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Add/Drop	Name	Reference	Plots↓	Description
Comm #6051	Quercus bicolor - Fraxinus pennsylvanica / Carex spp. Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.35230.CEGL004422	Southeastern Ecology Working Gro...	0	This swamp forest is a high-fertility wetland, which is restricted in its distribution to the Inner and Outer Bluegrass regions of Kentucky. It is described from Lee's Branch Swamp, Woodford County, Kentucky. The forest consists of "almost a pure stand of <i>Fraxinus</i> with some stands of <i>Quercus bicolor</i> mixed in. There are a few sycamores scattered within. There is no <i>Acer rubrum</i> or <i>Quercus palustris</i> there" (M. Evans pers. comm.). Herbs are few and include <i>Carex lupulina, Leersia oryzoides</i>, and <i>Ranunculus longirostris</i>.
Comm #6052	Picea pungens - Populus tremuloides Forest Alliance » more details accession code: VB.CC.18799.PICEAPUNGENSPOP	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	This mixed evergreen-deciduous forest alliance occurs on mountain slopes and plateaus in Utah. Sites occur on moderately steep, mid and lower slopes on all aspects. In the Uinta Mountains it occurs on south slopes. Soils are derived from alluvium and colluvium. Seral forests included in this alliance are composed of mixed coniferous and cold-deciduous trees, codominated by Populus tremuloides and Picea pungens. Several other species of conifers may be scattered within the stands, including Pseudotsuga menziesii, Abies concolor, Pinus flexilis, and Pinus contorta. Younger stands typically have dense Populus tremuloides with Picea pungens mixed in. As stands age, Populus tremuloides cover is slowly reduced until Picea pungens becomes dominant. The understory includes shrub and herbaceous layers that are typically sparse. The short-shrub layer is often dominated by Juniperus communis. Other shrubs may include Artemisia tridentata, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Mahonia repens, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Ribes inerme, and Symphoricarpos oreophilus. The relatively sparse herbaceous layer is a mixture of graminoids such as Bromus anomalus, Carex geyeri, Carex rossii, Elymus trachycaulus, Poa fendleriana, and Stipa spp., and forbs like Achillea millefolium, Antennaria microphylla, Fragaria vesca, Galium boreale, Geranium spp., Lathyrus spp., Mertensia arizonica, Thalictrum fendleri, and Vicia americana. The exotic species Poa pratensis and Taraxacum officinale are common in livestock-impacted stands. Diagnostic of this alliance in the codominance of Picea pungens and Populus tremuloides in the mixed canopy.
Comm #6053	Spiraea alba var. latifolia - Cornus racemosa / Calamagrostis canadensis - Sanguisorba canadensis - Carex scoparia Shrubland » more details accession code: VB.CC.28298.SPIRAEAALBAVARL	Eastern Ecology Working Group of...	0	This saturated wetland occurs on soils weathered from Catoctin metabasalt (greenstone), a mafic metamorphic rock. The type is associated with sublevel headwater seepages on a broad summit of the northern Blue Ridge in Page and Madison counties, Virginia (vicinity of Big Meadows, Shenandoah National Park). Microtopography is typically irregular, and soils are strongly to slightly acidic, with high magnesium and iron levels and moderately low calcium content. The physiognomy of this vegetation type ranges from dense to open shrublands to wholly herbaceous but is usually a patch-mosaic of shrub thickets and herbaceous openings. Spiraea alba var. latifolia and Cornus racemosa are the typical woody dominants. In some areas, Betula populifolia forms a sparse tree layer 6-10 m tall. Other shrubs documented in the type are Ilex verticillata, Lyonia ligustrina var. ligustrina, Photinia melanocarpa, and sapling-sized Acer rubrum. Calamagrostis canadensis, Sanguisorba canadensis, and Carex scoparia are patch-dominant herbs common to all known occurrences of the type. Other characteristic herbaceous species are Carex buxbaumii, Carex lurida, Epilobium leptophyllum, Glyceria striata, Iris versicolor, Isoetes valida, Juncus effusus var. solutus, Juncus subcaudatus var. subcaudatus, Lycopus virginicus, Oxypolis rigidior, Packera aurea (= Senecio aureus), Scirpus cyperinus, Solidago rugosa, and Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens. Herbs that are inconstant but locally abundant in the type include Caltha palustris, Carex conoidea, Carex echinata ssp. echinata, Carex gynandra, and Menyanthes trifoliata. The processes that maintain this vegetation in open condition are poorly understood. All of the documented occurrences are small and have been disturbed to some degree by grazing and/or adjacent clearing. Ditching and groundwater alterations from a large well serving the Big Meadows Campground, deer grazing, non-native weeds, woody succession, and probably fire exclusion are continuing threats to this naturally rare wetland.
