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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #5181	A.1649 » more details accession code: VB.CC.1404.A1649 NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	EcoArt 2002	0	This alliance occurs in alpine areas in the Cascade Mountains of Washington. Elevations range from 1890-2165 m. This vegetation forms a turf on flat to steep, typically southwest- to northwest-facing slopes. Sites are mesic early in the growing season, then dry out in late summer. Soils are poorly drained and derived from andesite parent material. Stands have a moderately dense to dense herbaceous layer that forms the best alpine turf on Mount Rainier. They are codominated by the perennial forb ~Pedicularis contorta$ and the perennial graminoid ~Carex spectabilis$, but there is high consistency of other species such as ~Arenaria capillaris, Oreostemma alpigenum (= Aster alpigenus), Artemisia furcata var. furcata (= Artemisia trifurcata), Carex phaeocephala, Erigeron aureus, Lupinus sellulus var. lobbii, Penstemon procerus, Phlox diffusa$, and ~Veronica cusickii$. Moss and lichen are also present in small amounts.
Comm #5182	A.755 » more details accession code: VB.CC.2386.A755 NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	EcoArt 2002	0	This widespread chaparral alliance of dry slopes and ridges of interior California is found between 10 and 1800 m elevation. It can occur on all slopes and usually occurs on xeric sites. Stands of this alliance usually occur on shallow, mafic-derived soils. This sclerophyllous, broad-leaved evergreen shrubland is dominated by ~Adenostoma fasciculatum$. Mature stands are densely interwoven thickets of ~Adenostoma fasciculatum$, with other species contributing very little to overall cover. Emergent trees of ~Quercus wislizeni$ may be present. Shrubs may include ~Arctostaphylos glauca, Salvia mellifera, Heteromeles arbutifolia, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Artemisia californica, Toxicodendron diversilobum, Yucca whipplei$, and various ~Ceanothus$ spp. There is very little understory or herbaceous litter. This alliance intergrades with other chaparral types, coastal scrubs, and grasslands.
Comm #5183	A.1335 » more details accession code: VB.CC.1108.A1335 NOT CURRENTLY ACCEPTED	EcoArt 2002	0	Plant associations within this alliance are found in saline flats at lower to moderate elevations in the western United States. This alliance is known from salt flats in a large, high-elevation (2900 m) park in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, and possibly in basins (1500 m) in Nevada and South Dakota. Topography is generally flat with poor drainage. Soil moisture is augmented in some areas by groundwater. There is a small microtopography of hummocks which affects the water relations and therefore species composition. The soils are moist, saline and alkaline, derived from calcareous shales. The rain- and groundwater-saturated soils usually dry out during the growing season. These communities form a ring just above the succulent plant associations associated with playas, salt flats, and saline lakes. ~Puccinellia nuttalliana$ dominates the graminoid stratum with up to 65% cover. ~Distichlis spicata$ or ~Hordeum jubatum$ often codominate the graminoid layer. The forb layer is relatively sparse, typically only 30%. It can be composed of ~Salicornia rubra$ or ~Triglochin maritima$.
Comm #5184	Quercus rubra / Magnolia tripetala - Cercis canadensis / Actaea racemosa - Tiarella cordifolia Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.35625.CEGL003949	Southeastern Ecology Working Gro...	0	This basic mesic forest of the southern Piedmont is a more mesic variation of ~<i>Quercus alba - Quercus rubra - Carya (ovata, carolinae-septentrionalis) / Cercis canadensis</i> Forest (CEGL007232)$$. It occurs on circumneutral to basic, well-drained soils in the Piedmont of South Carolina and possibly also occurs in Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. Proportions of <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> and other early-successional species increase following disturbance. The canopy is dominated by <i>Quercus rubra</i> and often <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> in combination with small amounts of <i>Quercus alba</i> and <i>Fagus grandifolia</i>. This community exists in ravine areas and is best developed on the north-oriented faces of these ravines. The subcanopy is dominated by <i>Magnolia tripetala</i>, and the herb layer is diverse and moderate in cover with species such as <i>Actaea racemosa, Polystichum acrostichoides, Tiarella cordifolia</i>, and <i>Circaea lutetiana</i>. In addition, indicators of rich, somewhat basic soil, usually associated with the coves of the southern Appalachians 60 miles to the west, are present. These include species such as <i>Phegopteris hexagonoptera, Collinsonia canadensis, Eurybia divaricata (= Aster divaricatus), Oxalis violacea, Adiantum pedatum, Cercis canadensis, Luzula</i> spp., and <i>Corylus</i> sp. As with CEGL007232, this community is differentiated from non-basic oak-hickory forests by lacking such species as <i>Quercus falcata, Quercus coccinea</i>, and <i>Oxydendrum arboreum</i>.
