC 2004 |
39
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Comm #478
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Liriodendron tulipifera - Quercus rubra - Fraxinus americana / Asimina triloba / Actaea racemosa - Uvularia perfoliata Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.37285.CEGL006186
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39
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This community is a mesic rich forest occurring in the Piedmont and lower-elevation Appalachians of Virginia and Maryland and possibly extending into adjacent West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. These forests are dominated by <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>, occurring with or codominating with <i>Quercus rubra</i> or <i>Fraxinus americana</i>. This community type occupies fertile, well-drained soils of mesic lower slopes and ravines, often in areas underlain by metabasalt of the Catoctin Formation but also on a variety of igneous metamorphic and metasedimentary rocks. Occasionally, stands occur on well-weathered boulder "streams" that have been deposited in low-elevation ravine bottoms and slope concavities. Other species possible in the overstory include <i>Quercus alba, Quercus prinus, Carya ovalis, Carya alba, Carya cordiformis, Ulmus rubra, Nyssa sylvatica, Fagus grandifolia</i>, and <i>Juglans nigra</i>. Subcanopy tree layers contain representatives of the overstory species and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. The lowest tree and shrub layers usually contain small to large colonies of <i>Asimina triloba</i> and <i>Lindera benzoin</i>, along with <i>Cercis canadensis</i> and <i>Cornus florida</i>. The herb layer is usually lush and dense, except where boulder streams prevail or deer grazing is severe. Patch-dominance of ferns and leafy forbs is characteristic; species achieving local abundance in the type include <i>Adiantum pedatum, Amphicarpaea bracteata, Arisaema triphyllum, Asarum canadense, Actaea racemosa (= Cimicifuga racemosa), Deparia acrostichoides, Hydrastis canadensis, Phegopteris hexagonoptera, Polystichum acrostichoides</i>, and <i>Uvularia perfoliata</i>. Other constant or characteristic herbaceous species include <i>Botrychium virginianum, Carex laxiflora var. laxiflora, Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis, Collinsonia canadensis, Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens, Desmodium nudiflorum, Galearis spectabilis, Galium circaezans, Galium triflorum, Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa, Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum, Phryma leptostachya, Podophyllum peltatum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Sanicula canadensis</i>, and <i>Stellaria pubera</i>. This association is distinguished from more montane rich cove forests by its lower-elevation habitats, shrub layer dominance by <i>Asimina triloba</i> (a low-elevation species in the Mid-Atlantic region), and the absence or unimportance of many common species of montane cove forests, e.g., <i>Acer saccharum, Tilia americana, Caulophyllum thalictroides, Laportea canadensis, Osmorhiza claytonii, Impatiens pallida</i>, and <i>Trillium grandiflorum</i>. |
Comm #479
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Krascheninnikovia lanata Dwarf-shrub Herbaceous Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30712.KRASCHENINNIKOV
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NVC 2004 |
39
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Comm #480
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Quercus wislizeni – Aesculus californica Association
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/vegbranch:commConcept:28629-{844AA19E-FFCA-418C-8B55-FB9011118210}
NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED
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MCV2 |
39
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