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Name
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Reference
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Plots↓
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Description |
Comm #41
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Quercus turbinella Shrubland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30820.QUERCUSTURBINEL
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NVC 2004 |
325
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Comm #42
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Quercus montana - (Quercus rubra) - Carya spp. / Oxydendrum arboreum - Cornus florida Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35526-{32C7420A-171A-4EC2-8E10-E30E2903AC5C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
324
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This community is known from low to intermediate elevations of the Southern Blue Ridge escarpment, the Great Smoky Mountains, Piedmont transition areas, into the Southern Ridge and Valley, and in the Cumberlands in southern West Virginia. It occurs on relatively exposed landforms below 1000 m (3280 feet) elevation (220-1000 m [700-3280 feet]), on nearly level to steep, convex, middle to upper slopes, ridges, and plateaus, with mostly northwestern to southeastern aspects. These are forests characterized by canopies dominated by <i>Quercus</i> and <i>Carya</i> species that do not have a well-developed heath shrub layer. <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> may have significant coverage, apparently related to logging history. The predominant oaks and hickories in the canopy are <i>Quercus montana, Carya glabra, Carya tomentosa, Carya ovata, Quercus coccinea, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba</i>, and <i>Quercus rubra</i>. Additional canopy and subcanopy species can include <i>Nyssa sylvatica, Magnolia fraseri, Halesia tetraptera var. monticola, Fagus grandifolia, Ilex opaca</i>, and <i>Oxydendrum arboreum</i>. In addition, <i>Cornus florida</i> is characteristic and may be dominant in the subcanopy and tall-shrub layers; other tall-shrub species include <i>Magnolia fraseri, Hamamelis virginiana</i>, and <i>Sassafras albidum</i>. <i>Kalmia latifolia</i> or <i>Rhododendron maximum</i> may be present but only at very low cover. The short-shrub stratum is sparse (up to 20% cover), with no clear dominant. Some typical shrub species include <i>Vaccinium pallidum, Viburnum acerifolium</i>, and (in the central and southern portions of the type's range) <i>Gaylussacia ursina, Hydrangea arborescens</i>, and <i>Hydrangea radiata</i>. Common vines are <i>Smilax rotundifolia, Smilax glauca, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Toxicodendron radicans, Vitis aestivalis, Vitis rotundifolia</i>, and <i>Vitis vulpina</i>. Herb cover is sparse to moderate; diversity and species composition vary among occurrences. Some of the more typical herb species include <i>Eurybia divaricata, Dioscorea quaternata, Maianthemum racemosum, Polystichum acrostichoides, Solidago caesia, Uvularia perfoliata</i>, and <i>Uvularia puberula</i>. |
Comm #43
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CLIFF LANDS SPARSE VEGETATION ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.29966.CLIFFLANDSSPARS
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NVC 2004 |
316
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Comm #44
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Gutierrezia sarothrae Dwarf-shrubland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30694.GUTIERREZIASARO
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NVC 2004 |
316
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Comm #45
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PLAYA SPARSE VEGETATION ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.cc.30168.PLAYASPARSEVEGE
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NVC 2004 |
297
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Comm #46
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Parkinsonia microphylla Shrubland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30733.PARKINSONIAMICR
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NVC 2004 |
295
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Comm #47
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Pinus edulis - (Juniperus spp.) Woodland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.30755.PINUSEDULISJUNI
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NVC 2004 |
294
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Comm #48
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Quercus alba - Quercus (rubra, montana) / Rhododendron calendulaceum - (Gaylussacia ursina) Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35501-{36BBE885-3D4A-4955-B261-08232A5D6FAC}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
294