Comm #6054	Adiantum capillus-veneris - Thelypteris ovata var. lindheimeri Herbaceous Vegetation » more details accession code: VB.CC.27200.ADIANTUMCAPILLU	Southeastern Ecology Working Gro...	0	This community occurs on cliff faces and lower slopes of forested box canyons on the Edwards Plateau, usually in narrow horizontal bands where seepage from exposed limestone or water from perennial or nearly perennial creeks consistently provides greater moisture than is available on adjacent slopes. Adiantum capillus-veneris is usually common on seepy cliff faces, while other consistent components, such as Thelypteris ovata var. lindheimeri, Samolus valerandi ssp. parviflorus (= Samolus parviflorus), and Dichanthelium acuminatum var. lindheimeri (= Panicum acuminatum var. lindheimeri), are usually more common on moist marly rubble at the foot of the same cliffs. A globally rare (G1G2) species, Salvia penstemonoides, occurs sparingly in this habitat. These communities also support many rare and/or disjunct bryophyte species.
Comm #6055	Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Shrubland Alliance » more details accession code: VB.CC.18965.ARTEMISIATRIDEN	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	This broadly distributed alliance is found in the western United States and southwestern Canada on dry steppes. It occurs primarily west of the Continental Divide; however, this description is also based on the vegetation in western North Dakota and eastern Montana. This alliance occurs on flat to steeply sloping sites with southerly aspects. Sites with little slope tend to have deep soils, while those with steeper slopes have shallow to moderately deep soils. Soil texture is loam, sandy loam, or clay loam. Shrubs are conspicuous in this alliance, but herbaceous species usually have equal or greater cover. The vegetation included in this alliance is characterized by a somewhat sparse to moderately dense (20-70% cover) shrub layer that is dominated (or codominated with at least 40% relative cover in mixed stands) by Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis. The herbaceous layer is relatively sparse and often dominated by perennial graminoids (<20% cover) that occupy patches in the shrub matrix. Atriplex confertifolia, Artemisia frigida, Purshia tridentata, and Krascheninnikovia lanata are common associates. The herbaceous stratum can be diverse and have moderate cover, but perennial graminoids typically total <20% cover. Pseudoroegneria spicata is one of the most common species. Bouteloua curtipendula, Bouteloua gracilis, Bromus japonicus (especially on disturbed areas), Carex filifolia, Koeleria macrantha, and Hesperostipa comata (= Stipa comata) are common but rarely dominant. Forbs include Achillea millefolium, Camelina microcarpa, Gutierrezia sarothrae, Sphaeralcea coccinea, Opuntia spp., and Phlox spp. Mosses and lichens, such as Selaginella densa, may occur on bare ground. Diagnostic of this alliance is the Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis-dominated shrub layer that lacks a significant perennial graminoid layer (<20% cover) or has over 40% total cover of shrubs.
Comm #6056	II.C.1.N.a » more details accession code: VB.CC.404.IIC1NA	EcoArt 2002	0
Comm #6057	Rubus spectabilis Wet Shrubland » more details accession code: VB.CC.22850.RUBUSSPECTABILI	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0
Comm #6058	Pinus echinata - Quercus stellata - Quercus prinus - Carya glabra / (Danthonia spicata, Piptochaetium avenaceum) Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.22042.PINUSECHINATAQU	Southeastern Ecology Working Gro...	0	This forest, dominated by Pinus echinata, Quercus stellata, Quercus prinus, and Carya glabra, is found on broad ridges in the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains in northeastern Alabama and northwestern Georgia. It also extends into the Cumberland Plateau of Kentucky and presumably Tennessee. Vaccinium pallidum is the dominant short shrub; the herbaceous stratum typically contains Piptochaetium avenaceum (to the south), and/or Danthonia spicata (to the north).
