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Name
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Reference
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Plots↓
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Description |
Comm #711
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Acer saccharum - Fraxinus americana - Tilia americana / Acer spicatum / Caulophyllum thalictroides Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33776-{8E806C8B-617D-415F-A098-C2162C93041C}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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Comm #712
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Acer negundo Ruderal Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:33801-{E5562775-C94B-4ADE-9C8F-3CAA0C96EBC4}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This semi-open to closed-canopy ruderal forest is found on disturbed sites in floodplains in the southern, eastern, and midwestern United States. Stands occur on large rivers in the active floodplain and on sandbars, and may form farther from the riverfront following disturbance. Occurrences are mostly on higher floodplain terraces with less rocky soils which were used for agriculture or habitation. They are typically temporarily flooded in the spring. These ruderal forests are dominated by <i>Acer negundo</i>. Other characteristic species include <i>Platanus occidentalis, Celtis laevigata, Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer saccharinum, Ulmus alata, Ulmus rubra, Carya cordiformis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans nigra, Carpinus caroliniana, Morus rubra</i>, and <i>Populus deltoides</i>. The shrub and herb layers range from sparse to relatively lush, and the vine component often is heavy. The herb layer consists of a mixture of weedy exotics and native floodplain species, including <i>Rhamnus cathartica</i> and various invasive <i>Lonicera </i>species. |
Comm #713
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Morella pensylvanica - Dasiphora fruticosa / Carex sterilis - Carex flava Fen
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34751-{81EA7149-248C-4A12-AD5F-728C160CF531}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This calcareous fen association is characterized by herbaceous vegetation maintained by groundwater springs. It is restricted to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and perhaps New York. Peat accumulation is minimal, with mineral soil or marl often evident at the surface, particularly where groundwater emerges. Although the shrubs are generally sparse (less than 25%), they are characteristic of this vegetation, with <i>Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda</i> and <i>Morella pensylvanica</i> common and <i>Toxicodendron vernix, Acer rubrum</i>, and <i>Juniperus virginiana</i> as frequent associates. Wettest portions of these fens lack woody vegetation. The herbaceous cover is usually about 40%. It is rich and diverse and includes the sedges <i>Carex sterilis, Carex flava, Carex cryptolepis, Carex tetanica, Rhynchospora capillacea, Rhynchospora alba</i>, as well as <i>Parnassia glauca, Sanguisorba canadensis, Drosera rotundifolia, Sarracenia purpurea, Packera aurea, Lobelia kalmii, Panicum flexile, Deschampsia cespitosa, Juncus brachycephalus, Juncus nodosus, Eleocharis tenuis, Muhlenbergia glomerata, Mentha x piperita</i>, and <i>Spiranthes cernua</i>. The invasive exotic shrubs <i>Berberis thunbergii</i> and <i>Rosa multiflora</i> may also be present. The diagnostic characteristic is the presence of <i>Morella pensylvanica</i> in the shrub layer. |
Comm #714
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Tsuga canadensis - Betula alleghaniensis - Prunus serotina / Rhododendron maximum Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:34853-{6D98212B-71CB-47BE-AE45-6A8542FE753F}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This hemlock forest of the central Appalachian Mountains and High Allegheny Plateau occurs on acidic, mesic sandy loams and sands of glacial till or sandstone, in rocky ravines, or moderately steep slopes of any aspect, on stream terraces, or occasionally on flats. This is a closed-canopy, late-successional, mixed forest dominated by <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> with associated deciduous canopy species, including <i>Acer saccharum, Prunus serotina, Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia</i>, and (in the southern portion of the type's range) <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> and/or <i>Magnolia acuminata</i>. Other associates include <i>Acer rubrum, Betula lenta, Carya</i> spp., <i>Pinus strobus, Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, Ulmus americana</i>, and <i>Ostrya virginiana</i>. The shrub layer varies in cover and composition. It is often a patchy but may have locally dense cover of <i>Rhododendron maximum</i>, or it may consist of some mixture of <i>Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex montana, Lindera benzoin, Viburnum lantanoides</i>, and ericaceous species <i>Kalmia latifolia, Rhododendron maximum</i>, and <i>Vaccinium pallidum</i>. The herbaceous layer typically includes ferns such as <i>Dryopteris intermedia, Dryopteris carthusiana, Thelypteris noveboracensis</i>, and <i>Dennstaedtia punctilobula</i>. Forb composition is variable and may include <i>Anemone quinquefolia, Cornus canadensis, Cardamine diphylla, Eurybia divaricata, Maianthemum canadense, Medeola virginiana, Mitchella repens, Oxalis montana, Trientalis borealis, Trillium grandiflorum, Trillium erectum</i>, and <i>Viola</i> spp. <i>Rhododendron maximum, Sambucus racemosa</i>, and the abundance of <i>Prunus serotina</i> in the canopy differentiate this from other associations of this alliance. |
Comm #715