Comm #5185	Pseudotsuga menziesii / Clintonia uniflora Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.32183.CEGL005850	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	Broadly distributed throughout the northern Rocky Mountains and adjacent terrain, this large-patch to matrix seral community occupies relatively moist (mesic) and warm to cool sites having free air drainage and lacking frost-pocket conditions. It occurs on slopes of all degrees of steepness and aspect orientation, though it is more likely to occur from toeslope through midslope positions (predominantly collecting positions). At the dry extreme of its distribution it is more strongly associated with protected positions such as concave slopes, moist depressions in gently sloping plateau areas, stringers along perennial stream bottoms, toeslopes and northeastern aspects. In the north it ranges from 760 to 1585 m, whereas to the south it ranges from 1060 to 1710 m (3500-5600 feet). A wide variety of parent materials are represented, including those as disparate as granite and limestone, including all manner of glacial-fluvial material. In northern Idaho and northwestern Montana it is routinely found on ash caps, ranging from 3 to 60 cm in depth. The soil textures are predominantly loams and silt loams; soils typically have less than 15% coarse-fragment content and are well-drained. This mesic seral association is characterized by <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> dominating the upper canopy, though other tree species occur with lesser cover, including <i>Larix occidentalis, Pinus contorta</i>, and <i>Pinus monticola</i> and including those from warmer environments, <i>Pinus ponderosa, Thuja plicata</i>, and <i>Tsuga heterophylla</i>, and those of colder environments, <i>Abies lasiocarpa, Abies grandis</i>, and <i>Picea engelmannii</i>. The shrub layer may be highly diverse with tall shrubs (e.g., <i>Acer glabrum, Taxus brevifolia, Amelanchier alnifolia</i>), short shrubs (e.g., <i>Symphoricarpos albus, Paxistima myrsinites, Rubus parviflorus, Spiraea betulifolia</i>), and dwarf-shrubs (e.g., <i>Chimaphila umbellata, Linnaea borealis, Mahonia repens</i>) abundantly represented. The graminoid component is inconspicuous with no one species exhibiting high constancy, though <i>Bromus vulgaris, Bromus ciliatus</i>, and <i>Calamagrostis rubescens</i> are more consistently present and with greater cover than other graminoids. The cover of the diagnostic forbs <i>Clintonia uniflora</i> and <i>Tiarella trifoliata</i> is greatest when this type occurs in the zones potentially dominated by <i>Thuja plicata</i> and <i>Tsuga heterophylla</i>, up to 30% canopy cover (can even be a dominant forb), whereas in the colder environments characterized by <i>Abies lasiocarpa, Abies grandis</i>, and <i>Picea engelmannii</i>, potential dominance cover of these diagnostics and all forbs is generally less. Other forbs of high constancy, at least in some portion of this association's considerable range, are <i>Aralia nudicaulis, Adenocaulon bicolor, Coptis occidentalis, Cornus canadensis, Galium triflorum, Goodyera oblongifolia, Maianthemum stellatum, Osmorhiza berteroi (= Osmorhiza chilensis), Orthilia secunda (= Pyrola secunda), Thalictrum occidentale, Trillium ovatum, Viola glabella</i> (or <i>Viola canadensis</i>), and <i>Viola orbiculata</i>.