Comm #6059	Larix occidentalis / Vaccinium caespitosum / Clintonia uniflora Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.31133.CEGL005883	Western Ecology Working Group of...	0	This mesic, small- to large-patch forested community is a minor type found from northwestern Montana (west of the Continental Divide) westward across northern Idaho to northeastern Washington as far west as the Okanogan Plateau; it southern extent is central Idaho's Seven Devils and southern Batholith regions. In both northeastern Washington and western Montana, it is found at elevations predominantly between 915 to 1220 m (3000-4000 feet) with extremes from 680 to 1400 m (2230-4590 feet); at its southern extent it is found between 1400 and 1675 m (4600-5500 feet). This association typically is found on lower elevation benchlands and gentle lower slopes of low gradient, areas that would be expected to be frosty or where cold-air ponding occurs with a relatively high frequency. Daytime temperatures are warm, which results in a strong diurnal contrast that is apparently limiting to tree species that potentially are climax dominants. Sites are confined to well-drained glacial till and outwash deposits or similarly derived relatively coarse-textured sediments (mostly fine sandy loams to loams in texture) that frequently have an appreciable gravel content. Soil reactions vary from acidic to very acidic.<br /><br />The upper canopy is relatively open (ranging from 40 to 70% canopy cover with extremes to 20%) and dominated by <i>Larix occidentalis</i> with minor contributions of <i>Pinus contorta</i> and <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>. <i>Pseudotsuga</i> characteristically has the greatest understory cover, followed by <i>Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii</i>, or <i>Picea engelmannii x glauca</i> hybrids. With the exception of <i>Amelanchier alnifolia</i>, tall shrubs are not represented, and while a diversity of short shrubs (<i>Shepherdia canadensis, Spiraea betulifolia, Lonicera utahensis, Paxistima myrsinites, Vaccinium membranaceum</i>) are consistently present, their aggregate cover does not often exceed 20%. Besides containing two of the three undergrowth indicator species, <i>Vaccinium caespitosum</i> and <i>Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</i>, the dwarf-shrub layer in combination with consistently high <i>Calamagrostis rubescens</i> cover (in excess of 30%) gives modal stands their prevailing aspect of nearly continuous cover; other dwarf-shrubs of moderate to high constancy and highly variable cover include <i>Linnaea borealis, Mahonia repens</i> or <i>Mahonia aquifolium</i> (depending on locality), <i>Chimaphila umbellata, Vaccinium scoparium</i>, and <i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i>. Of two forbs, <i>Clintonia uniflora</i> and <i>Cornus canadensis</i>, indicative of this association's relatively mesic status (as compared to say <i>Larix occidentalis / Vaccinium caespitosum</i>) only <i>Clintonia</i> is also 100% constant and used as an indicator. Forbs are usually a negligible component with only <i>Arnica cordifolia, Fragaria</i> spp., <i>Orthilia secunda (= Pyrola secunda), Lupinus sericeus</i> or <i>Lupinus argenteus</i> (depending on locality), <i>Hieracium albiflorum</i>, and <i>Maianthemum racemosum</i> exhibiting moderate to high constancy and a combined cover seldom exceeding 10%.
Comm #6060	Tsuga heterophylla - Thuja plicata - (Abies amabilis) / Cornus canadensis Forest » more details accession code: VB.CC.37336.CEGL002837		0	This coniferous forest community is found in the climatically transitional middle to leeward eastern valley systems of the Coast Mountains from approximately 75 km north of Bella Coola to near Chilliwack in the Fraser Valley. The slope positions are variable, from upper slope to toeslope and level, with mainly moderate slope gradients. Rapidly to moderately well-drained, slightly dry to fresh and nutrient-rich soils are normal for these sites. In the mature to old-forest stage, <i>Tsuga heterophylla</i> often has leading coverage in the canopy, followed by <i>Thuja plicata, Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, and <i>Abies amabilis</i>. Among other species, the diverse shrub layer features <i>Tsuga heterophylla, Vaccinium parvifolium, Vaccinium alaskaensis, Menziesia ferruginea, Thuja plicata, Abies amabilis, Oplopanax horridus</i>, and <i>Paxistima myrsinites</i>. Common herb-layer species which help identify this as richer sites include <i>Tiarella trifoliata, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Streptopus lanceolatus, Polystichum munitum, Athyrium filix-femina, Maianthemum racemosum</i>, and <i>Maianthemum stellatum</i>. <i>Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Hylocomium splendens, Eurhynchium oreganum, Rhytidiopsis robusta</i>, and <i>Plagiomnium insigne</i> are the main moss-layer species. When found growing together widely throughout a mature to old-forest successional stage, the following species are helpful indicators for this association: <i>Chimaphila menziesii, Tiarella trifoliata, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Streptopus lanceolatus, Polystichum munitum, Athyrium filix-femina, Maianthemum racemosum</i>, and <i>Maianthemum stellatum</i>. Unless associated with seepage or other wet microsites, there should be an absence or only very low coverage of <i>Rubus spectabilis</i>.