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Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest | Western Ecology Working Group of...
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Name: Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest Reference: Western Ecology Working Group of... Description: This association occurs in the northwestern Cascade Range of Washington and the coastal mountains of British Columbia. This is a needle-leaved evergreen conifer forest or woodland, with relatively short trees. Tsuga mertensiana and Abies amabilis are the most abundant trees, averaging 32-37% cover each; Chamaecyparis nootkatensis is also sometimes prominent. The understory typically has a semi-open layer of deciduous broad-leaved shrubs about 0.5-1.5 m tall, mostly Vaccinium ovalifolium, and to a lesser degree Vaccinium membranaceum, Menziesia ferruginea, or Rubus spectabilis. The shrubs are typically clumped near the bases of trees. A relatively lush forb-dominated herbaceous layer always has abundant Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii. Several other herbaceous species can be important, especially Rubus pedatus, Streptopus lanceolatus var. curvipes (= Streptopus roseus), Athyrium filix-femina, Veratrum viride, Lysichiton americanus, and Valeriana sitchensis. It occurs at elevations of 800-1550 m, on very moist to wet, poorly-drained, concave sites, with springs or seeps, typically occurring in linear stringers. Soils are saturated year-round and the snowpack is very deep (about 4 m). This association is distinguished from similar associations by at least 10% cover of Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii and little to no Oplopanax horridus or Nephrophyllidium crista-galli (= Fauria crista-galli). Sphagnum spp. are documented as abundant in British Columbia and probably also in Washington.  Accession Code: VB.CC.18384.TSUGAMERTENSIAN Plot-observations of this Community Concept: 0
	Party Perspective according to: NatureServe (organization) Perspective from: 26-Nov-1997 to: 17-Nov-2014
	status: accepted Community's Parent: Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis Saturated Forest Alliance This Community's Level: Association This Community's Children: [none]		Names:   Translated: Mountain Hemlock - Pacific Silver Fir / Two-flower Marsh-marigold Forest   UID: ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683547 NatureServe Explorer   Code: CEGL000501   Scientific: Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest (convergence) and Synonyms: (undetermined) Tsuga mertensiana - Abies amabilis / Caltha leptosepala ssp. howellii Forest