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Reference
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Description |
Comm #5491
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Salix wolfii / Calamagrostis canadensis Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.28300.SALIXWOLFIICALA
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
0
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Comm #5492
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Artemisia filifolia / Calamovilfa longifolia Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.37055.CEGL002177
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Midwestern Ecology Working Group... |
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This sand sagebrush shrub type is found in the northwestern Great Plains of the United States. Stands occur on sandhills, sandy ridges and sandy valleys. Shrubs are between 0.5 and 1 m in height, with cover typically greater than 20%. <i>Artemisia filifolia</i> is the dominant shrub. The only shrub that becomes codominant with <i>Artemisia filifolia</i> is <i>Yucca glauca</i>, and it typically occurs on lower sand ridges and places where sandhills interface with nearly flat butte tops. Herbaceous cover is sparse to moderate, typically consisting of <i>Bouteloua gracilis, Calamovilfa longifolia, Sporobolus cryptandrus, Carex filifolia</i>, and <i>Andropogon hallii</i>. Some stands may contain <i>Schizachyrium scoparium</i>. |
Comm #5493
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Carex paysonis - Sibbaldia procumbens Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.32188.CEGL005865
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This is a small-patch herbaceous association found in Glacier National Park, Montana, and Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. It occurs on relatively exposed alpine ridgelines and flats from 2180 to 3120 m (7150-10,236 feet) elevation. Surface relief is smooth to moderately rolling with slopes not exceeding 18% and no particular slope aspect being preferred; however, sites are apparently aligned with microtopographic depressions, such as lee slopes, otherwise disposed to accumulate deep snowdrifts. Despite the high to very high wind exposure of the landscape, the drifted snow has a moderately long duration into summer. Meltwaters create an early-season soil saturation which is rapidly dried out due to well-drained soils and desiccating winds. This community is found on red and green argillite and quartzite. The ground surface is blanketed by a dense cover of mosses (10-50% cover) and lichens (10-35% cover) with the remainder being litter. Being relatively stressful sites, the vascular cover is relatively low, ranging from 15 to 45%. <i>Salix arctica</i> and <i>Salix petrophila</i> are dwarf-shrubs present. <i>Carex paysonis</i>, ranging in cover from 10 to 25%, is the dominant herb; other graminoids of high constancy include <i>Carex phaeocephala, Carex pyrenaica, Agrostis variabilis, Juncus parryi, Luzula piperi</i>, and <i>Luzula spicata</i>. The forb component is relatively depauperate in species richness and cover; those with greater than 50% constancy include the chionophilous (snow-loving) species <i>Antennaria umbrinella, Arenaria capillaris, Sibbaldia procumbens</i>, and <i>Antennaria alpina</i>, and the high-elevation generalists <i>Erigeron peregrinus, Hieracium gracile</i>, and <i>Polygonum bistortoides</i>. Moss cover, ranging up to 45%, is important for soil formation and is dominated by <i>Polytrichum piliferum</i> followed by <i>Polytrichastrum alpinum</i> and <i>Tortula ruralis</i>. Snow cover persisting long into summer favors lichen development (10-30% cover), among which are the circumpolar species <i>Cladonia ecmocyna</i> and <i>Cladonia borealis</i>, and <i>Solorina crocea</i>, a colorful foliose soil lichen. |
Comm #5494
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Carex scirpoidea - Zigadenus elegans Herbaceous Vegetation
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accession code: VB.CC.32187.CEGL005866
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This is a small-patch herbaceous community found in Glacier National Park, Montana. It is associated with seep conditions providing a mesic to hygric moisture regime. Possibly the strongest determinant of this community is a strongly bimodal moisture regime; saturated and even having overland flow in spring and early summer and by mid to late summer subsurface flow ceases and soils dry rapidly due to warm site exposures. Within-type vegetation differences are explained by differences in water regime (considerable variation in when sites become dry, if ever) and amount of exposed rock. Plant cover is high (90+%) where continuous soils have developed but can be as low as 10% where rock cover exceeds 90%. The documented elevation range is from 1640 to 2190 m (5380-7185 feet). It is found primarily on west- to southwest-facing, moderate to steep slopes, mostly having greater than 45% inclination. This community often occurs in terrain with irregular relief owing to rock outcrops, stabilized fell-fields or talus with appreciable soil, or as a broad zone paralleling rivulets and the most incipient of first-order streams. Microsites of relatively flat outcrops of layered sedimentary rock accumulates organic humus with a high water-retention capacity providing in the aggregate an extensive substrate for this community.