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These forests occur in a wide elevational range, from 610 to 1372 m (2000-4500 feet), in the Southern Blue Ridge, Blue Ridge/Piedmont transition, and the higher ridges of the Cumberland Mountains and Ridge and Valley in southwestern Virginia. The type occurs generally on deep soils of broad ridgetops, exposed upper slopes and saddles, occurring less frequently on protected lower slopes, bottoms and coves. Stands of this deciduous forest association are dominated or codominated by <i>Quercus alba</i>, occurring with other <i>Quercus</i> species (<i>Quercus rubra, Quercus montana, Quercus coccinea</i>). Associated species are characteristically montane and typical of acidic forests. This association lacks indicators of circumneutral soils and also lacks low-elevation dry-site species such as <i>Pinus echinata, Quercus falcata, Quercus stellata</i>, and <i>Quercus marilandica</i>. Species other than oaks that can be important in the canopy include <i>Carya tomentosa, Carya glabra, Carya ovalis, Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Magnolia fraseri</i>. Common species in the subcanopy/sapling strata include <i>Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, Carya</i> spp., <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Magnolia fraseri, Nyssa sylvatica, Oxydendrum arboreum, Pinus strobus</i>, and <i>Halesia tetraptera</i>. Shrub cover is sparse to very dense and is often dominated by deciduous heaths. <i>Kalmia latifolia</i> and <i>Gaylussacia ursina</i> are usually present, but other shrub species can include <i>Euonymus americanus, Rhododendron calendulaceum, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Viburnum acerifolium, Calycanthus floridus, Pyrularia pubera, Ilex montana, Halesia tetraptera</i>, and <i>Hamamelis virginiana</i>. In the northern portion of the range of this association (northwestern North Carolina and southwestern Virginia), <i>Gaylussacia ursina</i> is frequently absent from the shrub layer. <i>Smilax glauca</i> and <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i> are common vines. The herbaceous stratum is sparse to moderate in coverage, but often rich in species, approaching the diversity but not the coverage of rich cove forests. Associated herbaceous species vary with elevation and soil moisture. Often there is a dominant fern stratum, with <i>Thelypteris noveboracensis</i> and <i>Polystichum acrostichoides</i> most typically dominant. |
Comm #49
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Quercus alba - Quercus rubra - Carya tomentosa / Vaccinium stamineum / Desmodium nudiflorum Piedmont Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:36536-{87156FA6-FD6B-42C2-8CB9-31E34C07029E}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
289
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This forest is found on submesic to subxeric upland sites throughout the Piedmont of Georgia, the Carolinas, Virginia, and south-central Maryland. It favors mid- to upper-slope positions with northerly or easterly aspects, or mid- to lower slopes with more southerly aspects. In drier landscapes, this type occupies habitats considered relatively mesic (e.g., concave slopes, lower slopes, shallow ravines). These sites are described as dry to intermediate in soil moisture. The soils are moderately to strongly acidic and nutrient-poor, being weathered primarily from felsic metamorphic, metasedimentary, and sedimentary rocks, or composed of unconsolidated sediments. At some sites, soils are weathered from interbedded metasedimentary and mafic rocks, resulting in soil chemistry that is intermediate or slightly basic. Stands of this forest are closed to somewhat open and are dominated by mixtures of oaks and hickories, with <i>Quercus alba</i> being most prevalent, along with <i>Quercus rubra, Quercus coccinea, Quercus velutina, Quercus falcata, Carya tomentosa, Carya ovalis</i>, and <i>Carya glabra</i>. In forests with a history of disturbance, such as selective logging or windstorms, early-successional species such as <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> or <i>Pinus</i> sp. may codominate. In addition, <i>Pinus</i> spp., <i>Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i> may be common. Understory species include <i>Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Oxydendrum arboreum, Ilex opaca</i>, and <i>Nyssa sylvatica</i>. Shrubs include <i>Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Viburnum acerifolium, Viburnum rafinesqueanum</i>, and <i>Euonymus americanus</i>. The woody vines <i>Vitis rotundifolia</i> and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i> often are present. Herbs vary from sparse to moderately dense, with dry-mesophytic, acid-tolerant species such as <i>Hexastylis</i> spp., <i>Goodyera pubescens, Chimaphila maculata, Desmodium nudiflorum, Maianthemum racemosum, Polygonatum biflorum, Viola hastata, Tipularia discolor</i>, and <i>Hieracium venosum</i> prevalent. This association occupies less nutrient-rich habitats than <i>~Quercus rubra - Quercus alba - Carya glabra / Geranium maculatum</i> Forest (CEGL007237)$$. |
Comm #50
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Basin Big Sagebrush Shrubland Alliance
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accession code: VB.cc.29903.BASINBIGSAGEBRU
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NVC 2004 |
281
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