Comm #5186	Pseudotsuga menziesii / Menziesia ferruginea / Clintonia uniflora Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.32236.CEGL005851	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	This seral, large-patch to matrix type occupies relatively cold and moist environments across a number of climax tree series and associated geographic regions of the northern Rockies. Thus this cold, mesic type is found throughout the northern Rocky Mountains and may extend as far west as the Cascade Crest on environments characterized as montane to lower and even mid subalpine. The association's possible elevation range is from 915 to 1800 m (4000-5700 feet), and regardless of the climax series in which it is found, it consistently occurs on cool northwest- through east-facing slopes with moderate to extreme degrees of slope. It has been recorded as low as 910 m (3000 feet) on benches and swales where cold air ponds. The range of parent materials is, with the exception of highly unusual substrates like serpentine, literally as great as possible types occurring in the northern Rocky Mountains and northernmost middle Rocky Mountains and may include some ultramafics east of the Cascade Crest. It is difficult to simply characterize the soils as well, but they are uniformly moderately well-drained to well-drained and have a highly variable coarse-fragment content, but are mostly moderately gravelly throughout. Soil reactions vary from acidic to very acidic. Ground surfaces have virtually no exposed rock or bare soil and duff accumulations vary from moderate to deep. The overstory is dominated by <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, but its cover is often less than 30%, and canopy cover of the upper stratum often does not much exceed 60%. A whole host of tree species are capable of playing a subordinate role; on warmer sites these include <i>Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla, Abies grandis</i>, and on colder or higher elevation sites are found <i>Abies lasiocarpa, Tsuga mertensiana</i>, and <i>Picea engelmannii</i>. However, the most frequent canopy codominants or associates are the seral species <i>Larix occidentalis, Pinus contorta</i>, and in a restricted portion of the type's range, <i>Pinus monticola</i>. <i>Menziesia ferruginea</i> conspicuously dominates the tall-shrub layer. <i>Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata</i> and <i>Taxus brevifolia</i> (predominantly in Idaho and western Montana) are the only other tall shrubs consistently present. The short-shrub layer exhibits greater diversity than the other shrub components with <i>Vaccinium membranaceum, Paxistima myrsinites, Rosa gymnocarpa, Rubus parviflorus</i>, and <i>Spiraea betulifolia</i> being consistently present, along with <i>Linnaea borealis, Chimaphila umbellata</i>, and <i>Vaccinium scoparium</i> in the dwarf-shrub layer. <i>Bromus vulgaris</i> (or <i>Bromus ciliatus</i>) are the only graminoids of note. The diagnostic forbs <i>Clintonia uniflora</i> and <i>Tiarella trifoliata</i> have high constancy (both approaching 100%) and/or cover, however, a number of other forbs also exhibit high constancy across this type's range, including <i>Arnica latifolia</i>, (<i>Arnica cordifolia</i> at lower elevations), <i>Coptis occidentalis</i> (peculiar to central and northern Idaho), <i>Cornus canadensis, Galium triflorum, Goodyera oblongifolia, Maianthemum stellatum, Osmorhiza berteroi (= Osmorhiza chilensis), Orthilia secunda (= Pyrola secunda), Thalictrum occidentale, Trillium ovatum, Viola orbiculata</i>, and <i>Xerophyllum tenax</i>.
Comm #5187	A.698 » more details accession code: VB.CC.2329.A698	EcoArt 2002	0
Comm #5188	III.B.3 » more details accession code: VB.CC.194.IIIB3	EcoArt 2002	0
Comm #5189	III.B.2 » more details accession code: VB.CC.195.IIIB2	EcoArt 2002	0
Comm #5190	Trollius laxus - Parnassia fimbriata Herbaceous Vegetation » more details accession code: VB.CC.32181.CEGL005858	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	This community has been documented from throughout the subalpine and alpine of Glacier National Park, Montana. This is a palustrine wetland type occurring at upper subalpine to lower alpine environments, from 1960 to 2320 m (6430-7610 feet). It is found as a mostly linear, small-patch type bordering first- and second-order steams and associated with seeps and subirrigated positions. Often associated with glacial cirque basins, most of the sites are very low-gradient terraces and benchlands, collecting positions, often with a concave surface. High moisture status is the primary driving variable overwhelming any differences in slope, exposure or parent material. Sites are developed on limestones, argillites and diorite. The upper soil horizons are black, very high in organic content and, if sufficiently deep, qualify the sites as peatlands; bank overflow and slopewash are responsible for a considerable amount of silt accumulating in the peat mat. The vascular layer is both lush (exceeding 80% cover in 90% of plots) and diverse. This community is characterized by an assemblage of low-growing forbs; however, <i>Senecio triangularis</i> is consistently present, with cover not much exceeding 5%. Characteristic low-stature forbs include <i>Trollius laxus, Triantha glutinosa (= Tofieldia glutinosa), Parnassia fimbriata, Hypericum scouleri (= Hypericum formosum), Veronica wormskjoldii</i>, and <i>Packera streptanthifolia (= Senecio cymbalarioides)</i>, any one of which may express dominance. <i>Allium schoenoprasum, Arnica x diversifolia, Arnica mollis</i>, and <i>Symphyotrichum foliaceum (= Aster foliaceus)</i> are also consistently present. <i>Carex podocarpa</i> is the only high-constancy graminoid also having appreciable cover (often in excess of 10%); <i>Carex nigricans, Juncus drummondii</i>, and <i>Poa alpina</i> are present in 50% or more of the plots. <i>Carex lenticularis</i> is exclusive to plots with well-developed, though not necessarily deep, peaty soils. Moss cover is in excess of 40% and mostly greater than 80% with <i>Philonotis fontana, Bryum</i> spp., <i>Brachythecium</i> spp., and <i>Campylium stellatum</i> comprising the majority of cover. Lichens, if present, occur only in trace amounts.