<br><br>The vascular plant cover is highly variable (8% to 98%) in this type, and more or less inversely proportional to rock exposure in the drier expressions of the type and on moister sites in inverse proportion to the bryophyte/lichen cover. Dwarf-shrubs are scattered, comprising not much more than 5% cover; the most constant being <i>Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda</i> and <i>Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</i>. On the more lush sites, <i>Carex scirpoidea</i>, the dominant, highly constant and diagnostic sedge, can approach a sward-like aspect, but on the rockier sites its cover may scarcely exceed a few percent. Other graminoids of high constancy but generally of low cover include <i>Danthonia intermedia, Festuca idahoensis, Festuca campestris (= Festuca scabrella)</i>, and <i>Poa alpina</i>. Alternatively, <i>Carex podocarpa, Carex spectabilis</i>, and <i>Deschampsia caespitosa</i> are present in the moister sites. Though generally typifying moist to hygric sites, this type can range to relatively wet environments as indicated by the presence of <i>Allium schoenoprasum, Triantha glutinosa (= Tofieldia glutinosa), Packera streptanthifolia (= Senecio cymbalarioides), Dodecatheon pulchellum, Parnassia fimbriata, Symphyotrichum foliaceum (= Aster foliaceus)</i>, and <i>Suksdorfia ranunculifolia</i>. A number of other mesic, high constancy forbs occur with low cover, including <i>Zigadenus elegans</i>. Forb cover tends to occur in patches and overall it seldom exceeds 30% cover, with individual species very seldom having more than 10% cover. |
Comm #5495
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Hawai'i Montane-Subalpine Dry Forest and Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:9046-{0FF95684-334C-491C-919B-23FC5D8F99F4}
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Comer et al. 2003 |
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Comm #5496
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Hawai'i Alpine Dwarf-Shrubland
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accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:9045-{A9A4AFC5-B50C-4B66-8BE1-B71ADC0B1DDF}
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Comer et al. 2003 |
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Comm #5497
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Larrea tridentata - Atriplex hymenelytra Shrubland
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accession code: VB.CC.33532.CEGL001264
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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Comm #5498
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Pinus edulis - Juniperus osteosperma / Quercus turbinella Woodland
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accession code: VB.CC.31910.CEGL004007
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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This woodland association is known from Canyon de Chelly and Pipe Springs national monuments in northern Arizona in the southern Colorado Plateau. It occurs on canyon slopes, rims and mesatops from 1536 to 2104 m (5040-6900 feet) elevation. Stands occur on gentle to steep slopes (2-35%) on warmer southern and western aspects. The substrates are generally shallow, rocky sandy loam to silt loam soils. The surface typically has moderate to high cover of boulders or rock outcrops. Cover by lichens is moderate to high in some stands. The vegetation is characterized by an open to moderately dense tree canopy (10-50% cover) codominated by <i>Pinus edulis</i> and <i>Juniperus osteosperma</i>. Very open stands may have tree cover between 5-10% cover. <i>Quercus turbinella</i> dominates or codominates the open to moderately dense shrub layer. Other shrubs may be present, including <i>Artemisia bigelovii, Chrysothamnus greenei, Ephedra viridis, Fendlera rupicola, Opuntia phaeacantha, Opuntia polyacantha var. polyacantha</i>, and <i>Opuntia whipplei</i>. Herbaceous cover is variable, ranging from sparse to moderately dense, but is often dominated the perennial graminoid <i>Bouteloua gracilis</i> with scattered perennial forbs. Exotic annual grass <i>Bromus tectorum</i> is present in some stands. |
Comm #5499
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Quercus rubra - Quercus alba - (Quercus velutina, Acer rubrum) / Viburnum acerifolium Forest
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accession code: VB.CC.19068.QUERCUSRUBRAQUE
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Midwestern Ecology Working Group... |
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This dry to dry-mesic oak forest community is found in the central regions of the Great Lakes in the United States and Canada. Stands typically occur on well-drained sandy and sandy loam moraines, ice-contact topography, and fine-textured glacial lakebeds. The overstory contains Quercus rubra, Quercus alba, Acer rubrum and, less frequently Pinus strobus, Populus grandidentata, and Quercus velutina. The sapling layer contains Prunus serotina and Ostrya virginiana, with Acer rubrum or Acer saccharum. Shrubs include Amelanchier spp. and Viburnum acerifolium. The herbaceous layer contains Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Desmodium glutinosum, Desmodium nudiflorum, Maianthemum canadense, and Trientalis borealis. Further work is needed to characterize this type rangewide. |
Comm #5500
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Bouteloua eriopoda Dwarf-shrub Herbaceous Alliance
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accession code: VB.CC.26253.BOUTELOUAERIOPO
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Western Ecology Working Group of... |
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One stand in this alliance was reported from White Sands Missile Range in the Tularosa Basin of southern New Mexico. Elevations range from 1200-2700 m at White Sands Missile Range. The climate is arid. Mean annual precipitation is 22 cm with over half occurring during the late summer monsoon season often as high-intensity convection storm. Grasslands in this Chihuahuan Desert alliance are dominated by the perennial shortgrass Bouteloua eriopoda. There is also a sparse dwarf-shrub layer dominated by Artemisia bigelovii. More detailed description information was not available. |
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