Name:
Betula alleghaniensis - Tsuga canadensis Swamp Forest Alliance
Reference:
NatureServe Biotics 2019
Description:
This alliance includes swamp forests of the Great Lakes states and Northeast, ranging from southeastern Canada through New England to the Central Appalachians, Blue Ridge, and Ridge and Valley. Stands are often dominated by <i>Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis</i>, and <i>Acer rubrum</i>, with closed to open canopies and an open to dense shrub layer, interspersed with small <i>Sphagnum</i> - herb-dominated depressions. Canopies are composed of various mixtures of evergreen and deciduous species. Minor canopy associates include <i>Acer rubrum, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Pinus strobus</i>, and <i>Nyssa sylvatica</i>; <i>Liriodendron tulipifera</i> may be a component at the southern limit, while <i>Picea rubens</i> may occur as scattered individuals in the north. Shrubs include <i>Acer pensylvanicum, Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex montana, Ilex verticillata, Kalmia latifolia, Lindera benzoin, Ilex mucronata, Rhododendron maximum, Vaccinium corymbosum, Viburnum lantanoides</i>, and <i>Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides</i>. Herbs in the forested areas include <i>Coptis trifolia, Cornus canadensis, Glyceria melicaria, Lycopodium obscurum, Maianthemum canadense, Onoclea sensibilis, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis</i>, and <i>Thelypteris noveboracensis</i>. Soils of this alliance vary from saturated muck to imperfectly drained mineral soils and are often acidic. Communities in this alliance occur in upland valleys created by bedrock depressions, on lower slopes, or adjacent to streams and lakes.
Accession Code:
urn:lsid:vegbank.org:commConcept:38703-{4C0E8CBE-E5AD-4166-9983-234B52BCA724}
Plot-observations of this Community Concept:
0
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