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Quercus (phellos, palustris, michauxii) - Liquidambar styraciflua / Cinna arundinacea Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35226-{6049DC8F-6BAB-498C-93E5-49EB6404CC4F}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This floodplain swamp forest occurs in backswamps and topographic depressions within alluvial floodplains of large streams and small rivers. Along smaller headwater streams, it may occur in low, poorly drained floodplains with braided channels and depressions. Standing water is present for much of the year on loam or clay loam soils. The overstory is dominated by variable mixtures of <i>Quercus phellos, Quercus palustris, Quercus michauxii, Liquidambar styraciflua</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i>. The proportion of the latter two species typically increases with disturbance. The understory is commonly quite open and contains young <i>Acer rubrum</i>, several climbing vines, <i>Carpinus caroliniana, Ilex opaca var. opaca, Asimina triloba, Viburnum dentatum, Ilex verticillata</i>, and other species. The herb layer is usually well-developed, with a prominent graminoid component. Common herbaceous patch-dominants include <i>Cinna arundinacea, Carex debilis var. debilis, Carex intumescens, Glyceria striata</i>, and <i>Carex tribuloides</i>. |
Comm #716
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Quercus alba - Fagus grandifolia / Hydrangea quercifolia - Viburnum acerifolium / Carex picta Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35484-{20B5ADE5-E4B4-4690-9D51-60533C299C6B}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This association includes mesic beech - white oak forests of the southern Cumberland Plateau and Ridge and Valley of Alabama (as well as the adjacent Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain and Piedmont ecoregions). This forest occurs on low, sheltered slopes and along small streams in narrow ravines, and on small, well-drained stream terraces and flats, usually over acidic to subacidic soils. This is a deciduous forest with a well-developed canopy and subcanopy, a variable shrub layer, and an open to sparse herbaceous layer. The canopy is always dominated by <i>Quercus alba</i> with codominance by <i>Fagus grandifolia</i> and/or <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i>. Some examples may have large individuals of <i>Pinus taeda</i> blending in from forests on adjacent, higher slopes, or as an artifact of past disturbance. Species most typically abundant in the subcanopy include <i>Ostrya virginiana, Acer floridanum, Magnolia macrophylla</i>, and <i>Ilex opaca</i>. The most typically abundant shrubs are <i>Hydrangea quercifolia, Euonymus americanus</i>, and <i>Viburnum acerifolium</i>. Common vines are <i>Decumaria barbara, Smilax rotundifolia</i>, and <i>Toxicodendron radicans</i>. Herbaceous composition varies from site to site. The most abundant and constant species are <i>Carex picta, Polystichum acrostichoides, Solidago caesia</i>, and <i>Brachyelytrum erectum</i>. The diagnostic characters of this community include the dominance of <i>Quercus alba</i> in association with mesic hardwood species (<i>Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Tilia americana var. heterophylla, Magnolia acuminata</i>), the mesic environment on protected slopes and in narrow ravines, and the occurrence of a suite of species indicative of the Alabama Cumberland Plateau, e.g., <i>Hydrangea quercifolia, Magnolia macrophylla, Styrax grandifolius, Carex picta</i>, and <i>Decumaria barbara</i>. |
Comm #717
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Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) - Quercus (incana, laevis) Woodland
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:35716-{0E5974CC-CB7E-4140-9974-0AB48044D944}
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NatureServe Biotics 2019 |
27
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This broadly defined association represents fire-suppressed (or otherwise ecologically disturbed) former <i>Pinus palustris</i>-dominated sandhills ranging throughout the Coastal Plain east of the Mississippi River. Unlike most natural <i>Pinus palustris</i>-dominated sandhills, the overstory of stands covered by this association support a mixture of <i>Pinus palustris, Pinus echinata</i>, and <i>Pinus taeda</i>. In addition, sandhill oak species may be found in the canopy and subcanopy with greater frequency than natural stands. Predominant oak species include <i>Quercus incana, Quercus falcata, Quercus laevis</i>, and/or <i>Quercus margarettae</i>. However, vegetation in any given stand may vary somewhat depending upon the severity of previous disturbance, including the length of fire exclusion. Related natural sandhill vegetation supporting mixed pines in the overstory are covered by other associations. |
Comm #718
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Successional Old Field
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accession code: urn:lsid:ecoobs.vegbank.org:commConcept:17628-{8E989B98-0A31-462E-9360-9029AFC10F55}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
27
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Comm #719
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Sycamore Floodplain Forest
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accession code: urn:lsid:vegbank.org/ecoObs:commConcept:17598-{C43971E1-009E-408D-9FA2-9F57F7D0BA68}
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Zimmerman et al. 2012 |
27
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Comm #720
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PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII FOREST ALLIANCE
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accession code: VB.CC.13705.PSEUDOTSUGAMENZ
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Jennings 2003. Vegetation alliances: composition and function. |
27
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